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Undergraduate Theses

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/13

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Janagap, Steve P.SDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 12 - Responsible consumption and production

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    Antibacterial activity, antioxidant property and photochemical analysis of crude ethanolic extract from Dalanghita (Citrus nobilis) peels
    Aglobo, Jastine S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)
    The crude ethanolic extract of Dalanghita (Citrus nobilis) was studied for their antibacterial activity, antioxidant and phytochemical properties. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay of extracts with varying concentrations showed strong antioxidant activity with a maximum % inhibition of 92.30 at 80.70 ug/mL concentration. The IC50 was calculated to be 26.26 pg/mL against 12.48 ug/mL for Ascorbic acid, the positive control. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by measuring the mean zones of inhibition using the paper disc diffusion assay at different concentration of crude ethanolic extract. The crude ethanol extract at 100% concentration yielded the highest inhibition for E. coli at 21.50±0.50 mm which is comparable to tetracycline, the positive control. The presence of phytochemicals in the extract were evaluated and the phytochemicals identified were: alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenes.
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    Antibacterial agent-loaded water-in-oil-water (W/O/W) emulsion
    Aguilar, Ma. Arianne Lou C. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)
    In this study, a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion incorporated with an antibacterial agent using polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), whey protein isolate (WPI) and lecithin as emulsifying agents under ultrasonication was prepared. Micrographs of the emulsions formed showed small droplet sizes with an average range of 0.07 — 8.7 μm which indicates that the emulsification process was effective. However, the emulsion was only stable for 7 days. Natural and synthetic antibacterial agents were then loaded into the W/O/W emulsion. A solution of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) was chosen as the synthetic antibacterial agent to be loaded into the W/O/W emulsion because of its established stability and antibacterial efficacy against Gram—positive and Gram—negative bacteria. On the other hand, Psidium guajava (guava) was chosen as the natural antibacterial agent to be loaded because of its abundance and folkloric use to treat wounds. The CHG—loaded emulsion showed a mean zone of inhibition equal to 11.3 ± 2.1 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 12.0 ±1.0 mm against Escherichia coli. The Psidium guajava (guava) — loaded emulsion on the other hand showed no inhibitory activity which suggests that the bioactive component of the guava may have been destroyed during sonication process. The results of this study showed that a synthetic antibacterial agent loaded - W/O/W emulsion was more effective than the natural antibacterial agent loaded — W/O/W emulsion.