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    Economics of copra production in selected barangays of Buenavista, Guimaras
    Aranda, Odessa T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Art and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-11)
    This paper provides a background and baseline information on the prevailing profile of copra production and profitability with the use of thirty-five producers based in Buenavista, Guimaras. This study also gave an overview on the problems encountered by copra producers and provided recommendations for the improvement of the local copra industry. Costs and returns analysis showed that average costs in copra production was P9.14/kg. Of the average costs, average fixed costs, average variable costs, and opportunity costs accounted for .33%, 26.59%, and 73.08%, respectively. Average fixed costs was P.03/kg where a third (33.33%) can be attributed to depreciation costs (P.02/kg). As to the average variable costs of the respondents, P2.43/kg was incurred which was primarily attributed by cost of hired labor (P89.71). Opportunity costs/kg for all producers was P6.68. The major opportunity costs (81.44%) was the implicit cost of coconuts. Average revenue was P9.43/kg. As a whole, the respondents gained P6.97/kg financial profit. Meanwhile, gross profit was P7.00 for all respondents. Copra producers in Buenavista, Guimaras earned a positive P0.29/kg economic profit. Payback period of 4.56 years, 7.30% return on investment, and 11.93% return on variable costs were other measures used to deterimine profitability in copra production.
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    Anti-microbial activity of aqueous extracts from selected Philippine soft coral species
    Aguilar, Remotito A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1994-03)
    Five species of soft corals were collected from Taklong Islands Guimaras and then extracted with water. The aqueous extract was assayed for anti- microbial activity. Potent extracts were tested for its minimal inhibitory concentration against the most sensitive microorganisms. The equivalent potency was also determined using PEN VK as the standard antibiotic. Lobophyton was found to inhibit S. aureus at 50% concentration of the aqueous extract (ATCC 25923) while Sinuloria. sp. was found to inhibit the growth of both S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and B. subtilis (NSRI-1). Aqueous extracts of Lobophyton sp.has an equipotency of 6.64 units/ml of PEN VK against S. aureus, whereas aqueous extracts of Sinulcria sp. has a potency of 104 units/ml of PEN VK against B. subtilis.
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    Species composition, abundance, and distribution of sea anemone in the intertidal zones of Taklong Island and vicinity, Nueva Valencia, Guimaras
    Arisola, Danielle Vanessa E. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-04)
    Sea anemones are large solitary polyps that inhabit marine environments. They are the ocean dwelling members of Class Anthozoa under Phylum Cnidaria. These carnivorous animals are common along sea shores, in bays and estuaries but are never found in fresh waters. Sea anemones form a symbiotic relationship with many other marine animals which include anemonefishes and anemoneshrimps. Due to the very little information known about sea anemones in the Philippines, this study was conducted, which specifically focuses on the species composition, abundance, and distribution of sea anemones along the intertidal zones of Taklong Island and vicinity, Nueva Valencia, Guimaras. A total census was done along the intertidal areas around Taklong Island which includes five specific areas namely, Salangan (UP channel), Likuan (area from Salangan going to Takpan-lapad), Takpan-lapad, Kalaparan, and Talisay Cove; and Piagao Cove of Tandog Island. Five out of the 10 host species of sea anemone are found along the intertidal zones of Taklong Island and vicinity: Entacmea quadricolor and Macrodactyla doreensis which belong to the family Actiniidae; Heteractis crispa and Stichodactyla gigantea which belong to the family Stichodactylidae and Cryptodendrum adhaesivum which belongs to the family Thalassianthidae. Heteractis crispa was the most dominant species, comprising 77% of the total sea anemone population, followed by Stichodactyla gigantea with 11%, then by Entacmea quadricolor and Cryptodendrum adhaesivum with 5%. Macrodactyla doreensis was the rarest species comprising only 1.3% of the total population. All 5 species of sea anemones were host anemones that harbored a variety of marine organisms namely anemoneshrimps, clownfishes (Amphiprion clarkii, A. frenatus, A. perideraion, A. ocellaris, and Premnas biaculeatus) and an anemonefish Dascyllus trimaculatus. Some of these anemone-fish relationships are specific, such as the relationship of Amphiprion frenatus to Entacmea quadricolor. The different species of sea anemones varied in their locations, some species are located only in sandy substrates, some only in coralline substrates and some in both. Distribution of each species along the 6 areas included in the intertidal zones of Taklong Island and vicinity also varied. Species such as Cryptodendrum adhaesivum and Macrodactyla doreensis were found only in Talisay Cove while the other species were distributed along the 6 areas. Piagao Cove contained only Heteractis crispa and Talisay Cove contained all 5 species.