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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Arts in Political ScienceSDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 3 - Good health and well-being

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    Children's rights and welfare: Case study on the effects of the 1988 family code to illegitimate children in Iloilo
    Bagsit, Liza Flor T.; Huesca, Andrea Fideliz T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-03)
    This research paper looks into how the rights of illegitimate children has been changed with the passage of the 1988 Family Code. Using 6 case studies, this research examines how the Code affected the assertion of these children's rights by themselves or by their parent/guardian. It further looks into the avenues that can restrict or facilitate the exercise of these rights. The 1988 Family Code has effected changes with regard to illegitimate children. It eliminated the classification of illegitimate children and it brought improvement on the law of succession wherein the illegitimate child gets 1/2 of the share of the legitimate child. Despite these gains, the Family Code brought about discrimination against illegitimate children in the sense that they cannot use their fathers' surnames unless acknowledged. Moreover, as illegitimate children, they get an unequal share in the inheritance from their fathers. In the eyes of the law there is still inequality between legitimate and illegitimate children. Illegitimate children are less protected by the law than their counterparts. The 1988 Family Code is an improvement with regard to the promotion of the rights of illegitimate children, but if we are to advocate equal rights between illegitimate and legitimate children, there is still a need to change the provisions of the said law. There are also several factors which serve as obstacles to their assertion of rights. These are: concern with “shame”; time consuming to file cases in court; financial constraints; and, lack of incentive in establishing filiation when the father is penniless.
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    Porntrepreneur: A phenomenological study on the narratives of women towards pornography as a source of income in San Jose De Buenavista, Antique
    Aquino, Carla Faith M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-06)
    Pornography as a business industry in the Philippines persists despite legal restrictions. This research maps the narratives of select Catholic women and gender advocates in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique towards pornography as a phenomenon and as a source of income. Various themes are explored around their views of sex work as work, and their perception towards government policies and gaps in addressing issues on pornography. The study utilized data from two separate Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with eight (8) of women who are members of Lay Organization Movement Association (LOMAS) and Marian Movement Organizations (MaMOs), five (5) gender advocates, three (3) of whom are government workers, and two (2) NGO representatives, and sexual violence-related national legislations. The Moustakas transcendental phenomenology framework was employed and data were analyzed through the lenses of the conservative and feminist theories. Results revealed that women view pornography as exploitative yet bounded by moral dimensions. As an industry, it is easily accessible to the public, a business involving money, profit, and income. Catholic women argue that pornography should be exclusive only for married couples but should be restricted from children, while gender advocates do not want to restrict everything but are concerned about women’s rights. The women articulate that the driving forces leading people to engage themselves in such work are poverty and survival.
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    Water politics: The influence of power politics in accessing domestic water at Hamtic and Sibalom, Antique
    Aller, Emmanuel C.; Macuja, Yra Frances O. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Philippines has a total annual renewable water of 479 billion cubic meters from surface and groundwater sources (ADB. 2013). Despite this seeming abundance, water supply remains scarce and unequally distributed among rural communities. To address this gap, the national government has come up with various funding mechanisms for small domestic water infrastructure projects. This paper describes the different features of the barangay governmentrun water projects in Hamtic and Sibalom, Antique, funded through Congressional Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF) from 2003-2013. It examines how formal mechanisms (government funding process) and informal arrangements (clientelism and power politics), influenced the access of barangays to water projects. It also describes how distance from the project site, financial capability, quality of water service, and relationship between households and incumbent politicians influenced people’s water access from the barangay government-run water utility once completed. Interviews among district officer, managers, barangay captains; and survey on 80 and 79 households in the two locales were utilized. Clientelism and power politics was found to have a general effect on how funds for water was allocated and accessed by the barangay from amongst many in the Congressional district. However, such was not prevalent in individual to barangay level of access.
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    Prospects for a reproductive healthcare program in the Iloilo Rehabilitation Center (IRC): women inmates’ and IRC officials’ perceptions and recommendations
    Alegre, Julie Anne B.; Amase, Jaisa Mhe A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)
    The study aimed to determine how women inmates and IRC officials understand the concept of reproductive health and what factors influenced such understanding. It likewise sought to find out the perceptions of women inmates with regards Prospective RH Program in the IRC and their recommendations for effective program implementation. It also sought to determine the IRC officials’ views regarding a Prospective RH Program as well as then suggestions for an effective program implementation. Using purposive sampling, fourteen women inmates and six IRC officials were regarded as respondents of the study. In-depth interview with the IRC officials and a focus group discussion with the women inmates were utilized to unearth respondents’ idea of reproductive health and its components such as family planning, reproductive health- related diseases (STDs/ AIDS, breast cancers and ovary cancers) and sexual violence. Results of the study revealed that most of the women inmates and two IRC official respondents have not heard the term reproductive health but they have some knowledge on its components. Women inmates’ idea of family planning pertained to the proper way of using contraceptive methods while IRC officials viewed it as an economic means to alleviate poverty. Women inmates regarded themselves as responsible for their own health to be free from STDs/ AIDS, breast and ovary cancers. According to the IRC officials, STDs/ AIDS were acquired through sexual intercourse; thus, women must refrain from engaging in sexual activities with different men. On the issue of sexual violence, women inmates believed that it occurs among couples with lack of communication. The IRC officials held the notion of patriarchal belief as the reason for the continuing occurrence of sexual violence. The traditional roles of male as being biologically aggressive and female as submissive tied both groups of respondents’ idea on sexual violence. These beliefs validated the occurrence of sexual violence in the society, restricting women to resist violence acts. Results also showed both group of respondents’ appreciation on the implementation of an RH Program in the IRC. They underscored the role of the government for the success of the program through substantial allocation of budget. Furthermore, IRC officials emphasized the cooperation of women inmates, while women inmates stressed the participation of the IRC officials for effective program implementation. Presenting all the findings of the study, a program on reproductive health must therefore be implemented in the IRC. This program must focus on the concept of reproductive health laid down by the International Conference on Population and Development. The patriarchal belief must be extinguishe,d empowering women and making them aware of the ideas that resisting violence and being free from reproductive health-related diseases are expressions of their reproductive rights. Government must see to it that marginalized women such as the women inmates must have easy access to reproductive healthcare services and programs.