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Undergraduate Theses

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    Spontaneous formation of silver nanoparticles in humid acid-rich water of Santa Barbara, Iloilo
    Cadelina, Mary Dored Ann D. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)
    Humic acid (HA) - rich water of Sta. Barbara, Iloilo is successful in acting as a reducing and capping agent in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-Visible spectroscopy was used to determine the effect of irradiation time, varying HA and AgNO3 concentration, and electrolyte addition. Furthermore, the bactericidal efficacy of AgNPs was evaluated using broth microdilution method. Measurement of AgNPs was done using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lower irradiation time (10- 40 min) shows an increasing absorbance trend. However, absorbance decreased and showed bathochromic shifts when irradiated at longer times (50-60 min). AgNP formulations of 40 ppm HA with 4 mM AgNO3 and 50 ppm HA with 4 mM AgNO3 showed the highest peak intensity for varying AgNO3 and HA concentration, respectively. These results were found in both irradiated and un-irradiated samples. Aggregation occurred upon the addition of 50 mM, 100 mM, and 500 mM NaCl but was more prominent at 500 mM NaCl. Dialyzed and un-dialyzed AgNPs have bactericidal activity. However, un-dialyzed AgNP was a more effective treatment because it showed a bactericidal activity up to 1:16 dilution for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as compared to the dialyzed AgNPs which showed a bactericidal activity up to 1:4 for S. aureus and 1:8 for E. coli. The dialyzed AgNPs are polydispersed but were mostly small with sizes less than 10 nm based on the TEM image.
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    Resist the urge: Exploring the sources of abstinence self-efficacy of drug rehabilitation residents in Iloilo City
    Boston, Marycon Anne C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Integrating Albert Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory in substance abuse, this study seeks to identify the factors which contribute to abstinence self-efficacy of illicit drug users. In evaluating the sources of efficacy: mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion, and emotional arousal, drug rehabilitation residents (n =139) in Iloilo were administered scales and questionnaires. A Pearson product-moment correlation was utilized to examine the relationship of the sources and abstinence efficacy. Eight residents with the highest and lowest efficacy ratings were interviewed, and two focused group discussions were conducted to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship of the variables. Results of the quantitative analysis indicated that the four hypothesized sources do not significantly correlate with drug abstinence efficacy. Cognitive appraisal through assessing the difficulty of abstinence, personal control, and the varying interpretation of experiences served as mediators in affecting efficacy. The physical cravings elicited by drug use prevents the residents to develop self-efficacy and be positively influenced by the external factors. Given that self-efficacy can predict future performance or outcome, the findings aid in enhancing rehabilitation interventions crucial for building efficacy and lifetime abstinence.