Undergraduate Theses
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Item Community structure of beach forest species in Mag-aba, Pandan, AntiqueBanogon, Tharrah Anne O. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)The Philippine beach forest is one of the understudied and less-popular important ecosystem that provides great number of food and economic products in the country. In fact, we lost them much earlier than the mangrove community that there is miniscule information is existing about them. There is a need for understanding the forest status and community structure due to the rising threats of natural and anthropogenic factors. The unexplored forest patch in Barangay Mag-aba, Pandan, Antique can provide additional information on beach forest diversity and abundance in the country, thus the need for this study. This study aimed to record the different species and to provide description of the community of beach forest in Mag-aba, Pandan. Specifically, the objectives of this study are (1) identify, describe and classify the beach forest species present in the area, and (2) describe the community structure in terms of species composition, diameter at breast height and stand height, stand basal area, importance value, evenness and Shannon- Weiner Index of Diversity. The transect plot method adopted from English et al (1994) was used to obtained quantitative data. A total of 80 beach forest species representing 41 families were recorded. The family Fabaceae and the species Cocos nucifera dominated the forest community. The stand basal area of 83.24 m2 ha-1 reflects a mature beach forest community, however the community is made up of mostly low DBH classes (saplings and seedling) also indicating a regenerating forest. Mag-aba is characterized to have a low species diversity (H'=1.17), however the individual species are fairly distributed (J'- 0.83). These results are addition to the existing knowledge of beach forest community that would serve as information for conservation measures.Item Batog kag Aya-ay: The politics of ecological consciousness of the presidents of Barangay Pantalan President Roxas, CapizBañez, Ma. Arve (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1992-03-01)This study examines the folk consciousness on the environment of the residents of Barangay Pantalan, President Roxas, Capiz. A combination of the etic and emic approaches in social sciences was used to make sense out of the informations gathered from the field. This study also identifies Man as Master of Nature, Man and Nature in Antagonism, Man in Harmony with Nature, and Nature as Sacred as the different relationships between human being and Nature. These different relationships between human being and Nature are contained- in the two broad opposing rationalities, namely, Speciesism and Environmentalism. An ethnocartography of Barangay Pantalan is constituted in this study using the folk sense of direction and orientation. In addition, the study examines the folk beliefs and practices built around man-made structure, sea, and the flora and the fauna. This study concludes with a discussion of the politics of environmentalism. Human being does not dominate Nature nor Nature dominates human being in this politics of environmentalism. The same politics embodies ethical dimensions which check the drift toward the destruction of the environment.Item Bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper and lead by Hydrilla (Hydrilla vericillata)Baniago, Arjay C. (Division of Pysical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-04)Bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper, and lead by Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) were tested to 5 different initial concentrations. The water contaminant sample was composed of mixed cadmium, copper and lead metals supplied as nitrate salts. These were analyzed for the decrease in concentrations at 24-hour intervals for 5 days using the SpectrAA 55B Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Plants exposed only for 5 days were digested and analyzed. The plant growth was normal at lower concentrations and showed higher removal efficiency. H. verticillata showed maximum removal percentage on the 5th day of exposure at 5 mg L-1 for cadmium (90.47%) and copper (95.20%) but for lead was on the 1st day (96.74%). The order of metal ion removal and the actual uptake for the three metals by H. verticillata is Pb>Cu>Cd, but at lower concentration, cadmium was absorbed more than copper. The copper and lead uptakes by H. verticillata are superior as compared to other aquatic plants uptakes. Lead uptake at higher concentrations might be due to physicochemical adsorption of the metal to the plant components and not on metabolism-mediated uptake, because plant condition does not have an adverse effect on the uptakeItem Decomposition of sugarcane bagasse by TrichodermaBangilan, Ma. Irish P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-04)Sugarcane bagasse, an end-product after extraction of the juice of the sugarcane, was composted with the aid of Trichoderma, a compost fungus activator which shortens the decomposition process of farm wastes. Decomposition process was observed through the changes in temperature and substrate consistency. An average of 94 days was noted for a complete decomposition of 900 kg bagasse. Analysis of bagasse compost gave 0.78% nitrogen, 4.94% phosphorus, in the form of P2O5 and 1.55% potassium, in the form of K 2O. It showed that composted bagasse is a good source of phosporus but poor in nitrogen and potassium. The compost, nevertheless, can also be a good soil conditioner.Item Continuity and change: A generational comparison of the social representations of Martial Law in the Philippines (1972-1986)Bandoy, Laarni Lee V.; Mecenas, Eunice Marinelle Pamela C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)A nation’s understanding of past events has implications on its national identity since it provides a point of commonality and continuation especially for nationally significant events. For the Philippines, this would be the Martial Law Period (1972-1986). Social psychological inquiries into the representation of military7 dictatorship were explored through the construct of collective memories, and previous studies on the representations of history have found that they arc aligned with Mannheim’s theory of generational effects. The current study intended to explore the generational differences in the social representations of Martial Law in the Philippines using a structural approach to Moscovici’s Social Representation Theory. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study made use of the Hierarchical Evocation Model to analyze the data collected. The findings of this study show that there is both continuity and change in the social representations of the two generational cohorts who experienced and did not experience living through the Martial Law Period. The social representations of both cohorts were grounded on concepts like politics, power, and social values such as human rights and freedom. One difference was how their social representations of the Martial Law Period were structured since the younger cohort lacked a central core, indicating a gradual change of social representations of the period over time. The way the period was objectified also differed, as the older cohort mentioned a larger selection of socio-economic changes during the period, and the younger cohort mentioned concepts of democracy and the EDSA Revolution. This study supports the generational effects conceptualized by Mannheim (1952), reflects the convergence of social representations of two generations through time as observed by Montiel (2010), and may be useful in identifying the changes in the social representations of the Martial Law Period because of historical distortion.Item Economic cost of dengue fever treatment in Miagao, IloiloBanehit, Gracesel Faith D.; Napulan, Macie Carlyn A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Dengue, the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral infection in the world, has caused many deaths in the Philippines. The municipality of Miagao, Iloilo Province, has recorded a high number of dengue cases in recent years. This study determined the economic cost of dengue fever treatment among affected households and patients with dengue in 2016 in Miagao. The study used a cross-sectional data collected from 169 interviews with the study participants for 201 dengue patients from 62 barangays in Miagao in February to April 2017. The study identified, measured, and valued the various costs related to dengue fever treatment. Results showed that the total economic cost for home-treated patients averaged at Pl2,522.08 for both the patient and the caregiver (household), with the following breakdown: P5,068.82 for monetary costs (direct medical and non-medical costs) and P7,453.26 as opportunity cost. For those who were admitted in the hospital, the total economic cost averaged at P22,213.31 with the following breakdown: P9,504.77 for monetary costs and P12,708.54 for opportunity cost. As expected, patients treated at home had lower costs both in monetary and nonmonetary aspects compared to those confined in the hospital. Although the majority of the study participants are knowledgeable about dengue, it is still necessary to increase their awareness of dengue prevention in order to prevent dengue treatment costs for the households. The local government must also strengthen the implementation of its existing dengue prevention policies and programs to mobilize cooperation and involvement of the people in dengue prevention.Item Public utility jeepney drivers in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental: Socio-economic conditions and income differentials analysisBanagodos Lorena Joy P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1997-04)Benchmark information was sought regarding the socioeconomic conditions of jeepney drivers and their households from a sample of 111 respondents in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental. This profile focused on their socio-demographic and housing characteristics as well as their household expenditure patterns. Several aspects of the driving occupation was also discussed. Income differentials analysis was also used to determine the factors that significantly accounted for the variability in driving income. Drivers were mainly composed of married and middle-aged men, majority of whom were high school graduates. Average household size was from 4—5 members with the father—driver as the only earning family member. Income from jeepney driving accounted for over half of the monthly total household income, averaging at P4,039.73. Drivers houses were made of GI roofs, and wooden outer walls. Most of the sample personally owned their housing units but were squatting on other people's lands. Their houses were equipped with electricity for lighting, LPG for cooking, manual pumps for drinking water and exclusive waste—sealed toilets. Food accounted for over 607. of the driving households' expenditures followed by education, utilities, and medical care. Out of their expenditures, the driving households were still able to save less than 10%. of their total incomes. Operator driver households had higher expenditure levels than boundary driver households. On the average, the drivers' total expenditures were higher than the 1996 inflated food and poverty thresholds. Their income-expenditure patterns reveal a discrepancy of P1414.21 between their total household income and total household expenditures which means that drivers' households have higher chances of increasing their savings levels. Driving experience averaged at 16 years. Consisting mainly of boundary drivers, majority of the sample — fueled jeepneys. Striking rounds were mostly done during peak hours (7-9 AM, 11-1 PM, and 4-7 PM) while parking rounds were done during lean hours (9-11 AM and 1-3 PM). Drivers were largely free to choose how long and how often to work in a day or week. They drove for six days weekly and averaged nine hours per day. Passing by 10-16 schools, jeepneys which traversed four routes (Bata-Libertad, Shopping-Libertad, Banago—Libertad , and Mandalagan-Libertad jeepneys) had relatively higher mean incomes than the rest of the sample. Boundary drivers had higher reported boundary fees and lower daily incomes than operator drivers. The sample's average driving income breaks even with the daily poverty threshold for a family of six members. Only 36% had SSS memberships. Drivers largely shouldered the vulcanizing, fuel, association membership fees and traffic violation penalties of utility vehicles while operators largely assumed its expenses for vehicle-related violations, spare parts, repair, and maintenance needs.The subject-respondents considered the small volume of passengers on some routes, the high cost of penalties from traffic violations, the unscrupulous apprehensions of traffic enforcers, the proposed traffic rerouting scheme and the labor—intensiveness of the occupation as some of its most pressing problems. The postulated regression model was determined to be highly significant with an F-computed value of 7.964. The t-test and p- values, likewise, indicated four independent variables ( number of schools passed, the capacity of the vehicle, the number of strikes per day, and the type of driver) to be significant and accounted for about 397. of the variability in driving income.Item Karyotype analysis of garlic, Allium sativum L. (Alliales; Alliaceae)Bandiola, Ma. Florma A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-03)The C-metaphase count of Allium sativum L. showed a chromosome number of 2n = 14, consisting of six long and eight short somatic chromosomes categorized into three distinct groups: ten m type chromosomes with centromeres at the median region, two sm type chromosomes with submedian centromere and two st type chromosomes with subterminal centromere, Mitotic index for the species was computed at 16.88%.Item Historical analysis of Hippeatrum puniceum (Var) Lam.Bañas, Shirlyn L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-03)A histochemical study Hipppeastrum puniceum, a bulbous plant of Family Amaryllidaceae, was performed to screen the plant for the presence of medically important substances that could be responsible for its curative powers. Results of the analyses showed that the leaf reacted positively to tests for presence of aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, and arbutin; the roots tested positive for aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, lecithin, oxalic acid, saponins, and tartaric acid. The bulb had aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, arbutin, lecithin, saponins and tannins. On the other hand, the leaf, root, and bulb yielded negative results in the tests for presence of presence of citric acid, formic acid, lignin, and phytosterol.Item Antioxidative properties of the fruits of selected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varietiesBaltazar, Gleza Wae D. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)This study was conducted to compare the antioxidative properties of greenstage fruits of selected Lycopersicon esculentum Miller varieties (Diamante, Diamante Max, and Pidada) from Barangay Durog, Miagao, Iloilo. The fresh fruit samples were extracted with 95% ethanol. The crude extracts were concentrated using rotary evaporator. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic fruit extracts was assayed for DPPH radical scavenging activity and the IC50 values were determined. The determination of the phenolic and flavonoid contents was done employing Folin- Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride spectrophotometric method, respectively. The results show that the fruits of the studied L. esculentum varieties exhibit DPPH radical scavenging activity. The IC50 values, however, differ significantly among the varieties. The IC50 values for Diamante (24.22 ± 1.41 g/L) and Diamante Max (25.08 ± 0.45 g/L) are comparable but are significantly lower than Pidada (29.47 ± 1.33 g/L). These findings imply that Diamante and Diamante Max varieties have stronger antioxidative capacity than the Pidada variety. Moreover, the results indicate that the antioxidative property of L. esculentum is variety-dependent. The results of the determination of the total phenolic content, expressed in mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g fresh sample, are in the order of 0.16 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g for Diamante > 0.15 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g for Diamante Max and Pidada. On the other hand, the results of the determination of the flavonoid content, expressed in μg quercetin equivalent (QE) per g fresh sample, are in the order of 6.31 ± 1.27 μg QE/g for Diamante >6.21 ± 0.88 μg QE/g for Diamante Max > 5.63 ± 0.94 pg QE/g for Pidada. No significant difference in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents was found among varieties. Nonetheless, the detection of phenolics and flavonoids, known antioxidants, supports the present results on the antioxidative property of the fruits of the L. esculentum varieties studied.