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    Development of probiotics determination of LD50 of previously isolated indigenous vibriolytic bacteria, Pseudomonas aerugginosa JP4, to Penaeus monodon postlarvae
    Billena, Ma. Thesa M. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2000-06)
    Previous studies showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa JP4 is effective in eliminating pathogenic Vibrio spp. on shrimp. However, virulence studies on this strain are lacking. Hence, this study was conducted to test the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa JP4, using different bacterial densities of 105, 106, 107, 108, 109 and 1010 CFU/ml. These were introduced to Penaeus monodon postlarvae 13 (PL13)and early juvenile (PL25) stages. After 3 days of monitoring, mortality rates and LD50 values were determined using Reed-Muench method. Results showed that shrimps can not tolerate higher bacterial densities with LD50 of 1.15 x 107 CFU/ml and 1.12 x 108 CFU/ml for PL13 and PL25 respectively. The relatively high LD50 values on shrimp stages PL13 and PL25 indicate a low virulence of the bacterial strain. Hence, P. aeruginosa JP4 maybe used as potential vibriolytic bacteria.
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    Growth performance, feed utilization and survival against stress test of juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed with lactic acid bacteria (lab) Pediococcus acidilactici
    So, April Dawn P. (University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    The present study evaluated the growth performance, feed utilization and survival against stress test of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings (mean initial average body weight 0.39g ± 0.01) fed with commercial probiotics. The experimental design was randomized, with four treatments and four replicates: Treatment 1 (control) with 0g kg-1 probiotics inclusion, Treatment 2 with lg kg1 probiotics inclusion, Treatment 3 with 2g kg'1 probiotics inclusion and Treatment 4 with 4g kg'1 probiotics inclusion. Three hundred and twenty fingerlings were distributed in 16 50L containers and fed for 40 days. Differences in the mean values of total weight were found at the end of the experiment. After 40 days of feeding trial, percent weight gain (%WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly high (P < 0.05) in treatments with probiotics compared to probiotic-free treatments; no differences on survival rate (SR) was observed among dietary treatments. The best growth performance and feed conversion was observed in fishes fed with 4g kg'1 probiotics inclusion. Challenge was done immediately after the period of application. The stress challenge test was done to the experimental animals by exposure to oxygen deficient water or asphyxia. No significant difference (P < 0.05) on SR was observed after 3 hours exposure to asphyxia. It could be concluded that probiotics can improve growth performance and feed utilization. However, further studies are recommended to assess the effects of probiotics to fish when exposed to asphyxia.