Undergraduate Theses
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Item Electoral campaign of mayoral candidates of Leon, Iloilo in the 1992 electionCababasay, Ivy C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-10)This is a descriptive study of the electoral campaign of the six mayoral candidates of Leon, Iloilo in the 1992 election. The 1992 Leon mayoral candidates were Romulo Cabana, Neri Cabsaba. Alejandro Caelian. Jaime Calosing. Rodolfo Camarista and Ismael Candolada. This study aims to present a profile of the 1992 Leon mayoral candidates: to determine the campaign resources; to analyze the campaign organization and the campaign strategies of the mayoral candidates during the electoral campaign: to analyze the voters' choice and perceptions of the 1992 Leon mayoral electoral campaign; and, to analyze the electoral campaign of the mayoral candidates in the 1992 election in Leon. To satisfy these objectives, the researcher interviewed the mayoral candidates, some of their family members, their campaign staff and/or their representatives. A questionnaire was also formulated and was administered to the respondents. The findings of the study reveal that almost all of the mayoral candidates came from prominent families. Most of them came from the upper-middle class families except for Cabana and Cabsaba who considered their family as belonging to the lower class. Except for Romulo Cabana, all mayoral candidates in the 1992 election in Leon were college graduates. Except for Calosing and Camarista all four mayoral candidates had ran for an elective office prior to the 1992 election. The campaign resources, particularly the material resources of a candidate were the determining factor in the success of his electoral campaign. It was also found out that most of the mayoral candidates have no formal structural organization in their electoral campaign except for Cabana and Calosing. Campaign strategies common among the mayoral candidates were holding of caucus in the barangays, distribution of leaflets, stickers, sample ballots and posting of streamers and other campaign materials. Character assasination and mudslinging were also present in the campaign. Voters were more interested in the personal issues raised against the mayoral candidates than their proposed programs of government or public concerns. They (voters) voted for the mayoral candidate based on the latter's personality or personal attributes. Personalities are more remembered than social and political issues. Although there was vote-buying in the 1992 election, the mayoral candidates and the voters themselves considered it peaceful and orderly due to the absence of violence.Item A survey study on the motivations, gender roles and gender perspectives of elected women officials in Iloilo Province from 1988-1992Belloga, NC C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1995-12-12)One hundred elected Iloggas from 28 municipalities of Iloilo Province were interviewed to define their demographic profile, motivations in joining the electoral politics, gender roles, and perspectives based on selected sociopolitical gender issues. This study revealed that most of the respondents are married, aged 40 to 74, have an average of 4- 5 children. Majority of them acquired secondary education, and only 28% are degree holders with female gender courses such as BS Nursing, BS Education, and BS Commerce. Most of these women entered politics in 1988, and most of them came from political clans in their municipalities. All of them joined civic or religious organizations in their municipality. Majority of the respondents supported or initiated government projects during their term of office in the areas of beautification, sanitation, health, and environment arid mostly are geared towards the upliftment of the standard of living in their areas. This study established that most of the respondents performed traditionally female gender roles such as housekeepers, wives and mothers. They also assumed male gender roles such as elected public servant and farmer. Only a few performed non-gender roles such as being a student and engaged in business. Majority of them assumed a triple role? by simultaneously fulfilling their domestic reproduction, production and community management obligations. Majority of these women officials were initially motivated to join politics by their desire to serve the people. Most of them are hesitant to join because they lack political knowledge and public service experience. However, despite of their hesitations, these women decided to run for public office because of the assured support given by their family and friends. Majority of these women did not perceive that their being women marginalizes them in politics. Instead, they view such factor victory which proved that constituents preferred them over leading to their male candidates. Most of these women did not perceive that politics is a man's world with reference to the success of Cory Aquino and Miriam Santiago as female politicians. Majority of then? qualified their opinion on woman's exclusive dominion of home, arguing that women cam only go beyond their household duties if they know they are capable to perform public functions. They define their gender role in Philippine society as helpers, assistants and character molders of the youth. Majority of these women also qualified their opinion on the equality of men and women, asserting that in terms of physical capabilities men are more superior and in areas such as home management arid child tearing. Majority of these women did not perceive that Filipino society is a male-biased society. They view women as capable of occupying national political positions ar?d bias numeric advantage over men. However, majority agreed that Filipino women occupy subordinate roles to men in society because women are weak, less aggressive, receive insufficient support, and have scarce opportunities. Most of the respondents find politics difficult, especially in settling disputes. They contend that once they gained the? respect, of their constituents, they feel competent to tackle the tasks. It is evident that women politicians still adhere to the patriarchal belief and have unresolved gender definition, which are contributory factors to the discrimination of women in politics.Item Batog kag Aya-ay: The politics of ecological consciousness of the presidents of Barangay Pantalan President Roxas, CapizBañez, Ma. Arve (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1992-03-01)This study examines the folk consciousness on the environment of the residents of Barangay Pantalan, President Roxas, Capiz. A combination of the etic and emic approaches in social sciences was used to make sense out of the informations gathered from the field. This study also identifies Man as Master of Nature, Man and Nature in Antagonism, Man in Harmony with Nature, and Nature as Sacred as the different relationships between human being and Nature. These different relationships between human being and Nature are contained- in the two broad opposing rationalities, namely, Speciesism and Environmentalism. An ethnocartography of Barangay Pantalan is constituted in this study using the folk sense of direction and orientation. In addition, the study examines the folk beliefs and practices built around man-made structure, sea, and the flora and the fauna. This study concludes with a discussion of the politics of environmentalism. Human being does not dominate Nature nor Nature dominates human being in this politics of environmentalism. The same politics embodies ethical dimensions which check the drift toward the destruction of the environment.