Undergraduate Theses
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Item Print media exposure and the attitude of graduating mass and broadcast communication students toward classified adsCabanilla, Richelle T. (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1988-02)Hypothetically, frequency of exposure to an object or idea affects one’s attitude toward it. Such premise was used for this particular study. An attempt is made to determine if any relationship exists between exposure to print media, specifically to newspapers, and attitude toward the classified ads. Totalling 67 in all, graduating Mass and Broadcast Communication students of School Year 1986-87 in Iloilo City, were made as respondents. A set of questionnaires were handed out to them and the line of inquiry covered the areas from frequency of newspaper reading to behavioral inclinations or action tendencies toward the classified ads. Aside from trying to determine the frequency of exposure and what the respondents think of the ads, the questionnaire was also designed to deal with the three components of attitude: the cognitive, affective and the behavioral. One concept about the nature of attitude is taken from the Latent Process Viewpoint which incidentally is used as a guide in this study. The viewpoint surmises that attitude is a hidden mental or neural process which takes place in the individual. As such, one limitation in the study of attitude is that it is not directly observable. Inferences about one’s attitude can only be based from the study of overt behavioral responses. Theoretically, exposure is considered as the independent variable and attitude as the dependent variable. In actuality however, attitude is more of an intervening variable because the study focuses on the stimulus-response set-up with "attitude" seen as a possible explanation for the causation of response or responses to the stimulus. Based on the data gathered, the respondents are in general, favorably disposed toward the classified ads. The positive attitude is connected somehow with the respondents' belief that the classified section is primarily informative and entertaining at the same time. To prove or disprove the hypothesis, a contingency table was constructed for the computation of the chi-square. The table included the respondents’ frequency of newspaperreading and whether they like or dislike the ads. The computation of the chi-square nullifies the hypothesis that students who like and dislike the classified ads differ in their frequency of reading the newspapers. Similarly, based on the data gathered, a couple of hypotheses were formulated. One, students who have a favorable and unfavorable descriptions of the classified ads differ in belief on the ads’ capacity to provide for their purposes or motives in reading them. Two, students who have and don’t have any action tendencies toward the classified ads differ in their belief on possible gains which can be derived from them. The study of attitude per se is complex thus further researches are recommended.Item A correlational study on the self-evaluation of job performance and job satisfaction among CAS-UPV teachersCabardo, Liberty Rose A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1997-04)The purpose of this study was to determine the job performance and job satisfaction of CAS-UPV teachers, and to examine the relationship between performance and satisfaction. Specifically, three elements were included in this study: (1) the self-evaluation of job performance among CAS-UPV teachers by division, educational attainment and years of teaching experience; (2) the self-reported job satisfaction among CAS- UPV teachers; and (3) the relationship between job performance and job satisfaction. A non-experimental correlation research design was used in this study. The population of the study consisted of all College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) teachers of the University of the Philippines in the Visayas (UPV), Miagao campus, Iloilo. Out of the 107 possible respondents, 74 respondents returned their questionnaire which had three parts: the PERSONAL INVENTORY PROFILE, the SELFEVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE ON JOB PERFORMANCE, and the JOB SATISFACTION SCALE. Using the one-way ANOVA, it was found that: (1) there was no significant difference in the self-evaluation of job performance when the CAS-UPV teachers were grouped according to division and educational attainment; (2) there was no significant difference in job satisfaction when the CAS-UPV teachers were grouped according to their respective division; (3) there was a significant difference in the self-evaluation of job performance when the CAS-UPV teachers were grouped according to years of teaching experience; (4) there was a significant difference on job satisfaction when the CAS-UPV teachers were grouped according to educational attainment and years of teaching experience; and (5) there was a significant relationship between job performance and job satisfaction.Item Electoral campaign of mayoral candidates of Leon, Iloilo in the 1992 electionCababasay, Ivy C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-10)This is a descriptive study of the electoral campaign of the six mayoral candidates of Leon, Iloilo in the 1992 election. The 1992 Leon mayoral candidates were Romulo Cabana, Neri Cabsaba. Alejandro Caelian. Jaime Calosing. Rodolfo Camarista and Ismael Candolada. This study aims to present a profile of the 1992 Leon mayoral candidates: to determine the campaign resources; to analyze the campaign organization and the campaign strategies of the mayoral candidates during the electoral campaign: to analyze the voters' choice and perceptions of the 1992 Leon mayoral electoral campaign; and, to analyze the electoral campaign of the mayoral candidates in the 1992 election in Leon. To satisfy these objectives, the researcher interviewed the mayoral candidates, some of their family members, their campaign staff and/or their representatives. A questionnaire was also formulated and was administered to the respondents. The findings of the study reveal that almost all of the mayoral candidates came from prominent families. Most of them came from the upper-middle class families except for Cabana and Cabsaba who considered their family as belonging to the lower class. Except for Romulo Cabana, all mayoral candidates in the 1992 election in Leon were college graduates. Except for Calosing and Camarista all four mayoral candidates had ran for an elective office prior to the 1992 election. The campaign resources, particularly the material resources of a candidate were the determining factor in the success of his electoral campaign. It was also found out that most of the mayoral candidates have no formal structural organization in their electoral campaign except for Cabana and Calosing. Campaign strategies common among the mayoral candidates were holding of caucus in the barangays, distribution of leaflets, stickers, sample ballots and posting of streamers and other campaign materials. Character assasination and mudslinging were also present in the campaign. Voters were more interested in the personal issues raised against the mayoral candidates than their proposed programs of government or public concerns. They (voters) voted for the mayoral candidate based on the latter's personality or personal attributes. Personalities are more remembered than social and political issues. Although there was vote-buying in the 1992 election, the mayoral candidates and the voters themselves considered it peaceful and orderly due to the absence of violence.Item The pharmacological screening of Moringa oleifera Lam.Burgos, Karen J. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1998-07)Moringa oleifera, Lam, or malunggay, belongs to Family Moringaceae. The medicinal value of this plant has long been recognized in folk medicine. Not all the claims, however, are proven scientifically. This study aimed to (1) test the crude extracts from the seeds and leaves of M. oleifera for pharmacological properties and (2) to compare its efficacy with the drugs commonly used to alleviate particular ailment. Phytochemical assay for alkaloid using Culvenor-Fitzgerald method was done to test the presence of alkaloids. The dried seeds and young leaves were extracted with methanol and concentrated under reduced pressure at 45°C. The resulting extracts were partitioned and used for the different assays: Brine shrimp assay for cytotoxicity, Acetic acid-induced writhing assay for analgesic activity, Charcoal tracing assay for antispasmodic activity and paper disc diffusion method for antimicrobial activity. Result showed that only the seeds have alkaloids. Toxicity test revealed that the seeds are practically non-toxic but the leaves were toxic with an LC50 of 550 μg/mL after 24 hours of exposure. Of the two extracts, only the leaves exhibited analgesic activity although not as effective as Mefenamic Acid in reducing pain. The leaf extract, was also found active against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The seed extract was active only against B. subtilis. Both extracts, however, are not as effective as the antibiotic drug, Amoxicillin. Results also showed that both extracts do not have antispasmodic activity. The study confirmed the antimicrobial and analgesic activities for the use of the leaves of this plant in folk medicine.Item A study on the level of political cynicism and level of political efficacy of the people of Pavia, IloiloBugna, Emelyn L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-05)Since political cynicism and political efficacy are essential elements in the working of a political system, we must acknowledge the necessity of investigating the elements, mode and extent of their development, and the nature of their relationship. This study hopes to unravel the relationship between political cynicism and political efficacy. It also seeks to analyse the bearing of some variables on the level of political cynicism and political efficacy. Given these objectives, a survey was conducted in Pavia, Iloilo with a total of 150 respondents. The Political Cynicism Scale (PCS), developed by a graduate seminar on Political Socialization at the Massachusettes Institute of Technology in 1961, was adopted as the principal measure to determine the level of political cynicism of the respondents. On the other hand, the Political Efficacy Scale (PES), which was developed by Campbell and modified by Jurado, was utilized to gauge the level of political efficacy of the respondents. There are two views prevailing regarding the relationship between political cynicism and political efficacy. One view holds that a sense of political cynicism goes hand in hand with a politically efficacious feeling, while the alternative view maintains that a person who is politically cynical tend to be politically inefficacious. There have also been assumptions that there are individuals who do not feel politically cynical but are politically efficacious. The findings of this study reveal that majority of the people of Pavia, Iloilo are high in political cynicism. It has also been found out that majority of the Pavian- hons do not feel politically efficacious. Moreover, although the respondents are widely distributed in the different relationship categories, the high cynicism-low efficacy category registers a relatively higher frequency distribution. Finally, the study reveals that only age and occupation among the various socio-economic variables are significantly related with political cynicism. It has been found out that as one grows older, his sense of political cynicism decreases. As regards occupation, blue-collar workers tend to be more politically cynical than white collar workers. None of the variables are found to have a relation with with political efficacy.Item The Halaran Festival in CapizBueno, Grace Angeli L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1988-05)This is a local, descriptive study on the Halaran celebration in Roxas City, the capital of the province of Capiz. It sets out to contribute data on the historical, religious and folkloristic aspects of the said festival. The study has the following objectives: to trace the origin and history of the Halaran celebration; to describe the manner of celebrating the Halaran festival; and to analyse the celebration as reflective of the local culture and values of Capiz. Data were gathered through unstructured interviews and questionnaires and library researches. The researcher also made use the method of participant observation. The study revealed that there is only one popular version of the origin of the Halaran which was passed on orally from one generation to another. It was said that Halaran first came into being during the settlement of the six Bornean datus headed by Sumakwel in Panay Island. The first Halaran happened in Punta Cogon, Roxas City. The manner of celebrating the Halaran festival evolved through the years, major changes in the date, place, duration and activities has been introduced to meet the demands of the changing society. The pagan aspects of the Halaran such as the babaylan, the incantations, the ethnic dances and the re-enactment of the ritual had been eliminated. In its place are the Christian practices brought about by the introduction of Christianity in the country during the period of colonization by the Spaniards. Among these are the masses, mass weddings, mass confirmation, mass baptism and many others. The study also revealed the Capiceño cultural values reflected in the manner they celebrate Halaran. It depicted the spirit of kinship, belongingness and the typical bayanihan spirit that is very much Filipino. It also brings out the gregarious and fun-loving spirit of the people, their hospitable nature and most of all, it depicts the peoples' piety. Halaran is a thanksgiving time, where people show their gratefulness to the Creator by giving or offering something special to their fellowmen - be it money, food or love, kindness and joy. Halaran is a way of life to the Capiceños. It expresses the value of sharing in daily lives, realising that as a way of life, this practice can bring to the people of Capiz a brighter and more secure future.Item A preliminary study on the freezing tolerance of milkfish (Chanos chanos, Forskal) embryosBuendia, Jeremiah C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-03)Milkfish embryos of blastula and C-shaped stages were tested for cryoprotectant toxicity using DMSO and glycerol at 10%, 12% and 15% concentrations. Survival and hatching as well as the effects of freezing were observed. Glycerol was more toxic than DMSO. Freezing at 4°C resulted in the decrease of hatching, and ice crystal formation killed the embryos during the process of freezing to -80°C. C-shaped embryos had a higher survival and hatching than the blastula stage embryos in the toxicity and cold shock tests.Item Subalternity in the Cebuano poems of Michael Obenieta: A postcolonial approach to the study of the selected Cebuano poems of Michael ObenietaBuac, Abigail C. (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-04)This study examines eleven Cebuano poems of Michael "Myke" Obenieta and reviews cultural-historical studies related to the concept of subalternity as an aspect of postcolonialism. The researcher examines the prevalent literary elements in each poem; discusses the subalterns. discourses in them; and ascertain the author's role in the Cebuano literary culture. The prevalent literary element in Myke's poems is imagery. Other literary elements present are similes, metaphors, personifications, and hyperboles which contribute to the effectiveness of imagery. The style of writing employed by the author is adopted from the Western way of writing — the free verse - although he uses the formal Cebuano language in presenting images of Cebuanos and the aspects of their everyday life. These eleven Cebuano poems contain symbols and images of subjugation, absorption, domination, and subordination which characterizes the Cebuanos as subalterns. The author is native of Cebu but he left the country to live in Kansas City for reasons not only for greener pastures but for a place where he could establish himself as a poet in the light of where he came from. Myke, as he explores the Cebuano culture and reflect them in these eleven poems, contribute to the development of the Cebuano literature; a new trend in the study of Cebuano literary culture.Item The effect of different levels of salinity on the spanning of ablated mudcrab Scylla serrataBueno, Jesse L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-04)Four salinity treatments with salinity levels of 15 ppt, 25 ppt, 35 ppt and 45 ppt with six replicates per treatment were utilized to determine its effect on the spawning of sexually mature bilaterally ablated mud crab Scylla serrata. The crabs range in weight from 250 grams to 580 grams and carapace width from 12.5 cm. to 16.5 cm. The results of the study showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the number of days when spawning occurred. The shortest duration when spawning occurred was at 25 ppt salinity with a mean value of 9.5 days. This was followed by 35 ppt and 15 ppt salinities with mean values of 15.69 days and 19.83 days respectively. Highest number of days when spawning occurred was at 45 ppt salinity at 24 days. All crabs died 2-3 days after spawning.Item Philippine Armed Forces different response towards different communists insurgents in the Island of Panay a comparative study on the 47th Infantry Battalion and 32nd Civil Relations UnitBrillantes, Jarrah S.; Tanate, Marianie C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)Communist insurgency is one of the most long withstanding national security problem in the Philippines. There has been no ebb in the counter insurgency measures of the government since the Marcos regime to the present. However, the changes in the communist organization brought about institutional changes on the military’s part. In the current counterinsurgency operations by the armed forces units, there is now an emphasis on unarmed approaches such as civil-military operations, propaganda, psychological warfare and socio-civic activities, instead of just solely conducting armed approaches. Linkages, coordination and collaboration with the local government units in promoting development became significant elements in counterinsurgency operations. This paper examines the different kinds of approaches undertaken by the 47th Infantry Battalion at Calinog, Iloilo and the Civil Relation Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (CRSAFP) in Camp Delgado, Iloilo City toward communist insurgents. The 47th IB and the 32nd CRU are currently conducting a triad approach in the counterinsurgency operations. This triad approach includes combat operations, intelligence and socio-civic operations. In delegating the command from commanding officer to the operating units, the chain of command is well observed and followed. In addressing the insurgency problem, the AFP units have high regards toward local government authorities. Education, training and years in service as well as coordination and cooperation with local civil counterparts affect their competence in operations undertaken.