Undergraduate Theses
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/13
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Item Public utility jeepney drivers in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental: Socio-economic conditions and income differentials analysisBanagodos Lorena Joy P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1997-04)Benchmark information was sought regarding the socioeconomic conditions of jeepney drivers and their households from a sample of 111 respondents in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental. This profile focused on their socio-demographic and housing characteristics as well as their household expenditure patterns. Several aspects of the driving occupation was also discussed. Income differentials analysis was also used to determine the factors that significantly accounted for the variability in driving income. Drivers were mainly composed of married and middle-aged men, majority of whom were high school graduates. Average household size was from 4—5 members with the father—driver as the only earning family member. Income from jeepney driving accounted for over half of the monthly total household income, averaging at P4,039.73. Drivers houses were made of GI roofs, and wooden outer walls. Most of the sample personally owned their housing units but were squatting on other people's lands. Their houses were equipped with electricity for lighting, LPG for cooking, manual pumps for drinking water and exclusive waste—sealed toilets. Food accounted for over 607. of the driving households' expenditures followed by education, utilities, and medical care. Out of their expenditures, the driving households were still able to save less than 10%. of their total incomes. Operator driver households had higher expenditure levels than boundary driver households. On the average, the drivers' total expenditures were higher than the 1996 inflated food and poverty thresholds. Their income-expenditure patterns reveal a discrepancy of P1414.21 between their total household income and total household expenditures which means that drivers' households have higher chances of increasing their savings levels. Driving experience averaged at 16 years. Consisting mainly of boundary drivers, majority of the sample — fueled jeepneys. Striking rounds were mostly done during peak hours (7-9 AM, 11-1 PM, and 4-7 PM) while parking rounds were done during lean hours (9-11 AM and 1-3 PM). Drivers were largely free to choose how long and how often to work in a day or week. They drove for six days weekly and averaged nine hours per day. Passing by 10-16 schools, jeepneys which traversed four routes (Bata-Libertad, Shopping-Libertad, Banago—Libertad , and Mandalagan-Libertad jeepneys) had relatively higher mean incomes than the rest of the sample. Boundary drivers had higher reported boundary fees and lower daily incomes than operator drivers. The sample's average driving income breaks even with the daily poverty threshold for a family of six members. Only 36% had SSS memberships. Drivers largely shouldered the vulcanizing, fuel, association membership fees and traffic violation penalties of utility vehicles while operators largely assumed its expenses for vehicle-related violations, spare parts, repair, and maintenance needs.The subject-respondents considered the small volume of passengers on some routes, the high cost of penalties from traffic violations, the unscrupulous apprehensions of traffic enforcers, the proposed traffic rerouting scheme and the labor—intensiveness of the occupation as some of its most pressing problems. The postulated regression model was determined to be highly significant with an F-computed value of 7.964. The t-test and p- values, likewise, indicated four independent variables ( number of schools passed, the capacity of the vehicle, the number of strikes per day, and the type of driver) to be significant and accounted for about 397. of the variability in driving income.Item Living conditions of students and their families in the midst of Covid-19 pandemic: Case of students from University of AntiqueAlagos, Krizyl Anne J.; Castillo, Justine Mae T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-07)The coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has caused serious and long-term implications for people’s health, quality of life, and well-being. Apart from the hostility of the pandemic to the worldwide economy, the crisis has also made a significant impact on the education system, specifically on the students. The disturbance has shifted from traditional learning of students to a virtual class experience through online set up or remote learning. This study assesses the living conditions of randomly selected students of the College of Arts and Sciences, University of Antique and their families amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary data were gathered through the use of an online survey on Google Forms, wherein respondents were selected using stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired T- test. The findings of the study revealed that students experienced worsened conditions due to the pandemic. The results further showed that the students and their families were negatively affected by the pandemic after six months of the pandemic through several variables such as employment status, job satisfaction, number of people working in the household, household income, household expenses, performance as a student and performance as a son/daughter. The gradually improving situation of the UA students and their families after two years of the pandemic showed that they are on their way to recovery. Yet, the results also showed that they are yet to fully recover. The paper recommends interventions, policy workshops, and evidence-based programs to help students and their families recover from the effects of the pandemic and become better prepared for any similar future crisesItem Economics of copra production in selected barangays of Buenavista, GuimarasAranda, Odessa T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Art and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-11)This paper provides a background and baseline information on the prevailing profile of copra production and profitability with the use of thirty-five producers based in Buenavista, Guimaras. This study also gave an overview on the problems encountered by copra producers and provided recommendations for the improvement of the local copra industry. Costs and returns analysis showed that average costs in copra production was P9.14/kg. Of the average costs, average fixed costs, average variable costs, and opportunity costs accounted for .33%, 26.59%, and 73.08%, respectively. Average fixed costs was P.03/kg where a third (33.33%) can be attributed to depreciation costs (P.02/kg). As to the average variable costs of the respondents, P2.43/kg was incurred which was primarily attributed by cost of hired labor (P89.71). Opportunity costs/kg for all producers was P6.68. The major opportunity costs (81.44%) was the implicit cost of coconuts. Average revenue was P9.43/kg. As a whole, the respondents gained P6.97/kg financial profit. Meanwhile, gross profit was P7.00 for all respondents. Copra producers in Buenavista, Guimaras earned a positive P0.29/kg economic profit. Payback period of 4.56 years, 7.30% return on investment, and 11.93% return on variable costs were other measures used to deterimine profitability in copra production.