UPV Digital Repository (UPV–DR)
The official Institutional Repository of the University of the Philippines Visayas (UPV)
UPV–DR serves as the institutional repository and digital archives that preserves and provides access to UPV's academic outputs. It aims to facilitate wider dissemination, increased societal use, and enhanced visibility of UPV faculty members, staff, and students’ researches, creative works, and innovations. It aims to promote UPV’s scholarly and artistic works, enhance collaborations between the academe and the industry, and amplify extension work and public service.
UPV–DR aims to preserve institutional records, permanent records, and university memories. It also aims to provide access to the intellectual outputs of UPV researchers, artists, and innovators, such as publications in journals, books, conference proceedings, theses and dissertations, and artistic works, among others. Access is generally unrestricted and is compliant with the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) protocol.
UPV–DR is managed by the UP Visayas University Library.
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Comparison of direct microscopy and concentration techniques using household bleach for the detection of acid-fast bacilli in sputum
Bernabe, John Marvin S.; Biaoco, Beverly G.; Castillanes, Melvic A.; Fernandez, Ia Jean F.; Geraldoy, Ruffa V.; Molina, Ryge Albert D.; Pluma, Zyra April D.; Que, Agnes Karen B.; Servidad, Mercy Jeane C.; Tamayo, Kyria Mae Marre P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03-29)
Several published studies have demonstrated that the sedimentation and centrifugation concentration techniques which utilize sodium hypochlorite are more efficient in detecting acid fast bacilli in sputum smears compared to the conventional direct smear method. This study was conducted to (1) compare the proportion of AFB-positive samples by direct microscopy with the household bleach centrifugation concentration technique; (2) compare the proportion of AFB-positive samples by direct microscopy with the household bleach sedimentation concentration technique;(3) compare the proportion of AFB-positive samples by household bleach sedimentation with the centrifugation concentration techniques; and (4) compare the cost of the direct smear method, centrifugation concentration technique, and sedimentation concentration technique for detection of AFB. Sputum specimens were collected from TB-DOTS clinics in Miag-ao and San Joaquin, Iloilo and from Medicus laboratories in Iloilo City. The specimens were then processed through the direct smear method, centrifugation concentration method, and sedimentation concentration method. Out of 174 sputum samples included in this study, results revealed that (1) there was no significant difference in the proportions of AFB-positive slides detected using the direct microscopy and centrifugation concentration technique; (2) there was no significant difference in the proportions of AFB-positive slides detected using the direct microscopy and sedimentation concentration technique; (3) there was no significant difference in the proportions of AFB-positive slides detected using the centrifugation and the sedimentation concentration techniques; and (4) simple cost analysis of the three methods suggests that the direct smear method is the most cost efficient. The findings indicate that whichever method is used would yield almost the same proportions of AFB-positive slides. Internal quality control should be maintained throughout the laboratory work to obtain reliable results, as it is the manner of processing that determines the outcome of this study and its validity.
The community structure of mangroves in Ivisan, Capiz
Bermoy, Gian Carlo A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-04)
The structure of the mangrove community in Ivisan, Capiz was studied using the transect line plot method with fifteen plots established. This study aims to assess the community structure of mangroves in Barangay Agustin Navarra and Barangay Balaring, Ivisan, Capiz using accepted ecological indicators. Community structure is described in terms of the following parameters: basal area, stems per hectare, relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, importance value of the species, and the Shannon Index of Diversity. Variations in these parameters are correlated with certain physico-chemical factors such as air and water temperature, soil pH, and water salinity. Little study has been done to document the mangroves in Barangay Agustin Navarra and Barangay Balaring, Ivisan, Capiz. This is the first systematic study done in the area; thus, the present study will provide vital information needed for its proper management.
A total of nineteen true mangrove species represented by ten families were identified on Barangay Agustin Navarra and Barangay Balaring, Ivisan, Capiz. The true mangroves consisted of Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinales, Avicennia rumphiana, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera parviflora, Camptostemon philippinensis, Ceriops decandra, Exoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruticans, Osbornia octodonta, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Xylocarpus granatum and Xylocarpus moluccensis. All the species were present in Station 1 except Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea. The species present in Station 2 and in both stations were Avicennia marina, Avicennia rumphiana, Exoecaria agallocha, Osbornia oclodonta, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, and Sonneratia alba.
Avicennia marina has the overall highest relative density of 340 trees per hectare, relative frequency of 22%, relative dominance of 266.655%, and importance value of 628.841%. Seedlings and saplings of Avicennia marina dominate the area indicating that the mangrove community is young and regenerating stand. Barangay Agustin Navarra has the highest index of diversity of 0.87 while Barangay Balaring has an index of diversity of 0.47. The overall index of diversity is 0.674.
Community structure, biomass productivity and carbon stock assessment of mangroves in Barangay Tabon, Batan Bay, Aklan
Bermeo, Ma. Ramela Angela C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-04)
The study aimed to assess the community structure, biomass productivity, and carbon stock assessment of mangroves in Barangay Tabon, Batan Bay, Aklan using the plot method. Specifically, it aimed to: 1. determine selected physical and chemical factors such as water salinity, water pH, soil temperature and characterization of soil substrates, 2. identify true mangrove species present in the area, 3. describe the community structure in terms of Stand Basal Area, Stems per Hectare, Relative Density, Relative Frequency, Relative Dominance, Importance Value, Shannon-Index of Diversity, Zonation Pattern, Seedling and Sapling Density, 4. assess the biomass productivity (both wood biomass, and litter fall), 5. estimate the amount of carbon stored in the mangrove forest (using allometric equation). A total of twenty-one true mangrove species belonging to 12 families were identified. Family Rhizophoraceae was the most represented with five species namely Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, and R. stylosa. The rest were also well represented namely Family Avicenniaceae- Avicennia alba, A. officinalis, A. marina, and A. rumphiana; Family Combretaceae- Lumnitzera littorea and Limnutzera racemosa; Family Sonneratiaceae- Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris; Family Acanthaceae- Acanthus ebracteatus; Family Bombacaceae- Camptostemon philippinensis; Family Euphorbiaceae- Excoecaria agallocha; Family Meliaceae- Xylocarpus moluccensis; Family Myrsinaceae- Aegiceras corniculatum; Family Myrtaceae- Osbornia octodonta; Family Arecaceae- Nypa fruticans; Family Rubiaceae- Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea. Basal area ranged from 0.11m2/ha for Ceriops decandra to 68.78m2/ha for Sonneratia alba. Avicennia marina had the highest stems per hectare with 22,600 stems/ha, while Bruguiera cylindrica had the lowest with 100 stems/ha. Avicennia marina occurred in all plots with 137 trees/ha and had the highest relative density of 38.38% and relative frequency of 38.42%. Sonneratia alba had the highest relative dominance of 48.49% while the lowest was Ceriops decandra with 0.08%. Avicennia alba, Bruguiera cylindrica, and Ceriops decandra had the lowest relative densities and frequencies at 0.3%. The most important species was Avicennia marina (107.6) and the least important species was Ceriops decandra (0.68). The area was considered to be diverse at 0.7206. On per transect basis, the highest index of diversity recorded was in Transect 2, while the lowest was in Transect 1. Avicennia and Sonneratia species occured both in the low intertidal zone (seaward) and mid-intertidal zone (transitional zone). Rhizophora, Nypa, Camptostemon, Osbornia, Lumnitzera, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Exoecaria, and Aegiceras were found in the mid-intertidal zone (transitional zone). Xylocarpus, Scyphiphora, and Acanthus occurred in high intertidal zone (landward). Avicennia rumphiana had the highest seedlings density of 1001 seedlings/ha, whereas Rhizophora mucronata had the highest saplings density of 96 saplings/ha. The lowest seedling and sapling density was Rhizophora apiculata (Iseedling/ha) and Camptostemon philippinensis (lsapling/ha) respectively. The species with the highest computed biomass of 1,287.78 tons/ha and carbon stock of 579.5 tons/ha was Sonneratia alba. The lowest was Ceriops decandra with biomass of 0.06 tons/ha and carbon stock of 0.03 tons/ha. A total of 2,080 tons/ha biomass and 936.34 tons/ha carbon stock was determined. Based on the litter fall, Transect 2 has the highest leaf fall weighing 580.4g. Litter weight was highest in January 2013 and lowest in December 2012 in all sampling sites.
Karyotype analysis of Kutsay Allium odoratum L. (Alliales: Alliaceae)
Bermejo, Jo-am Asis (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1995-05)
The C-metaphase count of Allium odoratum revealed that the chromosome number was 2n=32, consisting of the following centromeric groups based on Levan's method of chromosome classification: Group I chromosomes with subterminal centromeres (1 pair); Group II with submedian centromeres (2 pairs), and Group III with median centromeres (13 pairs). The mean total lengths of chromosome ranged from 8.534±0.504-16.624±0.600
μ. Mitotic index for the species was found to be 10.87%.
A study on the preference of the UPV Social Science student between violence and non-violence as a progress on change in the Philippine society
Berlin, Sharon Joy (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1983-04)
The study was conducted among 100 students of the Division of Social Sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Iloilo City. It attempted to answer the following questions: 1. Violence and Non-violence: which would the students prefer in changing society? 2. Is their preference related to some observable factors like sex, religiousity and family income? 3. What is the attitude of students towards the present government?
The respondents were almost unanimous (94%) in their belief that Philippine society needs social changes. Moreover, they perceived the monopoly of power by the few’ as the primary problem of the nation.
In the question of political preferences between the different methods of social transformation a considerable number (59%) preferred the use of both violent and nonviolent conduct in effecting changes.
When factors like sex, religiousity and family income, were subjected to Chi —Square test, the result is as follows:
1. Female students were not politically less violent than their male counterparts.
2. The more religious the student the less likely he is violent.
3.High family income do not necessarily produce a preference on non-violent method.
As to the third question, "What is the attitude of students towards the present Government?", there was a high (91%) percentage that the present government works for the service of the few. A moderate number (52%) believed that the government can not solve the country’s problem, but in terms of the national leadership, a considerable number (61%) categorized it as fairly responsive.