UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Cost and return analysis of milkfish operations in different farm sizes in Barotac Nuevo, IloiloBelgira, Gay Nanette (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1996-07)Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is the most important pond cultured fish specie in the Philippines. Barotac Nuevo, where the study was conducted, is among the most productive in the province of Iloilo in terms of milkfish culture. Cost and Return Analysis of Milkfish Production evaluates the economic performance of 30 milkfish farms in Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo. The economic performance of milkfish farms were assessed using profit, revenue, return on investment, rate of return on operating cost, and payback period. Investment and cost structure were also presented. Comparative analysis was done by farm size namely; small farms (less than 5ha), medium farms (5.01 to 20ha) and large farms (above 20ha). Farm investment increased as farm size increased. The highest yield per hectare per crop was obtained by medium farms (708.86kg) followed by large farms (566.76kg) and small farms (394.16kg). For all farms, economic profit decreased as fann size increased on a per farm basis. Small farms had an economic profit of P7,525.25. Medium farms had P55,157.66 while large farms had P131,575.59. Results showed that variable cost of medium farms(21,056.97) on a per hectare basis was higher than that of the large farms(20,298.67) while fixed cost of all farms on a per hectare basis decreased as farms size increased. Opportunity cost of farms on a per hectare basis decreased as farm size increased. Small farms had the lowest return on investment (14.30%) followed by medium farms (30.68%) and large farms (42.31%). Rate of return on operating cost for small farms was 56.03% while medium farms had 26.53% and large farms had 13.14%. Payback period of all farms decreased as farms size increased. Small farms had 6.99 years, medium farms had 3.29 years and large farms had 2.36 years. From all economic indicators presented, milkfish pond culture remains a profitable business venture in Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo. Small farms were found to be productive due to the close farm supervision devoted by owners themselves, but medium farms were found to be most profitable farm size to operate in milkfish pond culture in Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo. Large farms has lower yield because of the large area it occupies that an operator can hardly check all areas.Item The relationship between selected social factors and adolescent pregnancy in Iloilo CityBautista, Joseph Raymund I.; Funclara, Melinda Tordesillas (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)This study attempts to ascertain if there is a relationship between selected social factors and adolescent pregnancy. Specifically, it aims to find out if school engagement, parental supervision, foster and kinship care, religiosity, contraceptive knowledge, and mass media exposure is related to adolescent pregnancy. The researchers hypothesized that there is a relationship between these selected factors and adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent mothers between 14 to 21 years old and were either pregnant or had given birth before December 2003 from three barangays in Iloilo City were interviewed. The gathered data were then subjected to Yates corrected chi-square test of independence to find out if there is any relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It was found out that school engagement, parental supervision, level of religiosity, exposure to mass media, and knowledge in contraceptive use have no relationship with adolescent pregnancy. On the other hand, foster and kinship care was found to have a relationship with adolescent pregnancy. For future research directions, the researchers recommend to those who are interested in adolescent pregnancy to explore the interrelationship between the factors that contribute to adolescent pregnancy. The researchers further suggest that other factors, such as economic status, be explored. Increasing the number of respondents might also be helpful. Finally, the possibility that staying away from compromising situations with the opposite sex is an effective factor to prevent adolescent pregnancy could be an interesting topic.Item Cost structure and profitability of oyster farming in Panay, CapizBaes, Jese B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)The study focused on the economic analysis of oyster farming; particularly productivity, costs and returns, income, and employment aspects as they relate to different farm sites, farm sizes, and methods of culture in Panay, Capiz. A total of 27 oyster farmers were interviewed. Results revealed that the value of production per farm was estimated at P50,855, greatest in Butacal and least in Bantigue. By farm size, it appeared that the small farms were more efficient per unit area. The combination of broadcast, stake and hanging methods yields the highest crop per farm. Oysters harvested from the farm were primarily sold. About 5% were given away to friends, relatives, or paid for services, and family members consumed only 2%. Consisting mostly of boat/raft and plots, farm investment was relatively low in Agojo/Tanza Norte than in other farm sites. Butacal had the largest investment of P49,803 per farm. Investment per unit area was relatively less for the bigger farms. The hanging method required the least investment while the broadcast with stake appeared to be the most costly. Hired labor and food were the major variable inputs, depreciation accounted for fixed cost and opportunity cost primarily included opportunity cost of investment. Total expenses per farm averaged P5,623. By farm size, total costs were lower in larger oyster farms. As the farm size increased, expenses also increased while per unit area decreased with increasing farm size. Oyster farmers using the broadcast with stake method incurred the largest farm expenses. Gross income was estimated at P49,961 per year. A direct relationship between farm size and gross income exists. By method of culture, the combination of broadcast, stake and hanging methods earned the highest gross income. The same relationships as that for gross income were observed in the analysis of the net income. On the average, an oyster farmer received a gross profit of P49,727 and a pure profit of P45,232. Gross and pure profit increased with farm size. The combination of the broadcast, stake and hanging methods earned the highest pure profit of P79,511 Small- sized farms and farms that used the hanging method received negative pure profits. The study recommends that the government should take steps to improve the performance of the farms especially with the low-income farm sites and should seek ways of advancing the socioeconomic condition of oyster farmers. Likewise the municipal governments should properly implement the monitoring of oyster farms to check the socioeconomic conditions, the plans of the oyster farmers, and the obstacles they encountered toward the improvement of their business. Researches directed at enhancing the productivity levels of oyster farming should be given priority. Oyster farming being a part-time activity must be complemented with programs that encourage alternative income sourcesItem An estimation of the supply of cattle in the livestock auction market in Leon, IloiloAndrada, Clyde (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1991-05)This study was an economic analysis of the supply of cattle by the direct cattle producers in Leon Livestock Auction Market in Leon, Iloilo in 1989. The study includes the estimation of the supply function, the identification of the significant factors affecting the supply and the analysis of the price elasticity. The supply function of cattle were hypothesized to be affected by four (4) factors, namely: price of cattle (X1) value of inputs used in cattle production (Xz), price of related commodities (X3) and the availability of credit (X4). Simple Random Sampling was used in choosing the thirty (30) respondents who, were direct cattle producers who sold their cattle in Leon Livestock Auction Market in 1989. These cattle producers were interviewed with the use of an interview schedule. The data gathered includes total weight and number of cattle supplied in the market by the producers and the prices of resource inputs used in the cattle production. Other data such as the price of cattle per kilogram liveweight were taken from the records of the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics. Regression Analysis was applied to determine the coefficients of the supply function. Specifically, stepwise regression analysis was used. Results of the study showed that the estimated supply function of cattle was Qs = — 1843.4461 + 96.6056 X1, where x; is the average price of cattle per kilogram liveweight. Thus, the only significant factor affecting the supply of cattle was the variable X1. The price elasticity supply is 4.6984. The supply of cattle is therefore price elastic because the percentage change in cattle supplied is greater than the percentage change in price.