Undergraduate Theses
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Item Karyotype analysis of Kutsay Allium odoratum L. (Alliales: Alliaceae)Bermejo, Jo-am Asis (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1995-05)The C-metaphase count of Allium odoratum revealed that the chromosome number was 2n=32, consisting of the following centromeric groups based on Levan's method of chromosome classification: Group I chromosomes with subterminal centromeres (1 pair); Group II with submedian centromeres (2 pairs), and Group III with median centromeres (13 pairs). The mean total lengths of chromosome ranged from 8.534±0.504-16.624±0.600 μ. Mitotic index for the species was found to be 10.87%.Item Fecundity and Oocyte size in the flyingfish (Cheilopogon arcticeps) from Lanuza Bay, Surigao Del SurBelaza, Yeuclaire Dorothy M. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)The relationship of fecundity and oocyte diameter to body size and other reproductive aspects of the flying fish, Cheilopogon arcticeps in Lanuza Bay were investigated in this study. Gravimetric method or weight method was used in order to estimate the fecundity of 35 mature female C.arcticeps ranging from 17.8-23.6 cm standard length. Total fecundity of C.arcticeps ranged from 1,126 - 41,684 while its oocyte diameter ranged from 0.8 -3.6 mm. The relationship of fecundity to standard length (SL) showed variable results and poor correlation. This may be indicative of a unique reproductive strategy of this species. Egg size to standard length showed an increasing trend but a weak correlation. In general smaller egg diameters were observed in smaller size class SL and bigger egg diameters appear in larger SL. The relationship of fecundity to gonad weight showed a positive linear correlation and increasing data .Thus as gonad weight increases, fecundity increases too. The correlation between fecundity and total length shows a weak relationship, however the correlation between fecundity and gonad weight show a stronger relationship. The present study aim to exhibit additional information on the rare documentation of flyingfish in the country.Item Community structure of riverine mangrove stand in Brgy. Talokgangan, Municipality of Banate, Iloilo ProvinceBelaño, Keith Dominador L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-04)The community structure of riverine mangrove stand in Brgy. Talokgangan, Municipality of Banate, Iloilo was studied. Ten “true” mangrove species representing seven families were encountered in the “mangals” of Balandra creek community in Brgy. Talokgangan. They were Avicennia marina, Avicennia lanata and Avicennia alba representing Family Avicenniaceae; Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata under Family Rhizophoraceae; Sonneratia alba of the Family Sonneratiaceae; Excoecaria agallocha under Family Euphorbiaceae; Camptostemon philippinense of the Family Bombacaceae; one from the Family Meliaceae namely Xylocarpus granatum, and Family Palmae represented by Nypa fruticans. Stand Basal Area was computed highest in Station 1 with 10.22 m2/ha. Station 1 was also the densest among the four stations with a density value of 2533 trees/ha. In terms of data evaluated per zone, the landward zone has a Stand Basal Area of 10.87 m2/ha which is slightly higher than the middle and riverward zones. The middle zone, however, was found to be the densest with 1850 trees/ha. The most dominant station was Station 1 with the highest Index of Dominance of 0.3319, however, was found to be the least diverse station. The highest Index of Diversity was computed in Stations 2 and 3, with diversity indices of 0.8976 and 0.8989 respectively. Avicennia marina was found common in all stations and the most dominant, making it the most important mangrove species. They were found to occupy the whole site, growing abundantly in wide range of conditions from areas frequently inundated by tidal flow in Station 1 to the firmer muddy substratum in the back mangrove areas. Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata was observed to occupy waterlogged soil conditions. Excoecaria agaliocha tend to flourish in firmer muddy substratum in open sites, whereas, Xylocarpus granatum was observed to occupy zones where salinity is lowest in areas rarely affected by tidal flow. Sonneratia alba and Camptostemon philippinense tend to grow in zones directly inundated by tidal flow.Item The effect of seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) as a partial substitute for commercial feed on the growth of chickenBedia, Alma Mae S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-08)The study determined whether the use of seaweed (Kappaphycus aIvarezii) in different amounts as a partial substitute to commercial feeds would enhance the growth of chickens, reduce feed consumption, increase feed efficiency, and increase profit. The chickens were first fed with commercial broiler starter mash feeds for 15 days. Then, on the 16th day to the 35th day, the chickens were fed with different combinations in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 ratios of commercial broiler finisher feeds to K. alvarezii. Chickens fed with purely commercial broiler finisher feeds served as the control. Feed consumption, liveweight gain, and feed efficiency were computed every three days, while Profitability was determined at the end of the experimental period. Results showed that the use of K. alvarezii as a partial substitute to commercial broiler finisher feeds in a 1: 1 ratio increased the profit as well as the growth of the chickens, and it is comparable to that in the control (fed with purely commercial broiler finisher feeds). When the amount of K. alvarezii in the feed ration is more than 50% (1:1 ratio), it was observed that it would hamper the growth of the broilers.Item Community structure of beach forest species in Mag-aba, Pandan, AntiqueBanogon, Tharrah Anne O. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)The Philippine beach forest is one of the understudied and less-popular important ecosystem that provides great number of food and economic products in the country. In fact, we lost them much earlier than the mangrove community that there is miniscule information is existing about them. There is a need for understanding the forest status and community structure due to the rising threats of natural and anthropogenic factors. The unexplored forest patch in Barangay Mag-aba, Pandan, Antique can provide additional information on beach forest diversity and abundance in the country, thus the need for this study. This study aimed to record the different species and to provide description of the community of beach forest in Mag-aba, Pandan. Specifically, the objectives of this study are (1) identify, describe and classify the beach forest species present in the area, and (2) describe the community structure in terms of species composition, diameter at breast height and stand height, stand basal area, importance value, evenness and Shannon- Weiner Index of Diversity. The transect plot method adopted from English et al (1994) was used to obtained quantitative data. A total of 80 beach forest species representing 41 families were recorded. The family Fabaceae and the species Cocos nucifera dominated the forest community. The stand basal area of 83.24 m2 ha-1 reflects a mature beach forest community, however the community is made up of mostly low DBH classes (saplings and seedling) also indicating a regenerating forest. Mag-aba is characterized to have a low species diversity (H'=1.17), however the individual species are fairly distributed (J'- 0.83). These results are addition to the existing knowledge of beach forest community that would serve as information for conservation measures.Item Decomposition of sugarcane bagasse by TrichodermaBangilan, Ma. Irish P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-04)Sugarcane bagasse, an end-product after extraction of the juice of the sugarcane, was composted with the aid of Trichoderma, a compost fungus activator which shortens the decomposition process of farm wastes. Decomposition process was observed through the changes in temperature and substrate consistency. An average of 94 days was noted for a complete decomposition of 900 kg bagasse. Analysis of bagasse compost gave 0.78% nitrogen, 4.94% phosphorus, in the form of P2O5 and 1.55% potassium, in the form of K 2O. It showed that composted bagasse is a good source of phosporus but poor in nitrogen and potassium. The compost, nevertheless, can also be a good soil conditioner.Item Karyotype analysis of garlic, Allium sativum L. (Alliales; Alliaceae)Bandiola, Ma. Florma A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-03)The C-metaphase count of Allium sativum L. showed a chromosome number of 2n = 14, consisting of six long and eight short somatic chromosomes categorized into three distinct groups: ten m type chromosomes with centromeres at the median region, two sm type chromosomes with submedian centromere and two st type chromosomes with subterminal centromere, Mitotic index for the species was computed at 16.88%.Item Historical analysis of Hippeatrum puniceum (Var) Lam.Bañas, Shirlyn L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-03)A histochemical study Hipppeastrum puniceum, a bulbous plant of Family Amaryllidaceae, was performed to screen the plant for the presence of medically important substances that could be responsible for its curative powers. Results of the analyses showed that the leaf reacted positively to tests for presence of aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, and arbutin; the roots tested positive for aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, lecithin, oxalic acid, saponins, and tartaric acid. The bulb had aldehydes, alkaloids, amygdalin, arbutin, lecithin, saponins and tannins. On the other hand, the leaf, root, and bulb yielded negative results in the tests for presence of presence of citric acid, formic acid, lignin, and phytosterol.Item The effect of different feeding schemes on mudcrab Scylla serrata larvae fed with Artemia salinaBachoco, Anabelle M. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1998-04)The study on the effect of different feeding schemes of mudcrab Scylla serrata fed with Artemia salina was conducted to identify the zoeal stage of S. serrata where an addition of Artemia to the diet results to higher survival, shorter intermoult duration, higher growth index, and shorter metamorphosis to the megalopa stage. All treatments were fed with Brachionus at a density of 20 ind./ml. Results showed that larvae fed with Artemia from day 0 had consistently high percent survival and this is significantly higher compared to other treatments. This was followed by larvae fed with Artemia at day 3 and at day 6. However, statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the two treatments. Significantly low percent survival was obtained on larvae fed with Artemia at day 9. Results also showed that larvae fed with Artemia at day 0 metamorphosed to megalopa stage after 18 days and obtained the shortest average intermoult duration of 3.6 days and highest growth index of 5 6. This was followed by larvae fed with Artemia at day 3, day 6, and day 9. Artemia has high nutritive value which contributed to high survival, shorter intermoult period, high growth index and shorter metamorphosis period up to the megalopa stage.Item A study on spawning induction of Imbaw Anodontia edentula (Linne, 1758)Bacaro, Teressa Mae D. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)The mud clam, Anodontia edentula, was induced to spawn using extract from ripe and developing gonads. Clams responded to the spawning stimulus by extension of the foot, swelling and extension of the mantle, swirling of the whole body, rapid opening and closing of the valves, ejecting of white material from the excurrent siphon, and subsequent contraction of the adductor muscles. Successful spawning of all individuals occurred with the use of gonad extract. Developing homogenized extract was not as effective in inducing the broodstock to spawn. Gametes were released through the excurrent siphon located at the posterior end.