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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Science in Public HealthSDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 12 - Responsible consumption and production

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    Nutritional status of 0-5 year old children of small scale fisherfolks from Barangays along the coastal areas of Miagao, Iloilo
    Ascano, Maria Epifanie; Borromeo, Ma. Benjafe; Luces, Leslie Ann; Napud, Ma. Salve; Sagge, Jasmine; Tarroja, Aireen Joy (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-03)
    This special problem sought to determine the nutritional status of 0-5 year old children of subsistence fisherfolks from selected barangays along the coastal areas of Miag-ao, Iloilo. The study incorporated anthropometric, clinical, dietary, and socioeconomic data to detect any nutritional disorder and to ascertain nutriture of 0-5 years old children. There were fifty-six fishermen among the 14 coastal areas which served as basis for determining the number of respondents. Ninety-one children aged 0-5 years old comprised the sample population. This descriptive cross-sectional study employed a probability sampling method named two-stage sampling design. This special study utilized an anthropometric data sheet, clinical assessment sheet, 24-hour food recall sheet, and interview schedule to gather appropriate data. The data collected was then subjected to statistical tools such as means, frequency count/distribution, percentages, ANOVA using the EPI-INFO 6 software and the Fil-Anthrop Software of the FNRI-DOST. Findings revealed that 45.1% of the respondents had an average height for age, 37.4% of the respondents were mildly underweight for age, and 54.9% had an average weight for height. Among the ninety-one respondents, the clinical signs exhibited were lack of luster, thinness, and sparseness; dyspigmentation; pale conjunctiva; thyroid gland enlargement; mottled enamel; dental caries; spongy, bleeding gums; and beading of the rib. Moreover, 82.4% of the respondents were below the Recommended Dietary Allowance. Findings have revealed that there is no association between the nutritional status of respondents (ht. for age, wt. for age, wt. for ht.) and the following variables: (a) Age of 0-5 years old children, (b) Sex of 0-5 years old children, (c) family size, (d) Monthly family income, (e) Highest educational attainment of housewives, (f) Clinical signs, (g) Sanitary practices, (h) Crowding index, (i) Feeding practices of housewives, (j) Presence of toilet facilities, and (k) Source of drinking water.
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    Nasal colonization and drug-resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis among young residents within the vicinity of Calajunan Dumpsite, Mandurriao, Iloilo City
    Aguila, Julex Rey; Biaoco, Christine; Gayatgay, Christian Faith; Ingalla, Lydimel; Macalalag, Florence Mae; Omar Al-Abdalla, Afnan; Tolentino, Joanna Rose; Torrilla, Marie Stephanie (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2011-03)
    Poor disposal and handling of wastes is one of the problems in developing countries as well as in urban places. Leachate, which includes potential pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, occurs when solid wastes adsorb moisture and may contaminate ground water sources. The increasing antibiotic resistance of these species poses a great risk to those exposed to the dumpsite. This study generally aimed to investigate nasal colonization by multidrug-resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis in young residents of Barangay Calajunan, Mandurriao, Iloilo City and to evaluate the relationship between multidrug-resistance of S. aureus and S. epidermidis and possible risk factors such as direct exposure to the dumpsite, close contact with waste-pickers, antibiotic use, hospitalization, skin and soft-tissue infections, and personal hygiene. Nasal swabs were obtained from eighty-three young residents aged 5-14 years. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus spp. were based on standard conventional biochemical methods such as mannitol fermentation, catalase and coagulase tests. Anti-staphylococcal agents for the detection of drug susceptibility patterns were penicillin G (10 units), oxacillin (1 µg), cefoxitin (30 μg), ampicillin (10 μg), vancomycin (30 μg), erythromycin (15 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), and clindamycin (2 µg). Of the fifty-one isolated presumptively identified staphylocococcal species, 92% (n=49) were identified as S. aureus and 4% (n=2) as S. epidermidis. The prevalence of nasal colonization of S. aureus and S. epidermidis among the study populace was 59% and 2.41%, respectively. Eighty-two percent (n=42) of the S. aureus isolates exhibited susceptibility to tetracycline, while 98% (n=48) exhibited resistance to ampicillin. One hundred percent (n=2) of the S. epidermidis isolates exhibited susceptibility to erythromycin and tetracycline, and resistance to penicillin G and ampicillin. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were phenotypically determined based on non-sensitivity to two or more of the different antimicrobial classes. Sixty-one percent (n=31) of S. aureus isolates and 50% (n=2) of S. epidermidis were MDR strains. Of these staphylococcal isolates, 54.8% (n=17) were resistant to antimicrobials belonging to Penicillins and Glycopeptides with one isolate being S. epidermidis and 16 S. aureus. No significant association between multidrug resistance of S. aureus and S. epidermidis and the risk factors was observed among the study population (p>0.05), however, it was observed that those who bathed and washed more often were more likely to have both nasal colonization and multidrug resistance of S. aureus and S. epidermidis.