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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Science in EconomicsSDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 11 - Sustainable cities and communities

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    Vulnerability to natural hazards of households in the coastal Barangays of New Washington, Aklan
    Bulacan, Nirvana Dominique F.; Carillo, Shelica Cheyene T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    Natural phenomena such as typhoon, flood, storm surge, sea level rise and coastal erosion are some of the natural hazards that affect the world especially the coastal inhabitants. In line with this, coastal inhabitants are considered the most vulnerable to natural hazards. This study explores the vulnerability and socio-economic factors affecting it. This study aims to determine the extent of vulnerability to natural hazards of households in coastal barangays of New Washington, Aklan. Vulnerability Index (VI) was used to measure vulnerability in terms of natural hazard exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. While, Vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) was used to determine socioeconomic factors that may affect vulnerability. The VI results to low vulnerability of households. Whereas, VEP determined some socio-economic factors that statistically affect vulnerability in terms of per capita consumption expenditure such as highest educational attainment and employment in agriculture or industry of the household head, land ownership, number of family members and income per capita.
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    The socio-economic factors that affect the in-migration decision of street vendors in downtown Iloilo City
    Bebis, Mary Grace C.; Benetiz, Earl Cexanne B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-03)
    The lack of employment opportunities and poverty encourages migration from the rural to urban areas. This study aimed to determine the socio-economic factors that affect the in-migration decision of street vendors in downtown Iloilo City. The data were gathered through purposive sampling of sixty street vendors. The results indicated that the respondents main reason for migrating is the perceived availability of job opportunities in the city. However, information asymmetry, disproved this notion. Age is the only significant factor which contributed in migration decision in this study. The younger an individual is, the higher is the tendency to migrate. Currently, there are no local policies geared towards the welfare of the street vendors. It is highly recommended that the street vendors should be relocated at one place and development of the neighboring towns of Iloilo City be effected to curb the influx of in- migration.
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    Economic analysis of rice farming under differential tenurial arrangements in Sibalom, Antique
    Basañes, Lorvi Ann A.; Rondrique, Clyde G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1997-03)
    This study was undertaken in order to acquire informations about the effects of tenurial arrangments on the productivity and profitability of rice farms in Sibalom, Antique, from the operators view point. The study found out that the practices of rice farms did not essentially vary among farms of different tenure arrangements, though some slight differences had been discovered. Furthermore, it was also discovered that tenurial arrangement greatly affected the distribution of gains from farming. Though share-tenanted farms proved to be the most profitable from the operators point of view, the conpensation that the operators received were quite inadequate to compensate the cost in using owned inputs. Moreover, other tenurial arrangements, leasehold and owner-operated, revealed to be less profitable than the one mentioned earlier. In terms of its effect on productivity, tenurial arrangements were found to explain an insignificant variation in the farms output. The study concluded that tenurial arrangements did really have a significant effect on productivity and the production practices of rice farmers, though in the profitability side, it proved to be otherwise. Of the problems presented, the emergence of rats and the golden kuhol pestilence in the rice fields were pointed out as the primary reasons for the decline in the productivity of rice farms in Sibalom, Antique. Aside from the propagation of government support programs and the transformation and empowerment of rice farmer cooperatives, the study also recommended that a closer look on share-tenancy must be done by the goverment so as to eliminate its equity undesirability, instead of outlawing the said tenurial arrangement which proved, in this study, to be the most efficient tenurial arrangement in rice farming.
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    Trade-off between agricultural emissions and rice production of select Southeast Asian countries: an empirical analysis using the EKC hypothesis
    Bantugan, Julia Murielle A.; Maravilla, Giuseppe Cee S. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)
    Southeast Asia has made remarkable progress in intensifying its rice production, which increased the region’s greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This study examines the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis and the effects of rice production on GHG emissions in the six major rice-producing Southeast Asian countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam for the period 1970 to 2020 using secondary, annual time-series data from Our World in Data and FAOSTAT. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Mann-Kendall Test, Dickey- Fuller and Phillips-Perron Unit Root Tests, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test, and the Johansen Cointegration Test. An unrestricted error correction model (UECM) and Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) were then estimated. Diagnostic tests were also employed, and the turning points for EKC-conforming countries were calculated. The results confirmed the EKC hypothesis for Indonesia (carbon dioxide emissions) and the Philippines (both carbon dioxide and methane emissions). The Philippines had long achieved the turning point, while Indonesia had not. Rice production had a directly-proportional relationship with GHG emissions as it increased carbon dioxide emissions and decreased methane emissions for Indonesia. It decreased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced in the atmosphere for Indonesia and the Philippines and methane emissions for the Philippines and Thailand. In contrast, rice production increased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in Thailand and methane emissions in Indonesia.
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    Marketing of Pina fiber in Balete, Aklan
    Barrios, Jerson T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1995-12-01)
    This study describes and analyses the different marketing channels, functions, costs, margins, and the different problems encountered by both producers of pina and middlemen of pina fiber in Balete, Aklan. Of the four barangay sampled, primary data were obtained from ten (10) producers who were asked about their recent halved, and 34 middlemen were consequently interviewed based on their last week’s operations. Results of the study show that out of the 40.200 pina leaves harvested by producers, scrapers absorbed the bulk or 69.71 %(24,900), while the legist fraction of .99% was token by producer-scrapers-trader. Highest prices paid for pina leaves at P0.35 was accorded by producer-scrapper-knotter while scraper-knotter offered the least price at P.25. Despite of the five marketing activities performed, and corresponding costs on marketing Investments, producers still incurred positive financial net farm price of P.217. By marketing functions, seven types of middlemen were observed, namely: scrapers, producer-scrapers, scraper-knotters, producer-scraper-knotter, knotters, producer-scraper-trader, and traders—who essentially perform an overlap of functions. Though all types of middlemen incurred positive gross margin, not everyone experienced positive not margins and net returns. With the bulk of transactions disposed by traders (1,668.125 leaves) and producer-scraper trader (2,000 leaves), these two types of middlemen received positive financial net margins and returns. Of the different marketing problems cited, majority the majority of producers and middlemen were unanimous in pointing at low price of the product as their biggest constraint Other than the need to increase the price, organizing a cooperative and support from the local government, this study suggests, that due to foe duplication of function among types of middlemen, specialization on a particular function (e.g, scraper or knotter— alone) is a must in order to curb the circuitous and dragging flow of the product and lessen costs on labor.
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    The economics of loom weaving industry in Miag-ao, Iloilo
    Balindua, Trini Rose Philippe N.; Fuentespina, Pierra M. (2004-03)
    The study determined and analyzed the economic profitability of the loom weaving industry in Miag-ao, Iloilo. Specifically, the study described the socio-demographic profile of owners and laborers, determined the economic profitability, the cost and returns, the contractual arrangement between the owners and laborers, and identified the problems encountered in the industry The primary data were mainly gathered from 5 owners and 2 cooperative chairpersons, and 35 weavers who comprised the study population. The respondents came from the different barangays of Banbanan, Bugtong Naulid, Bulucaue, Dawog, Guibongan and Indag-an of the town of Miagao, Iloilo where loom weaving firms are situated and weavers are concentrated. Employing the cost and return analysis, results showed that loom weaving industry earned positive economic profit. Gross profit amounted to PhP 9,079.83 and financial profit of PhP 8,738.67. The payback period is 4.04 months. Return to the laborer is valued at PhP 5,431.35, and returns to the owner is PhP 7,736.46. The problems encountered in the loom weaving industry were the cheap compensation of laborers, health problems, old age and poor eye sight, the delay on the provision of materials by the owners to their laborers, lack of buyers during lean season, and the improbability of the return of finished products by the laborers and the loss of interest of the younger generation in the industry.
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    Income an employment structure of households in the coastal barangays of Miagao, Iloilo
    Bacalocos, Kezzie Lyn R.; Camit, Rizalee L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)
    This paper was designed to describe the income and employment structure of the households in the coastal barangays of Miagao, Iloilo. Data were gathered through face- to-face interviews with 303 household heads from the six barangays identified by the Municipal Planning and Development Office. There were a total of 1,867 household members, where 1,086 belonged to the working age group. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, averages and percentages. Results showed that despite being near the sea, the households were not dependent on it for their income and employment. The proportion of professionals was low. Most household members in working age worked in the past in non — professional jobs, mostly in contractual terms. Similarly, most were currently employed in skill-related jobs such as in construction and mechanics. The proportion of females out of work is greater than the males. The monthly household income ranged between 0 to Phpl6, 300. The majority of households have an average income of P7, 343.19. Income diversification program is needed in the area. The women who are willing to work can be targeted for livelihood program and skills training. Information on jobs and skills training available must effectively disseminated in the barangays.
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    Factors affecting fertility choice among married couples in Oton, Iloilo
    Autentico, Sheila M.; Cagalagawan, Aiza Maris G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)
    The study identified the different factors affecting fertility choice of married couples in Oton, Iloilo. There were 100 participants from the three barangays in Oton. Iloilo namely: Trapiche, Poblacion South, and Buray. The dependent variable is measured by the actual number of living children the married couples have. The independent variables were classified into four categories: economic factors, biological factors, psychological factors, and geographical factors. The multivariate analysis revealed that the significant variables found to significantly affect the decision on the number of children by married couples (at 5% level of significance) are gross monthly income of the household, years of formal education of the wife, age of wife at first marriage, ideal number of children by the couple and perception of children to be of help in old age. However, the R-squared value of 30.78 indicates that there are still some factors that were not included in the model. Nevertheless, the significant variables had the expected signs.
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    Willingness to pay for the barangay loudspeaker system as an early warning device among the residents of Sebaste, Antique
    Alonzo, Dumcel Kay J.; Bangero, Denevieve Y. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    The municipality of Sebaste in Antique Province is along the path of strong typhoons that can cause damage to lives and properties. The likely effects of these typhoons and other natural or man-made disasters can be mitigated by prompt information dissemination and early warning devices. Correct information and warnings that reach people at the right time can help them prepare for the impending disaster and avoid its likely effects. In Sebaste, there is no community-wide early warning system. This study focused on the value placed by the local residents of Sebaste, Antique for the establishment of an early warning device in the form of the Barangay Loud Speaker System (BLS) by estimating their willingness-to-pay (WTP) using Contingent Valuation Method. A total of 320 study participants representing their households, equally distributed in eight barangays of Sebaste, Antique were interviewed in January to March 2017 using a pilot-tested interview schedule. Seventy-five percent of the study participants were willing to pay for the BLS. The binary logit regression showed that bid price was the only factor that significantly (and negatively) affects WTP at 1% level of significance. The estimated monthly mean WTP with and without adjustment for the level of certainty were P68.00 and P60.75, respectively. The monthly Social WTP with and without adjustment for the level of certainty were Pl84,084.16 and Pl62,293.63, respectively. This study recommends that the local government of Sebaste should invest in the establishment of the BLS in each of 10 barangays of the municipality.
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    Willingness-to-pay for the conservation of mangrove site in Dumangas, Iloilo
    Agapito, Arianne I.; Guadalupe, Ronell D. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2011-03)
    This study was designed to determine the willingness-to-pay of the residents of Dumangas, Iloilo for the conservation of the existing mangrove sites in their area. Data were gathered through personal interviews using an interview schedule among 240 household representatives equally distributed in six barangays: three coastal, three noncoastal. Results of the study showed that most of the study participants were aware and knowledgeable about the existence of mangroves, its uses and benefits. The popular barangays identified to have mangrove sites included Sapao (31.33%) and Ermita (32.92%). Using dichotomous choice willingness-to-pay method with randomly assigned bid prices, results showed that most of the study participants both from coastal (89.17%) and non-coastal barangays (91.67%) were willing to pay for the conservation of mangroves. The main reason cited was that they want to participate in programs by the local government that aims to conserve the environment. When adjusted to level of certainty, there was slight difference in the number of study participants who were willing-to-pay; mean willingness-to-pay amounted to Php 86.47 without adjustment to level of certainty and Php 76.17 when adjusted to level of certainty. Knowledge index rating, civil status and bid price were the significant factors that affect the willingness-to- pay without adjustment to level of certainty at 5% level of significance. When adjusted to level of certainty, knowledge index rating (5%) and bid price (1%) were the significant factors. Annual surcharge in Community Tax is the preferred payment vehicle of the study participants for the conservation.