UPV Digital Repository (UPV–DR)
The official Institutional Repository of the University of the Philippines Visayas (UPV)
UPV–DR serves as the institutional repository and digital archives that preserves and provides access to UPV's academic outputs. It aims to facilitate wider dissemination, increased societal use, and enhanced visibility of UPV faculty members, staff, and students’ researches, creative works, and innovations. It aims to promote UPV’s scholarly and artistic works, enhance collaborations between the academe and the industry, and amplify extension work and public service.
UPV–DR aims to preserve institutional records, permanent records, and university memories. It also aims to provide access to the intellectual outputs of UPV researchers, artists, and innovators, such as publications in journals, books, conference proceedings, theses and dissertations, and artistic works, among others. Access is generally unrestricted and is compliant with the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) protocol.
UPV–DR is managed by the UP Visayas University Library.
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Recent Submissions
Political efficacy and political participation as influenced by the kind of work setting of organizations and socio-economic profile of employees: A case study on employees working in centralize and decentralize work settings
Cadelina, Angelita L.; Nakar, Janessa Mae E. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)
Political efficacy and political participation are considered as essential conditions for democracy to thrive and are signs of political health. Many studies on the democratization processes focus on the dynamics of these two concepts in order to know the factors on which these two are dependent on. This study attempts to look on several factors that affect an individuals’ political efficacy and political participation.
Some of the variables of socio-economic profile such as age, gender, civil status, and educational attainment were considered in this study as factors that maybe significant to an individuals’ political efficacy and political participation. Results of previous studies showed that the higher the socio-economic status, the higher is one’s level of political efficacy and political participation.
Another factor considered in this study was the work setting of individuals, namely, the centralized or decentralized work environment. Pateman (1970) and colleagues argued that democratized industrial authority structures require workers to develop skills and resources necessary for participation in political life beyond the workplace while centralized organizations socializes employees to passivity and political apathy. With these two different conditions, they claimed that employees within decentralized organizations are more likely to have a higher level of political efficacy and political participation compared to those in centralized work settings.
However, results of this study showed that the profile of the respondents does not have any relationship on their level of political efficacy and political participation. Only age and political efficacy are correlated. In addition, the result was not consistent with the argument of Pateman. The result of the study showed that respondent employees from centralized and decentralized organization both have a relatively medium-high level of political efficacy and political participation. This simply shows that despite the autocratic structure of decision-making, there are still some instances present in centralized organizations that could also provide some venues for employees to increase their feeling of personal confidence and efficacy which can consequently influence their level of political efficacy and political participation.
Spontaneous formation of silver nanoparticles in humid acid-rich water of Santa Barbara, Iloilo
Cadelina, Mary Dored Ann D. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)
Humic acid (HA) - rich water of Sta. Barbara, Iloilo is successful in acting as a reducing and capping agent in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-Visible spectroscopy was used to determine the effect of irradiation time, varying HA and AgNO3 concentration, and electrolyte addition. Furthermore, the bactericidal efficacy of AgNPs was evaluated using broth microdilution method. Measurement of AgNPs was done using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lower irradiation time (10- 40 min) shows an increasing absorbance trend. However, absorbance decreased and showed bathochromic shifts when irradiated at longer times (50-60 min). AgNP formulations of 40 ppm HA with 4 mM AgNO3 and 50 ppm HA with 4 mM AgNO3 showed the highest peak intensity for varying AgNO3 and HA concentration, respectively. These results were found in both irradiated and un-irradiated samples. Aggregation occurred upon the addition of 50 mM, 100 mM, and 500 mM NaCl but was more prominent at 500 mM NaCl. Dialyzed and un-dialyzed AgNPs have bactericidal activity. However, un-dialyzed AgNP was a more effective treatment because it showed a bactericidal activity up to 1:16 dilution for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as compared to the dialyzed AgNPs which showed a bactericidal activity up to 1:4 for S. aureus and 1:8 for E. coli. The dialyzed AgNPs are polydispersed but were mostly small with sizes less than 10 nm based on the TEM image.
Marketing of sweet pepper in Leon, Iloilo
Cadarin, Eden C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1998-07)
This study describes the marketing system of sweet pepper in Leon, Iloilo. The marketing operations of sweet pepper farmers and middlemen were surveyed. A total of fifty two (52) respondents, were interviewed, forty (40) of which are farmers and twelve (12) are middlemen . The data were based on the recent harvest of the farmers and the last transaction activity of the middlemen. The respondents are from Brgy. Buga and Brgy. Mocol, the top sweet pepper producing barangays in Leon, Iloilo.
The farmers received an average P 28.69 per kg of sweet pepper sold. The marketing costs incurred amounted to P 14.19 per kg, which include the pre-sale costs, expenses on tickets, permits, ”arcabala"/bills, depreciation costs on investments and other miscellaneous expenses. The net farm price received by farmers was P 15.50 per kg. The most common problems cited by the farmers in sweet pepper marketing include pests and diseases and the perishability of the product brought about by delayed market. It was recommended that for farmers to increase their production, they need to have irrigation facilities and enough financial capital so that they will not resort to borrowing . Farmers are concern more on the financial aspect of sweet pepper production.
The middlemen on the other hand, received a gross margin of P 8.39 per kg. On the average, their marketing costs amounted to P4.34 per kg. The marketing margin they received was P 4.05 per kg.
Findings show that the middlemen need to procure sweet pepper in bulk to cover the high marketing costs incurred. Their primary concern is in maintaining the quality of sweet pepper to avoid losses.
Heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) concentrations of road-deposited sediments within six public plazas in Iloilo City
Caceres, Rizza Daphet E. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2011-04)
Contamination from overland transportation is an unavoidable result of urbanization. Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn arc common heavy metals introduced to the environment by transportation. Road-deposited sediment (RDS) samples were collected from six public plazas (Villa Plaza, Molo Plaza, Mandurriao Plaza, Plaza Libertad, Lapaz Plaza and Jaro Plaza) in Iloilo City from March 2010 to May 2010. 0.5M HC1 was used as extractant and heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) concentrations were determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The mean concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in road-deposited sediments from six plazas were 8.79 ± 1.93, 40.90 ± 24.21, 60.74 ± 22.32, and 164.25 ± 25.0 mg/kg, respectively. Metal enrichment of Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were approximately xl, x8, x7 and x18 more than the background values respectively. There was no significant temporal variation in metals concentrations of RDS between sampling collections. Generally, RDS from Plaza Libertad has the highest metal concentrations. Cu and Pb metals were highly correlated (R2 = 0.891) indicating possible similar sources. A good correlation (R2 = 0.918) was observed between Pb concentration and the number of vehicles that pass along the plaza per hour. Heavy metal concentrations in sediments from plazas have low hazard quotients but bioaccumulation of metals in the body could cause health effects. Efficiency of digestion procedures varied depending on characteristics, texture and composition of road-deposited sediments. 0.5M HC1 digestion was used because it is simple, cost-effective, time-efficient and it leaches out meaningful amounts of bioavailable metals. Using HC1 as extractant simulates human digestion since human stomach contains HC1 that could leach out metals if road-deposited sediments were ingested.
Microwave-assisted extraction of sulfated polysaccharide (Fucoidan) from Sargassum oligocystum Montagne
Caceres, Kristhia Loren Maree R. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
Algae have been a source of food and medicine for humans. It contains sulfated polysaccharides that have been used as drugs. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, found in brown algae have received more attention in recent years due to its potential biological properties that are important in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and health industries. Fucoidan was recovered from brown seaweed Sargassum oligocystum Montagne by microwave - assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Different conditions of extraction time (10, 15 and 20 min) at 0.150kW were evaluated and the optimal fucoidan yield was 1.255 ± 0.0068 %, obtained at 20 minutes. Using this condition, a different set of samples was subjected to hot water extraction (HWE) and the average yield was 0.9767 ± 0.0002 %. The extracts from both methods were subjected to physico-chemical tests like gelling temperature, melting temperature, FTIR analysis, total carbohydrate content and total sulfate content. Having gelling and melting temperature values of 32 "C and 91"C for MA extracts and 30 "C and 89 °C for HW extracts showed qualities of a good agar gel. The total carbohydrate contents were 75.31 ± 0.015 % and 74.06 ± 0.0113 %, for MAE and HWE, respectively. It was also observed that the sulfate content of extracted fucoidan decreased with increasing extraction time. This study shows that MAE is an efficient technology to recover fucoidan from Sargassum oligocystum Montagne compared with the conventional heating method. This method provided enhanced extraction efficiency at reduced process time.