UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Antimicrobial activity of macrofungal basidiomycetous mycelia against Vibrio spp.Bagacay, Jann Felnesh Exe V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)Aquaculture is vital for global food security, producing 50% of the world’s fish. However, infectious diseases caused by fish pathogens like Vibrio species can lead to significant production losses. To address this issue, antimicrobial agents are commonly used. Macrofungal fruiting bodies and mycelia produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties. This study aims to: (a) assess antimicrobial activity in isolated macrofungal samples against the fish bacterial pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae, (b) compare two methods (agar plug and crude extracts) for antimicrobial activity, (c) determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using agar well diffusion and the agar plug methods, and (d) identify the macrofungal isolate with the highest antimicrobial activity. Ten morphospecies were collected from the University of the Philippines Visayas Miagao Campus. The samples were evaluated using the agar plug and agar well diffusion methods. The results showed antimicrobial activity against Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The activity index ranged from 0 to 0.83 and 0.22 to 0.78 for agar wells, and 0 to 1.00 and 0.70 to 1.30 for agar plugs, against V cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. Termitomyces globulus and Trametes sp. 1 exhibited the highest activity indices using the agar plug and agar well diffusion methods, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in antimicrobial activity against both test organisms. These findings demonstrate the potential of macrofungi as a valuable source of antimicrobial compounds for controlling fish pathogens in aquaculture. Further research could lead to the identification and utilization of these compounds to minimize production losses and improve disease management in aquaculture.Item Experiences of LGBT individuals with Christian upbringingBaguyo, Alec Jonavie A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)Christianity is one of the religions worldwide that promote heteronormativity, following their belief that it is “normal.” In the Philippines, wherein Roman Catholicism is the main religion, heterosexuality is the norm, and people who do not follow this feel a sense of conflict in terms of their religious and spiritual identity and their LGBT identity. This study explored the experiences of LGBT individuals with a Christian upbringing in the Western Visayas. A qualitative approach was employed and six participants were selected for an in-depth interview, the collected data was then analyzed using a thematic analysis wherein four themes emerged, growing up with a Christian upbringing, navigating through the experiences of being an LGBT and a Christian, perceived outcomes of the actions that LGBT individuals employed, and feelings elicited by the outcomes, which tells us the unique experiences of LGBT Christians.Item Examining the lived experiences of food peddlers in Iloilo City in the time of COVID-19Apsay, Pia Anne Marie S.; Santillanosa, Arjiya M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-07)The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the social, political, and economic conditions of the Filipinos. For food peddlers in Iloilo City, whose businesses thrive in densely populated areas, the onset and continuation of the pandemic negatively affected their livelihood due to the restrictions and lockdowns. To better understand the situation of food peddlers in Iloilo City, this paper documents the lived experiences of food peddlers during the pandemic. The study utilized Key Informant Interviews to gather the following data: occupational changes in relation to the city’s quarantine status, daily sustenance, and provision of pertinent support from government and non-government organizations which were further analyzed using Colaizzi’s Seven Step Descriptive Phenomenological Approach. The study showed that the food peddlers in Iloilo City have similar challenges and coping strategies during COVID-19. Food peddlers face decreasing income resulting to the difficulty in sustaining their livelihood and providing for the various needs of the family, health risks, and insufficiency of support from government. They then resort to pangutang (borrowing) and taking on sideline jobs to cope with the challenges. The study concludes that many of the food peddler’s struggles are caused by their monetary problems which were worsened by the pandemic. A sustainable livelihood program is thus recommended to alleviate the lives of the food peddlers to sustain their needs with or without crisis.Item Living conditions of students and their families in the midst of Covid-19 pandemic: Case of students from University of AntiqueAlagos, Krizyl Anne J.; Castillo, Justine Mae T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-07)The coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has caused serious and long-term implications for people’s health, quality of life, and well-being. Apart from the hostility of the pandemic to the worldwide economy, the crisis has also made a significant impact on the education system, specifically on the students. The disturbance has shifted from traditional learning of students to a virtual class experience through online set up or remote learning. This study assesses the living conditions of randomly selected students of the College of Arts and Sciences, University of Antique and their families amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary data were gathered through the use of an online survey on Google Forms, wherein respondents were selected using stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired T- test. The findings of the study revealed that students experienced worsened conditions due to the pandemic. The results further showed that the students and their families were negatively affected by the pandemic after six months of the pandemic through several variables such as employment status, job satisfaction, number of people working in the household, household income, household expenses, performance as a student and performance as a son/daughter. The gradually improving situation of the UA students and their families after two years of the pandemic showed that they are on their way to recovery. Yet, the results also showed that they are yet to fully recover. The paper recommends interventions, policy workshops, and evidence-based programs to help students and their families recover from the effects of the pandemic and become better prepared for any similar future crisesItem Porntrepreneur: A phenomenological study on the narratives of women towards pornography as a source of income in San Jose De Buenavista, AntiqueAquino, Carla Faith M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-06)Pornography as a business industry in the Philippines persists despite legal restrictions. This research maps the narratives of select Catholic women and gender advocates in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique towards pornography as a phenomenon and as a source of income. Various themes are explored around their views of sex work as work, and their perception towards government policies and gaps in addressing issues on pornography. The study utilized data from two separate Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with eight (8) of women who are members of Lay Organization Movement Association (LOMAS) and Marian Movement Organizations (MaMOs), five (5) gender advocates, three (3) of whom are government workers, and two (2) NGO representatives, and sexual violence-related national legislations. The Moustakas transcendental phenomenology framework was employed and data were analyzed through the lenses of the conservative and feminist theories. Results revealed that women view pornography as exploitative yet bounded by moral dimensions. As an industry, it is easily accessible to the public, a business involving money, profit, and income. Catholic women argue that pornography should be exclusive only for married couples but should be restricted from children, while gender advocates do not want to restrict everything but are concerned about women’s rights. The women articulate that the driving forces leading people to engage themselves in such work are poverty and survival.Item The lived experiences of residents living near the sanitary landfill in Barangay Calajunan, Mandurriao Iloilo City amidst the Covid-19 pandemicAlegoro, Aohd Austin Josh R.; Layson, Marc Leo H. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the Philippines' waste management system, including open dumpsites and landfills where COVID-19 wastes are processed and disposed, which in turn affected the way of life of the people who depend on these facilities for survival. This study aims to describe the lived experiences of residents living near the sanitary landfill in Barangay Calajunan, Mandurriao, Iloilo City amidst the COVID- 19 pandemic and to draw out lessons from these lived experiences that can improve current and future waste management practices and to advance the welfare of people living near the sanitary landfill. Particularly, this study focuses on the residents’ life as individuals, as members of the community, residents’ life in relation to their work, and the Iloilo City waste management amidst the pandemic. The data were collected through Key Informant Interviews and in-depth semi-structured interviews and were then analyzed using Collaizi’s Descriptive 7 Step Phenomenological Method. The study revealed that the pandemic altered the way the residents lived their lives around the landfill. These changes were caused by the policies and regulations implemented by the LGUs of Iloilo city and Barangay Calajunan as well as the changes that the landfill had undergone to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic, this affected the residents who live near the landfill as their lives are intertwined with the waste management process of the landfill as Waste Pickers. Although there were many themes that were shared by the men and women residents in terms of their individual, communal, and work lives, there were other themes exclusive to only a particular sex that emerged. Further study is required in these specific areas because some of the themes found in this study contradict the reviewed literature or are unrecorded phenomena without any existing material to support or refute the findings.Item Isugid sa luy-a: "Professional" competence in Tibiaoanon's healing rituals and practices —from 1978 to 2021Alvarado, Samantha Joy A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-07)Following the interactions between the local healer’s ethnomedical knowledge and professional’s modern medical practices, this study forwards the idea of professional competence, as a reciprocation of Cross et. al’s Cultural Competence theory, which shifts the focus of examination from medical experts to Tibiao traditional local healers who had subscribed and adopted the methods and principles of medical professionals. A documentation of the predominant healing rituals in Tibiao, Antique, namely, pangluy-a, pagbutbot, and pagtong-li as well as Tibiaoanon’s concept of health and illnesses was done to anchor the analysis of professional competence. Using the idea of Espanola on cultural competence, particularly, on cultural self-assessment and integration of knowledge in the health practices, this study analyzed the narratives of the respondents and proved that professional competence manifested in how manugbulongs or local healers assessed and acknowledged their views about their selves and about medical professionals and their practices throughout the period of 1978- 2021. Another manifestation of professional competence is the integration of medical knowledge through having referral systems to the doctor and the use of modern synthetic medicine to complement the healing rituals. Key informant interviews and participant observation were done with 15 respondents (manugbulongs and their patients) coming from Barangay Malabor, Barangay Martinez, and Barangay San Francisco Sur in Tibiao, Antique. Expanding on the cultural competence theory, professional competence, therefore, showed that manugbulongs did not necessarily resist and reject the influences of modernity but rather acknowledged and appropriated it to their own ethnomedical system.Item Reliability and validity of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) Filipino versionAng, Louise Victoria T.; Aquino, Kristina Mikhaela M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)Resilience is defined as the ability to bounce back from a difficult event. Among the existing resilience measures, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) is distinct in assessing resilience as an individual’s ability to bounce back rather than the resources that contribute to their resilience. However, the BRS’ cultural consideration was also found to be limited. Hence, the purpose of this study was to translate the BRS into Filipino and evaluate the reliability and validity of its scores. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated in a heterogenous sample of 561 Filipino adults. Cronbach's Alpha was measured to provide evidence of the score's internal consistency. While confirmatory factor analysis was done to provide evidence of structural validity. Moreover, to provide support of convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity in relation to other resilience measures (Brief Resilience Scale, and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale-10) and to variables such as emotions (Life Orientation Test — Revised), perceived social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12), anxiety, and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), correlation analysis and discriminant functional analysis was conducted. The BRS-F scores showed adequate reliability (a = 0.753). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the BRS Filipino version is mono factorial (x2/df= 0.004; CFI= 0.969 >0.95; goodness of fit index= 0.998 > .90). Correlation analysis showed adequate evidence of convergent validity while providing new insights on divergent and discriminant validity. Thus, the Filipino version of the BRS is a valid and reliable means to assess resilience as the ability to bounce back among a Filipino population.Item Survival of nursery-reared juvenile milkfish, Chanos-chanos at different transport density, temperature and anaesthetic combinationsFailaman, Alan N. (University of the Philippines Visayas, 2020-06)Experiments were conducted to optimize transport conditions of nursery cultured juvenile milkfish in a closed plastic bag based transport system. In the first experiment combined effects of temperature (25-27°C, 20-22°C and 15-17°C) and anesthetics (2-phenoxyethanol at 200 mgL-1 for initial sedation and 80 mgL-1 for transport sedation) on oxygen consumption and survival ofjuvenile milkfish, Chanos chanos, were evaluated. Another experiment was conducted to optimize transport conditions at fish densities of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 gL-1 for 4, 8, 12,16 and 20 hour duration. The study showed no significant difference on oxygen consumption rates ofmilkfishjuveniles subjected to various water temperature range and anesthetic combinations. Temperature range of 20 to 22°C in combination with anaesthetic (2-phenoxyethanol) application was the best condition for long duration confinement of milkfish juvenile in closed plastic transport bags. The study established the optimum juvenile milkfish transport density and the effective transport duration. With anaesthetic application (2-phenoxyethanol), juvenile milkfish density of 600 gL-1 is effective for 20 hours oftransport duration, 800 gL-1 for 8 hours oftransport duration and 1000 gL-1 effective for 4 hours transport duration. These results provide a practical protocol for the transport of juvenile milkfish from the nursery culture area to the grow-out production area.