UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Techie nanay: Makabagong nanay para sa ligtas na buhayAzarraga, Alyssa Faye N.; Brazas, Jodelyn M.; Bordon, Jenn Margarette B.; Dofitas, Adrian Bernard A.; Gadong, Joshua Vincent Y.; Matinong, Kathleen Erica D.; Paguidopon, Cyril L.; Tabanar, Bianca Ysobel S.; Tantuan, Liza Beth F.; Temelo, Jason Andrei C.; Ynzon, Samuel P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Maternal mortality is an alarming problem in the Philippines and is usually caused by non-facility based deliveries (NFBD). In 2013, the DOH reported that the province of Iloilo has the highest maternal mortality rate in Western Visayas, and Maasin is located in this province. Among the 50 barangays of Maasin, Brgy. Abay was chosen due to its high cases of NFBD. This study was conducted to improve the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of women of reproductive age (WRA) towards maternal health and reduce the cases of non-facility based deliveries among pregnant women of Brgy. Abay, Maasin, Iloilo. The KAP of the WRA was improved through a series of lectures in a span of 4 weeks. In order to improve maternal health in Brgy. Abay, the team introduced a smartphone application called iNanay for the use of pregnant women and launched a web server database in the Rural Health Unit (RHU). Both components help in pregnancy monitoring. For the project sustainability, the mothers elected a core team called “KaakABAY”. Smartphones were given to 6 pregnant women in Brgy. Abay and they were taught by the KaakABAY about the features of the application. Since no delivery took place within the six-week immersion, the effectivity of the iNanay app was solely evaluated by tracking the attendance of the pregnant women to their prenatal check-ups that were scheduled within the time of immersion.Item Oplan BAYANIHAN : kaBAYAN, Inodoro, iHandog sa mga Aeta Nating kababayanBalino, Beverly B.; Casidsid, Luzel Mytchz C.; De Pedro, Jobel D.; Dela Victoria, Jaysun D.; Garzon, Evita Flor L.; Heredia, Angelica Katrina A.; Jaranilla, Femm Dominique P.; Longno, Kathleen Joyce B.; Parreño, Karla B.; Yso, April Rose S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-03)Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are caused by parasitic worms or helminths that are transmitted to people through contaminated soil. The main species are the roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), the whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) and the hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale). It is more prevalent among children living in conditions of poor sanitation particularly in indigenous people (IP) groups in the Philippines. OPLAN BAYANIHAN (kaBAYAN, Inodoro iHandog sa mga Aeta Nating Kababayan) primarily aimed to decrease the prevalence of soil- transmitted helminthiasis (STH) among the Aeta children of Purok V, Barangay San Nicolas, Buenavista, Guimaras. A responsible and functional core group was organized to assist in the implementation and monitoring of the projects. A stool examination was conducted prior to the construction of toilet facilities and results showed that all 30 Aeta children tested were positive for STH. The post stool examination was not performed due to the strict compliance of the Municipal Health Office to their biannual mass de worming schedule, but it will be performed after the mass deworming in Sitio Serum Bukid on April 3, 2O14.The knowledge and awareness regarding soil-transmitted helminthiasis increased by 30% or more through interactive lectures on how to prevent and control STH and on the proper usage of personal protective equipment (PPE). The knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the Aetas regarding proper hygiene increased by 30% or more through interactive lectures and trainings on hand washing, tooth brushing, and grooming. Flyers were distributed among Aeta parents and storybooks were handed over to the Day Care Center of Sitio Serum Bukid, and Kindergarten and Elementary teachers of San Nicolas Primary School. Nine toilet facilities were constructed and the installation of a clean and potable water source is underway.Item Prevalence and risk factors for hypertension and obesity among public utility jeepney and tricycle drivers in Janiauy, IloiloBacallan, Jed Vincent; Caro, Miguel Angelo; Delos Reyes, Fate; Divinigracia, Bert Lorenz; Ehimplar, Annie Rose; Lavente, Hannah Gail; Mallorca, Tracy Roz; Tabañar, Jessa Andrea; Tubeo, Nikki Francheska; Villanueva, Ma. Sharee Lou (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)A cross sectional study was conducted in Janiuay, Iloilo, involving tricycle drivers and jeepney drivers. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension and obesity between public utility jeepney and tricycle drivers in Janiuay, Iloilo. A total of 165 respondents, jeepney (87) and tricycle (78), were measured with an aneroid sphygmomanometer and tape measure to determine the blood pressure and waist-hip ratio. An interview was also conducted to determine occupational factors and lifestyle habits. Results were analyzed through SPSS using Chi-square test, T-test and Odds ratio. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be greater in jeepney drivers (36.80%) compared to tricycle drivers (34.60%). The prevalence of obesity was found to be greater in tricycle drivers (46%) compared to jeepney drivers (45%). There is a significant difference in the occupational risk factors between jeepney drivers and tricycle drivers, years of driving, average trip time, kilometers travelled per day and number of trips per day (p<0.0005). However, working days per week (p<0.08) and working hours per day (p<0.30) showed no significant difference between two populations. The results of the odds ratio showed no significant effect in all lifestyle factors to hypertension and obesity. There is no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension, obesity, and lifestyle risk factors between jeepney drivers and tricycle drivers. However there is a significant difference in the occupational risk factors between the two driver populations.Item Association of topography and demographic & socioeconomic characteristics to the compliance of mothers to reproductive health services in Maasin, IloiloAzarraga, Alyssa Faye N.; Brazas, Jodelyn M.; Bordon, Jenn Margarette B.; Dofitas, Adrian Bernard A.; Gadong, Joshua Vincent Y.; Matinong, Kathleen Erica D.; Paguidopon, Cyril L.; Tabanar, Bianca Ysobel S.; Tantuan, Liza Beth F.; Temelo, Jason Andrei C.; Ynzon, Samuel P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to reproductive functions and processes. This study was conducted in the 50 barangays of Maasin, Iloilo with the purpose of determining if factors such as topography (highland or lowland) and demographic & socioeconomic characteristics (age, parity, highest educational attainment, occupation, and household asset index) have significant association with the utilization of reproductive health services such as prenatal care, family planning and delivery care. A total of 356 mothers (160 from lowland barangays and 196 from highland barangays) from the municipality were interviewed using a survey questionnaire. Statistical tools such as Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact Test, T-test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Using the results from the surveys, it was found that majority of the mothers from highland barangays had 6 or more children, low educational attainment, and low household asset index. Only educational attainment was known to be significantly associated (p-0.003) with compliance to prenatal care services. Parity was the only factor that was significantly associated (p=0.036) with compliance to family planning services. For delivery care services, age (p=0.047), parity (p=0.001), educational attainment (p=0.002) and occupation (p=0.003) were found to have significant association with topography, because mothers (31-49 years old) who are from highland barangays, who are unemployed, with low educational attainment and who have 6 or more children are more likely to deliver through non-facility based service. Results of this study showed that the rural health unit of Maasin has achieved a good coverage of prenatal care and family planning services since the values were not found to be statistically significant between highland and lowland barangays. However, the RHU still needs to restructure their projects to cater those mothers in highland barangays who still opt for non-facility based deliveries as it is statistically significant when in relation to topography.Item Sagip COUGHamilya: Improving prevention, and case management & care seeking in Sitio Durog, Barangay Palaca, MiagaoAsorio, Leslie S.; Clarito, Thea Joy A.; Dolorosa, Rex Victor V.; Marecap, Mitzi N.; Napulan, Andrea Marie N.; Recabar, James Mathew V.; Rodriguez, Sael D.; Velasco, Princess Monic Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)According to the 2018 Morbidity Diseases Reports of Miag-ao’s Rural Health Unit (RHU), Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the main cause of morbidity among the children in the municipality. Upon further review, the community that was found to have the greatest number of ARI cases is that of Barangay Palaca. To contribute with the reduction of ARI cases in the said community, Project Sagip COUGHamilya was implemented in Sitio Durog. This project aims to reduce the number of current ARI cases among children aging 2 months to 11 years old by at least 50% after the 6-week project implementation. In order to accomplish such goal, the team utilized strategic components such as: (1) establishment of a core group called FamiLEADERS, (2) honing the ARI case management knowledge and skills of the barangay health workers (BHWs) through FamiLINANG sessions for BHWs, (3) improving the mothers’ & guardians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards care seeking and case management for ARI through FamiLINANG sessions for mothers, and (4) raising the children’s awareness on cough etiquette, proper handwashing, and other key health practices through LINIStorya sessions. Upon implementation, the project’s outputs include the 80% increase in the ARI case management knowledge and skills of BHWs, 44.47% increase in the KAP of the mothers & guardians towards care seeking and case management for ARI, and 12.5% increase in the children’s awareness towards cough etiquette, proper handwashing, and other key health practices. All these results were statistically found to be significant improvements. In conclusion, the strategies done by the group significantly improved the care seeking, case management, and key health practices for ARI in Sitio Durog, Barangay Palaca. As a result, Projesct Sagip COUGHamilya contributed to the reduction of ARI cases by 80%, far exceeding the goal of the project and deeming it to be very effective and successful.Item Project EDI WAM!: Everybody Do It: War Against Malnutrition in Brgy. Roma, San Joaquin, IloiloBalogo, Philip G.; Bomediano, Maria Jonnah R.; Esparagoza, Marevi T.; Gallo, Czareena Anne; Mallari , Maria Katerina; Murillo, Gilbert Guy D.; Ortono, Jevi Marie P.; Oteda, Kristine Joy D.; Pameroyan, Nesly Joy G.; Radones, Charmaine Mae Keyien G.; Santocildes, Camille S.; Tirador, Anna Katharina L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)The Millenium Development Goals for the Philippines by 2015 is to reduce the underweight-by-age prevalence to 17.2% among 0-5 years old children. So far in 2013, the prevalence decreased from 20.7% in 2003 to 19.9%. Western Visayas ranks second (26.0%) in the most malnourished regions in the country, with trends increasing in Iloilo from 25.1% in 2008 to 27.4% in 2013. According to the National Nutrition Council, this small change in number for the past 10 years makes it unlikely that the country will achieve its MDG. Project EDI WAM! Every body Do It: War Against Malnutrition in Barangay Roma, San Joaquin, Iloilo aims to decrease the prevalence of malnutrition by 70% among children aged 24 to 72 months. Operation Timbang showed that out of the 42 children, 11 were identified as malnourished, giving a prevalence of 26.19%. Project EDI WAM! aims to decrease the number of undernourished children through health education, feeding, and supplementation programs. A functional core group of 9 members was formed and was later transformed into a Barangay Health Board. Cooking lessons dubbed Pinoy Mother Chef improved the mothers' food preparation practices and behavior. Hygiene and Sanitation increased by 36.60%, while proper meal planning increased by 24.83%. Ready-to-Use therapeutic food (RUTF) was prepared and supplemented to the children. Knowledge of mothers on health and nutrition also increased by 35.54%. Out of the 11 malnourished children, 4 were turned to normal, giving a decrease of 36.36%. The 70% goals was not achieved and may be attributed to the short period of time that the project was implemented. However there is a significant increase in weight among all the recipients (2.79% ) and malnourished (4.92%). A Mothers’ Association was established to continue the project advocacy, making the cooking and feeding program an annual event.Item Spatio-temporal analysis of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental from 2012-2018Asorio, Leslie S.; Clarito, Thea Joy A.; Dolorosa, Rex Victor V.; Meracap, Mitzi N.; Napulan, Andrea Marie N.; Recabar, James Matthew V.; Rodriguez, Sael D.; Velasco, Princess Monic Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)Rabies is particularly dangerous and deadly disease that infects domestic and wild animals and is transmissible to humans. The province of Negros Occidental has been experiencing an uneasy situation on both human and animal rabies in recent years. It posted a rising trend on the number of human deaths due to rabies infection from 2012 to 2018, and has ranked number one among the provinces in Western Visayas with the highest number of positive animal rabies cases in 2017 to 2018. Animal rabies, particularly of canine and feline type, is considered to be a serious threat to public health thus all prevention and control efforts in order to reduce the cases of human rabies are stemming from the identification of high-risk barangays based on the occurrence of canine or feline rabies cases. In this research, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed to determine the high-risk municipalities and temporal pattern of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental from 2012 to 2018. Spatial analysis identified the major cities such as Bacolod City and Bago City and their surrounding municipalities to be of high risk to animal rabies. The epicenter of cases is slowly shifting towards the central part of the province in subsequent years. Twenty-six (26) space-time clusters of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental were found to have “intensifying”, “consecutive”, “oscillating”, and “sporadic” time trends. Two clusters classified as “new” hotspots were identified in the central part of the province.Item Survey of pathogenic bacteria in bottom sediments of Iloilo River: An assessment of water sanitary qualityAraneta, Karla Teresa S.; Bugayong, Adrienne Marrie S.; Cabanilla, Jennifer C.; Caro, Mary Ann Gina C.; Gayatgay, Christian Era U.; Nufuar, Ernest Jan T.; Rufino Krystal Hope S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)This study assessed the water sanitary quality of the Iloilo River by determining the monthly heterotophic plate count (HPC), total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and fecal streptococcus (FS) counts of the bottom sediments in five sampling sites from October 2008 to February 2009. These parameters were then correlated with the physico-chemical parameters that were additionally obtained from the river water. The presence of Salmonella spp, E. coli. Vibrio spp, and fecal Streptococcus were also determined as indicators of the pathogenic bacteria in the bottom sediments of the Iloilo River. Using the FC:FS ratio, the study further distinguished fecal contamination sources from each site as human, animal, or mixed in origin. An assessment of sediment quality was done using DENR standards for TC and Kohl and Albinger's sediment quality criteria for HPC and FC. Sediment samples were taken from the following sampling sites along the Iloilo River: 1) Forbes. 2) Dungon, 3) IBRD, 4) Carpenter's, and 5) So-oc. No significant difference in any of the physico-chemical or microbiological parameters were found among sampling stations. However, analysis and comparison of the microbiological parameters of bottom sediments in terms of months showed significant temporal variability HPC, TC, and FC alternately decrease and increase every month while FS showed a generally increasing trend. The following correlations between the microbiological and physico-chemical parameters were found. 1) temperature with HPC and FS , 2) salinity with FS count, and 3) dissolved oxygen concentration with TC and FC Counts. The mean percentage of bottom sediment samples with Salmonella ranged from 3% to 10% while more than half of samples from all sampling sites showed the presence of Vibrio spp. and S. faecalis. Samples with E.coli from all sites ranged from 3 to 14%. Fecal contamination sources varied across sampling sites. So-oc show ed mostly animal sources as its orgin of fecal contamination, while other sites had either animal, human or mixed sources. S. faecalis and E. coli exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance, a grow ing health concent in many of today's rivers. All isolates were susceptible to Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin but resistant to Penicillin. Based on HPC and FC values the degree of loading with easily decomposable organic substance and feces among the sampling sites ranges from very little to little. TC count of the sediment samples from all the sites does not exceed the limit of 5000 CFU/ 100ml set by the DENR. Results suggest that sediments were not a significant reservoir of bacterial pollution at the time this study was conducted.Item Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on dengue vectors of households in Tumagboc Catchment Area, Miagao, IloiloArbizo, Jeric L.; Baldevarona, Rosa Lea S.; Caoyonan, Louise Asuncion D.; Gabasa, Marah Febcy J.; Mapa, Fernie Love D.; Patria, Elaine Joy M.; Tenchavez, Darlene Ruth B.; Trivilegio, Enna Fleur C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2011-03)Previous studies have shown that knowledge, attitudes and practices have an association with the dengue vector control. As such, the independence of mosquito population on the sociodemographic characteristics and KAP of the household heads in Tumagboc Catchment Area, Miagao, Iloilo was tested. Based on the results, the household heads generally are unemployed, married females aging 41 to 50. Their households are composed of 4 to 7 members with no or one child below 15 years, and usually receive below P 1999 per month. Most of them are informed about dengue fever, but only one had suffered from it in the last two years. Moreover, they have moderate knowledge, poor attitudes, but good practices regarding dengue prevention. The container index is 2.71 for crude mosquito larvae and pupae population, and 0.39 for Aedes sp. The house index is 9.72, while the Breteaux indexis 13.19. Chi-square analysis at 0.05 level of significance confirmed the independence of mosquito larvae and pupae population from monthly income, dengue information reception, knowledge, attitudes and practices. A solid reason was the untimely conduct of the study in the beginning of the summer season, when stagnant water has dried up and with few vulnerable breeding sites.Item Project NINK: Ngiping Inaalagaan para sa Nakangiting KinabukasanAraneta, Francine Nicole M.; Bebita, Valerie Anne N.; Endoma, Vivienne F.; Estanda, Marvyn Kerziel A.; Gupeteo, Mary Pauline Kriszl E.; Lebosada, Billy John F.; Magsipoc, Karla Mae B.; Pabello, Kimberly T.; Samoro, Karmela Marie G.; Villaruel, Rigel Kent Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)Dental caries, also known as cavities or tooth decay, is one of the most prevalent diseases of people worldwide which can start as early as during childhood affecting the primary teeth of children. It is mostly caused by lifestyle-related factors such as poor oral hygiene, lack of dental services, poor habit in brushing teeth and poverty (Ismail et. al. 2007). Iloilo has a high number of dental problems that affect school-aged children. Toothache from dental caries is one of the major causes of absenteeism in elementary schools (Araojo, 2003). The Project Nink aimed to reduce the incidence of dental caries by 80% among school-aged children of Barangay Buenavista Elementary School, Tubungan, Iloilo. A pre-dental check-up, conducted before project implementation found that out of 134 students examined, 125 had dental caries, translating to 9 out of 10 students. For the team to address the existing neglected problem, objectives were set to aid in the project implementation. A reliable and self-sustaining core group was formed for the maintenance and sustainability of the project. To address the insufficient knowledge of the children and community members regarding oral health, a series of health lectures were conducted. Topics for the lectures included basics of the teeth, how cavities form, other diseases that may arise from dental caries, and the like. Training courses for the teachers, health workers and midwife were also conducted by the researchers. Incentives were given out during the lectures and proper educational materials were provided as well. A tooth-brushing sink was constructed together with the teachers, parents, community members and the children, to aid in changing the tooth brushing habits of the children. Dental kits were distributed per child and also for families to aid the child in practicing proper oral hygiene. The children’s post-test results showed that the knowledge regarding oral health increased by 27.54% from their pre-test which was a statistical significant difference. A statistical significant difference (t(41)= - 8.882, p < 0.0005) was also shown in the post-test and pre-test results of the community members which had an increase of 29%. A post dental check-up was conducted to assess the effect of the project, and it was found that the mean prevalence rate of dental carries in the temporary teeth ot student respondents was successfully decreased by 18.4% from 22.73% to 18.55% (dmf index) since pre-project, and therefore, effectively reduced the incidence rate by 100% with 0 new cases. For the permanent teeth (DMF index), there was a 19.75% decrease in prevalence rate and a 100% reduction in the incidence rate with no new cases identified.