Undergraduate Theses
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Item Print media exposure and the attitude of graduating mass and broadcast communication students toward classified adsCabanilla, Richelle T. (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1988-02)Hypothetically, frequency of exposure to an object or idea affects one’s attitude toward it. Such premise was used for this particular study. An attempt is made to determine if any relationship exists between exposure to print media, specifically to newspapers, and attitude toward the classified ads. Totalling 67 in all, graduating Mass and Broadcast Communication students of School Year 1986-87 in Iloilo City, were made as respondents. A set of questionnaires were handed out to them and the line of inquiry covered the areas from frequency of newspaper reading to behavioral inclinations or action tendencies toward the classified ads. Aside from trying to determine the frequency of exposure and what the respondents think of the ads, the questionnaire was also designed to deal with the three components of attitude: the cognitive, affective and the behavioral. One concept about the nature of attitude is taken from the Latent Process Viewpoint which incidentally is used as a guide in this study. The viewpoint surmises that attitude is a hidden mental or neural process which takes place in the individual. As such, one limitation in the study of attitude is that it is not directly observable. Inferences about one’s attitude can only be based from the study of overt behavioral responses. Theoretically, exposure is considered as the independent variable and attitude as the dependent variable. In actuality however, attitude is more of an intervening variable because the study focuses on the stimulus-response set-up with "attitude" seen as a possible explanation for the causation of response or responses to the stimulus. Based on the data gathered, the respondents are in general, favorably disposed toward the classified ads. The positive attitude is connected somehow with the respondents' belief that the classified section is primarily informative and entertaining at the same time. To prove or disprove the hypothesis, a contingency table was constructed for the computation of the chi-square. The table included the respondents’ frequency of newspaperreading and whether they like or dislike the ads. The computation of the chi-square nullifies the hypothesis that students who like and dislike the classified ads differ in their frequency of reading the newspapers. Similarly, based on the data gathered, a couple of hypotheses were formulated. One, students who have a favorable and unfavorable descriptions of the classified ads differ in belief on the ads’ capacity to provide for their purposes or motives in reading them. Two, students who have and don’t have any action tendencies toward the classified ads differ in their belief on possible gains which can be derived from them. The study of attitude per se is complex thus further researches are recommended.Item The Halaran Festival in CapizBueno, Grace Angeli L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1988-05)This is a local, descriptive study on the Halaran celebration in Roxas City, the capital of the province of Capiz. It sets out to contribute data on the historical, religious and folkloristic aspects of the said festival. The study has the following objectives: to trace the origin and history of the Halaran celebration; to describe the manner of celebrating the Halaran festival; and to analyse the celebration as reflective of the local culture and values of Capiz. Data were gathered through unstructured interviews and questionnaires and library researches. The researcher also made use the method of participant observation. The study revealed that there is only one popular version of the origin of the Halaran which was passed on orally from one generation to another. It was said that Halaran first came into being during the settlement of the six Bornean datus headed by Sumakwel in Panay Island. The first Halaran happened in Punta Cogon, Roxas City. The manner of celebrating the Halaran festival evolved through the years, major changes in the date, place, duration and activities has been introduced to meet the demands of the changing society. The pagan aspects of the Halaran such as the babaylan, the incantations, the ethnic dances and the re-enactment of the ritual had been eliminated. In its place are the Christian practices brought about by the introduction of Christianity in the country during the period of colonization by the Spaniards. Among these are the masses, mass weddings, mass confirmation, mass baptism and many others. The study also revealed the Capiceño cultural values reflected in the manner they celebrate Halaran. It depicted the spirit of kinship, belongingness and the typical bayanihan spirit that is very much Filipino. It also brings out the gregarious and fun-loving spirit of the people, their hospitable nature and most of all, it depicts the peoples' piety. Halaran is a thanksgiving time, where people show their gratefulness to the Creator by giving or offering something special to their fellowmen - be it money, food or love, kindness and joy. Halaran is a way of life to the Capiceños. It expresses the value of sharing in daily lives, realising that as a way of life, this practice can bring to the people of Capiz a brighter and more secure future.Item TV exposure and study habits of UPV high school studentsBrasileño, Hazel Alice P. (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1987-03)This study was conducted to find out the level of television exposure of high school students, to know their study habits, and to find out the relationship between TV exposure and the study habits of UPV high school students. A study was conducted among VP Visayas High School students, where a total of 137 respondents from first, second, third, and fourth year levels provided the major data of the study. A three-page questionnaire was the instrument used in gathering data. It included: respondent’s level of exposure to TV and the student’s study habits. The least part related TV exposure with study habits. Findings revealed that there is 99% television viewer- ship which means that there is a high level of TV exposure among respondents. Number of hours of viewing ranges from 30 minutes to a maximum of six hours. Most of the programs watched were foreign canned shows and were entertainment in nature. Preferred viewing schedule of most students is 7-9 p.m. Findings also showed that most (54%) of the parents imposed restrictions on their children’s viewing, particularly on the number of hours students watched TV. On the other hand, ninety-six percent (96%) of the students studied their lessons. For those who studied majority do 30 everyday for a minimum of 30 minutes and a maximum of three hours. Students preferred to study between 8-10 p.m. Students study mainly to attain high grades. In relating TV exposure and study habits results showed that TV viewing consumes most of the free time of students and that time slotted for study is utilized for viewing the medium. However, TV viewing is also helpful to the students in that it gives them information and ideas which they applied to their lessons. The chi-square test for independence was used to find out if there is a relationship between the two variables TV exposure and study habits. Results showed that there is a relationship between TV exposure and study habits, that is, the more exposed the students are to TV, the greater is the probability that the number of time spent for studying will be lessened.Item A study on the preference of the UPV Social Science student between violence and non-violence as a progress on change in the Philippine societyBerlin, Sharon Joy (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1983-04)The study was conducted among 100 students of the Division of Social Sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Iloilo City. It attempted to answer the following questions: 1. Violence and Non-violence: which would the students prefer in changing society? 2. Is their preference related to some observable factors like sex, religiousity and family income? 3. What is the attitude of students towards the present government? The respondents were almost unanimous (94%) in their belief that Philippine society needs social changes. Moreover, they perceived the monopoly of power by the few’ as the primary problem of the nation. In the question of political preferences between the different methods of social transformation a considerable number (59%) preferred the use of both violent and nonviolent conduct in effecting changes. When factors like sex, religiousity and family income, were subjected to Chi —Square test, the result is as follows: 1. Female students were not politically less violent than their male counterparts. 2. The more religious the student the less likely he is violent. 3.High family income do not necessarily produce a preference on non-violent method. As to the third question, "What is the attitude of students towards the present Government?", there was a high (91%) percentage that the present government works for the service of the few. A moderate number (52%) believed that the government can not solve the country’s problem, but in terms of the national leadership, a considerable number (61%) categorized it as fairly responsive.Item The socio-economic profile of the saltmakers in Barangay San Rafael, Manudurriao, Iloilo CityBedonia, Rosie J. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visaya, 1986-12)In general, the study was conducted to find out the socio-economic conditions of saltmakers in Barangay San Rafael, Mandurriao, Iloilo City. Specifically, the objectives of the study are: 1) to know the process of making salt in Barangay San Rafael; 2) to know the social- economic, and demographic characteristics of saltmakers; 5) to determine the membership and participation of salt- makers in organisations; 4) to know the problems of saltmakers regarding their work; and, 5) to be able to make recommendations based on the findings of the study. The study was conducted in Barangay San Rafael, Man— durriao, Iloilo City, where the salt industry is located. The respondents of the study are limited only to saltmakers who are residents of the said barangay., Third— ty (30) respondents were chosen as sample for the study through the use of the simple random sampling technique. An interview schedule was used to gather data and was administered by the researcher herself. Simple frequency counts, percentages, and averages were used to describe the socio-economic and demographic profile of saltmakers. The results of the study revealed that the process used in making salt in Barangay San Rafael is a conventional solar process used in making evaporation of seawater. The results also revealed that most saltmakers are working full-time, and have low education, host of the respondents belong to a nuclear type of family composed of a father, mother, and children. The total number of household members is 151, with an average size of six (6) members. Most of their household members are going to school, and there are more who are in the elementary level. The average household monthly income of saltmakers is Pl,500.32, 30 percent of which comes from saltmaking alone. Their average household monthly expenditures is Pl,000.52. They also live in a house that is semi-permanent, which ismade up of bamboo, lawanit, and galvanized iron. Their common household furniture is a radio. From the results of the study, the researcher concludes that the saltmakers are more or less within the poverty threshold of income. This conclusion is supported by Hr. Bernardo Villegas of the Center for Research and Communication. He said, “For a family of six (6) to live in animal or biological existence means the ’whole family has to earn an income of P2,000 a month." Most of the saltmakers are members of various community organizations like the Barangay Tanod (33%), Barangay Council (20$), Barangay Health Organization (1O%), and the Lupon (10%). Out of 18 saltmakers who are members of organizations, thirteen (13) belong to the high-income group and five (5) to the low-income group. This implies that the higher income group have the tendency to join organizations more than those of the low income group. However, the study revealed that the low-income groups are more active in their participation in organizational activities than the high-income groups. The common problems confronting the saltmakers are their low salary and the difficulty to find a job during rainy season when the salt industry stops its operation. Based on the results of the study, the researcher would like to recommend that the government should take steps in developing the salt industry in the country as there are more people who are dependent on saltmaking for their subsistence. The government must do something to encourage more capitalists to invest their money in salt- making so that the people in the poverty-stricken communities along the seaside will have source of income for their living. The government should help the saltmakers find jobs during rainy season as saltmaking can only be done during dry season. Lastly, the researcher recom- mends to the saltmakers of Barangay San Rafael Mandurriao to form a group and work together to demand an increase of salary from the salt bed owners.Item Guerilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay: History and significanceAntiquiera, Remigio G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1989-03)This is a research paper on the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay from April 15, 1942, up to the final disbandment of the different guerrilla units on July 31, 1945. The objectives of the study are: to find out the origin, goals, and objectives of the guerrilla movement in Oton; to identify the persons involve in the founding of the guerrilla movement in the area during the Japanese occupation of Panay; and to find out the significance of the guerrilla movement in Oton in relation to Panay's struggle to be liberated from the Japanese forces. The purpose of this study is to present, in a descriptive manner, the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay. The sources used are published and unpublished materials of soldiers and guerrillas, regarding their activities and experiences during the occupations. Also, the researcher was able to interview persons were actively participating in the guerrilla movement at that time, and other persons who had witnessed the Japanese occupation. The study was able to bring into light the nature of the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay and its significance in the defeat of the Japanese. The guerrillas of Oton, together with other unite attached to the 63rd RCT, were able to fill the gap in the overall plan of resistance in the southern towns of Iloilo. It was their active resistance that help facilitate the drive of the Americans to liberate the southern part of Iloilo. This, subsequently, weakened the southern defenses of the Japanese and enabled the combined force of Filipinos and Americans to liberate the rest of Panay.Item A study on the performance of the regulatory functions of the Kapisanan ng mga Broadcaster sa Pilipinas Iloilo ChapterAdvincula, Rebecca (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1987-03)Generally, regulations are viewed as important factors in the functions of an industry or organization. Like any other industry, broadcasting needs to he regulated. The Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas is a self-regulatory body which implements regulations affecting the programming operations of the Broadcast stations. However, not all regulations are said to be followed by the stations. It is in this regard that this study was conducted. Three factors were considered in finding out whether KBP regulations are important to the operations of the stations: the importance and necessity of these regulations; the capability of the KBP in implementing these regulations; and the extent of public participation between KBP and its member stations. The necessity level was determined by a study of each regulatory function, the activities covered by these regulations, and the relative need of the stations to these regulations. The capability level was determined by a study on the frequent observance of the stations to the regulations, the objectives of the respondent stations, and the major output, organizational structure, and budget of the KBP as a regulatory body. Public participation was determined by a study of the frequency used modes of interaction involved in the implementation of the regulations, the problems met in the process, and the respondent stations' rating/assessment of the KBP. The study made use of the one-shot survey design with interview schedule and use of questionnaires as main instruments. The respondents for the KBP are the station managers, while respondents for the regulated are the production staff of the local stations. A total of twelve stations were taken as respondents for the study. Results showed too many regulations are imposed by the KBP and are not strictly followed by the stations. Regulations that are mostly followed are those which pertain to the presentation of news while those often violated pertain to public commentaries and issues, the presentation of materials regarding sex and violence and the airing of commercials. Results showed that these regulations are necessary to maintain a certain level of excellence and professionalism in the broadcast industry, Likewise, the KBP is capable of implementing regulations to the station , as shown by the constant interaction between the regulator and the regulated.Item A study of the performance of the marketing intermediaries at the Iloilo fishing port complexAcanto, Jan B. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1989-03)This research study presents an analysis on the performance of the marketing intermediaries at the Iloilo fishing Port Complex. The following types of intermediaries are involved in marketing fish landed at IFPC: brokers, wholesalers, bulanteros, and retailers. Brokers assemble and dispose the fish of producers while the wholesalers, bulanteros and retailers create the forms, time and place utilities. The results show that fish marketing intermediaries perform functions which are vital in the fish marketing system. Average costs per week were ₱13.67, ₱46.54 and ₱77.26 per tub for the brokers, wholesalers, and retailers, respectively. The average volume handled per week is 4,641.17 kilograms. Cost and returns analysis for all intermediaries showed that the average not return above total cost is ₱2.36 per kilogram. The average total income above total cost is ₱10,953.18 per week. The rate of return to capital, operator’s labor, and entrepreneurship is 14.49 percent. Efficiency of each type of intermediary _ could not be measured due to the fact that the sample size of each type is not sufficient to obtain significant results. In relation to this, a further study that could measure the efficiency of each intermediary is recommended by the researcher.