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Undergraduate Theses

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/13

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Ticao, Cynthia J.SDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 8 - Decent work and economic growth

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    Agrarian reform implementation in Barangay Indag-an, Miag-ao, Iloilo
    Beñosa, Zoraida P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-03)
    Agrarian Reform is a program set by the government to correct socio-economic imbalances by distributing lands to the farmers who are landless It is a means of uplifting the farmers from social inequalities and the bondage of poverty. Given the nature of the program, it is therefore important to assess the effectiveness of Agrarian Reform Implementation in the community level. Specifically, this is a study of Agrarian Reform Implementation in barangay Indag-an, Miag-ao, Iloilo. The objectives of the study are to describe the processes involved in the implementation of Agrarian Reform in Indag-an, to identify the benefits and support services extended by the program to its beneficiaries, to assess the effectiveness particularly the strengths and weaknesses of the program as perceived by its beneficiaries, to describe the relative effects on male and female household members and lastly, to draw implications on how to improve the Agrarian Reform implementation in the community level. Given these objectives, data were gathered from 35 respondents through a focus group discussion method. Personal interview and a case study were also done to assess the effectiveness of the program. The findings revealed that some beneficiaries believed that they benefitted from the program. Others, however, were a bit cynical towards its implementation. They claimed that the program was biased in Its implementation wherein it caters to the demands of the landlords disregarding the needs and problems of the farmers concerning the distribution of lands. The study further revealed that the support services extended by the program to farmer-beneficiaries centered mainly on agricultural extension, agricultural credit, education and trainings, cooperatives and legal services. Other support services such as infrastructures, health assistance, potable water supply and irrigation system were not provided by the program. As to the strengths and weaknesses of the program, it has been found out that the farmers repressed an ambivalent view about its implementation. They perceived the program as both having strengths and weaknesses wherein the former focused mainly on the processes involved in the distribution of lands while the latter focused more on the insufficient support services provided by the program. Finally, the study revealed that majority of the beneficiaries was male and women beneficiaries comprise only a small number. The male beneficiaries dominated the farm works, relegating women to household chores and aspects of farm work such as planting, weeding, preparing and bringing the food to the fields. However, women were given the opportunity as men in giving opinions, airing their views in the organization. Generally, both had gained from the program, where each has his/her role in farm production, even though the extent of their benefits varies
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    Marketing of Pina fiber in Balete, Aklan
    Barrios, Jerson T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1995-12-01)
    This study describes and analyses the different marketing channels, functions, costs, margins, and the different problems encountered by both producers of pina and middlemen of pina fiber in Balete, Aklan. Of the four barangay sampled, primary data were obtained from ten (10) producers who were asked about their recent halved, and 34 middlemen were consequently interviewed based on their last week’s operations. Results of the study show that out of the 40.200 pina leaves harvested by producers, scrapers absorbed the bulk or 69.71 %(24,900), while the legist fraction of .99% was token by producer-scrapers-trader. Highest prices paid for pina leaves at P0.35 was accorded by producer-scrapper-knotter while scraper-knotter offered the least price at P.25. Despite of the five marketing activities performed, and corresponding costs on marketing Investments, producers still incurred positive financial net farm price of P.217. By marketing functions, seven types of middlemen were observed, namely: scrapers, producer-scrapers, scraper-knotters, producer-scraper-knotter, knotters, producer-scraper-trader, and traders—who essentially perform an overlap of functions. Though all types of middlemen incurred positive gross margin, not everyone experienced positive not margins and net returns. With the bulk of transactions disposed by traders (1,668.125 leaves) and producer-scraper trader (2,000 leaves), these two types of middlemen received positive financial net margins and returns. Of the different marketing problems cited, majority the majority of producers and middlemen were unanimous in pointing at low price of the product as their biggest constraint Other than the need to increase the price, organizing a cooperative and support from the local government, this study suggests, that due to foe duplication of function among types of middlemen, specialization on a particular function (e.g, scraper or knotter— alone) is a must in order to curb the circuitous and dragging flow of the product and lessen costs on labor.
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    Economics of copra production in selected barangays of Buenavista, Guimaras
    Aranda, Odessa T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Art and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-11)
    This paper provides a background and baseline information on the prevailing profile of copra production and profitability with the use of thirty-five producers based in Buenavista, Guimaras. This study also gave an overview on the problems encountered by copra producers and provided recommendations for the improvement of the local copra industry. Costs and returns analysis showed that average costs in copra production was P9.14/kg. Of the average costs, average fixed costs, average variable costs, and opportunity costs accounted for .33%, 26.59%, and 73.08%, respectively. Average fixed costs was P.03/kg where a third (33.33%) can be attributed to depreciation costs (P.02/kg). As to the average variable costs of the respondents, P2.43/kg was incurred which was primarily attributed by cost of hired labor (P89.71). Opportunity costs/kg for all producers was P6.68. The major opportunity costs (81.44%) was the implicit cost of coconuts. Average revenue was P9.43/kg. As a whole, the respondents gained P6.97/kg financial profit. Meanwhile, gross profit was P7.00 for all respondents. Copra producers in Buenavista, Guimaras earned a positive P0.29/kg economic profit. Payback period of 4.56 years, 7.30% return on investment, and 11.93% return on variable costs were other measures used to deterimine profitability in copra production.