UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Antimicrobial activity of macrofungal basidiomycetous mycelia against Vibrio spp.Bagacay, Jann Felnesh Exe V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)Aquaculture is vital for global food security, producing 50% of the world’s fish. However, infectious diseases caused by fish pathogens like Vibrio species can lead to significant production losses. To address this issue, antimicrobial agents are commonly used. Macrofungal fruiting bodies and mycelia produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties. This study aims to: (a) assess antimicrobial activity in isolated macrofungal samples against the fish bacterial pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae, (b) compare two methods (agar plug and crude extracts) for antimicrobial activity, (c) determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using agar well diffusion and the agar plug methods, and (d) identify the macrofungal isolate with the highest antimicrobial activity. Ten morphospecies were collected from the University of the Philippines Visayas Miagao Campus. The samples were evaluated using the agar plug and agar well diffusion methods. The results showed antimicrobial activity against Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The activity index ranged from 0 to 0.83 and 0.22 to 0.78 for agar wells, and 0 to 1.00 and 0.70 to 1.30 for agar plugs, against V cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. Termitomyces globulus and Trametes sp. 1 exhibited the highest activity indices using the agar plug and agar well diffusion methods, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in antimicrobial activity against both test organisms. These findings demonstrate the potential of macrofungi as a valuable source of antimicrobial compounds for controlling fish pathogens in aquaculture. Further research could lead to the identification and utilization of these compounds to minimize production losses and improve disease management in aquaculture.Item Inhibition of bacterial Biofilm formation by selected wild Macrofungi from Miagao, IloiloAnacita, Beatrice L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)Biofilms are complex bacterial communities with high-stress tolerance and antimicrobial resistance, posing a global health concern. Mushrooms are known for their bioactive compounds, including antimicrobial properties, and may offer a solution for inhibiting biofilm formation. This study investigates the biofilm inhibition activity of wild macrofungi collected in Miagao, Iloilo. Five basidiomycetous macrofungi—Panaeolus sp., Chlorophyllum hortense, Lentinus concavus, Hexagonia hydnoides, and Daedalea sp.—were characterized. Bacterial strains were treated with equal concentrations of ethanolic mycelial extracts from the macrofungi samples and evaluated for adherence and inhibition percentage using a microtiter plate assay at 37°C for 72 hours. The results showed strong inhibition (>50%) of all macrofungi extracts against S. aureus. Hexagonia hydnoides exhibited the highest inhibition against both S. aureus (84.3%) and E. coli (14.1%). Chlorophyllum hortense, Lentinus concavus, Daedalea sp., and Panaeolus sp. demonstrated 83.7%, 82.4%, 81.25%, and 80% inhibition of S. aureus biofilm formation, respectively. However, the inhibition observed with all extracts against E. coli was not statistically significant (all <15%). The significant findings, particularly in inhibiting S. aureus biofilm production, indicate the presence of biological activity in the tested macrofungal extracts. These findings suggest their potential usefulness in the search for antibiofilm treatments