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Keyword: search.filters.keyword.Chromatographic analysis

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    Chromatographic analysis and analgesic assay of Alpazoti (Chenopodium ambroisiodes Linn.) Leaf extracts
    Aguilar, Liezl M. (Division of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-06)
    The leaf of alpazoti (Chenopodium ambroisiodes Linn.) was evaluated for its analgesic activity using the acetic acid-induced writhing assay. The aqueous extract of the leaf showed the highest bioactivity with 87.6316% reduction in the number of squirms of albino mice using 100 μμg/ml dosages. The crude methanolic extract also showed a percent reduction of 76.4211%. DCM and ethyl acetate fractions both exhibited 54.6584% reduction, thus, were also potent analgesics. Aqueous extract was subjected to further assay to determine the most effective concentration among the three concentrations, 1000 g/ml, 100 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml against three corresponding concentrations of the mefenamic acid which served as the positive control and distilled water as the solvent control. 1000 μg/ml of the aqueous fraction reduced the acetic acid-induced writhes by 90.5983%, while 100 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml of the fraction exhibited 80.0124%, respectively. Chromatographic analysis using TLC method showed that aqueous extract may contain terpenes, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, saponins and cardiac glycosides. Three fractions of similar TLC profiles (Al, A2 and A3) were obtained after vacuum liquid chromatography was carried out on the aqueous fraction. Fraction A2 showed the highest analgesic activity by reducing 80.87% of the acetic acid-induced withes. Fractions Al and A3 exhibited 37.61% and 35.00% reduction, respectively. Using methanol:ethyl acetate (1:1) as solvent system and vanillin-sulfuric acid, Dragendorff reagent, K3Fe(CN)6- FeCl3 and concentrated sulfuric acid as spray reagents, the spots in the chromatograms of fraction A2 indicated the presence of terpenes, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. Thus, most probably, the active constituents responsible for the analgesic activity could be terpenes, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides.
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    Chromatographic analysis and antibacterial assay of Avicennia officinalis bark extracts
    Janagap, Steve P. (Division of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-04)
    In this study, the antibacterial activity and the chemical constituents of Avicennia officinalis bark were determined. The antibacterial assay showed that the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction at 1000 ug/mL was most effective against the tested bacteria especially to Staphylococcus aureus. It had a microbial index of 0.97 while the positive control, amoxicillin had 1.00. The aqueous fraction did not show antibacterial activity to the organisms tested. A number of chemical constituents were found to be present in the different fractions obtained from Avicennia officinalis bark: alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins and terpenes. These constituents were determined using thin layer chromatography. The DCM fraction which showed the highest bioactivity, had the most number of components while the aqueous fraction had the least number of components. The DCM fraction was subjected to two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Nine spots were observed with the first solvent system (ethyl acetate-DCM; 5:3) while eleven spots were observed with the second solvent system (ethyl acetate-n-hexane-DCM; 2:1:1).