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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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2016 - 20186

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Nievales, Marie Frances J.

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    Species composition and distribution of mangrove soil fungi from Iloilo River, Iloilo City, Philippines
    Almoros, Peter Paul C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)
    Fungi are very diverse and ubiquitous microorganisms. Fungal diversity is an important aspect of the ecosystem that needs to be studied. There have been many studies regarding biodiversity of fungi in terrestrial, marine and riverine environments, but studies regarding fungi found in mangrove soil still needs to be done. This study focused on determining the species composition, distribution and ecology of mangrove soil fungi in the Iloilo River, Iloilo City. Soil fungi were sampled from three areas in the river representing the downstream, midstream and upstream areas. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics- cultural and microscopic features. There were 10 identified fungal species -Aspergillus cf. flavus, Aspergillus cf. niger, Aspergillus cf. ustus, Aspergillus cf. versicolor, Aspergillus sp. (1), Aspergillus sp. (2) and Aspergillus sp. (3), Geotrichum cf. candidum, Penicillium cf. citrinum and Penicillium sp. (1), while there were 2 unidentified species. Three of these species were very frequent across the sites -Aspergillus cf. flavus, Geotrichum cf. candidum and Penicillium cf. citrinum.
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    Living above and belowground biomass and carbon stock assessment of station 1, Taklong Island, Taklong Island National Marine Reserve, Guimaras, Philippines
    Alegado, Alexis Jude T. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)
    The Taklong National Marine Reserve is one of the marine protected sites in the country with a good cover of mangroves. This study assessed the species composition, diversity, aboveground biomass and the estimated carbon of the natural mangrove forest found in Taklong Island Station 1. Barangay Lapaz. Nueva Valencia. Guimaras. The study aimed to: a.) map out the area of the selected mangrove patches, b.) identify the species composition and diversity of the sampling site, c.) quantify the aboveground and belowground biomass, carbon stock of live vegetations, and d.) to convert the carbon stock to carbon dioxide equivalence (CO₂e) of the selected station. This study is only limited to the estimation of living aboveground, belowground and the carbon stock using the published allometric equations. Only 7 species of mangroves were found in the site belonging to 3 families. The mean stand basal area was 21.47 m2 ha-1. The species diversity is low at 0.23 due to low speciation of species of mangroves on the site. The total aboveground biomass was 506.89 Mg ha-1 and carbon dioxide emission potential (CO₂e) of 2,498.15Mg CO₂e. This shows that mangrove in Station 1 of Taklong Island has stored a considerable amount of carbon overtime. Hence, there must be a proper management and protection of this ecosystem.
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    The step up project: Strengthening teens through empowering programs against unintended pregnancy
    Alba, Nina Charlyn B.; Anasario, Jc Belle T.; Bautista, Seth Exequiel E.; Caliso, Femmy Rose E.; Catalan, Gabrielle A.; Espanol, Yzabel H.; Gonzaga, Royce Clea Maristel A.; Ilogon, Kent Paolo A.; Leoncio, Mabelle K.; Toledo, Mike T.; Vicencio, Geeza Gem S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Iloilo province is known to have high cases of teenage pregnancy in the Philippines, with the Municipality of Anilao topping since 2013. The STEP UP Project aims to lower the incidence of teenage pregnancy in Barangay Cag-an, Anilao, Iloilo through a positive developmental approach. It consists of a three-step intervention satisfying four component objectives during the six-week community immersion. Objective one is to organize a core group in both municipal and barangay level for the sustainability of the project which included the Local Government Unit of Anilao, barangay officials, and the teens and parents from the barangay. Objective two is to create a venue where teens can comfortably share their problems and sexuality wherein 13 teen facilitators were trained to aid in various activities planned for the project. Objective three is to increase knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on teenage pregnancy, adolescent health, and gender issues by 75% and with this, a pretest and posttest was administered to teens and parents to evaluate KAP. This resulted to a 6.97% (15.57-16.76) and 7.96% (17.51-18.91) increase in mean scores of teens and parents, respectively. The mean scores of both teens and parents were found to be statistically different at α 0.05 using paired T-test. Objective four is to help teens build confidence, improve their self-esteem, and persuade them to plan out for the future. Thus, a sports clinic was hosted and Buwas Damlag Fair was organized where different government agencies were invited to inspire the teens to pursue careers in the future. Overall, the project was a success since there is an increase of attendance by the parents and teens on activities and lectures, increase of mean scores in the pretest and posttest, and the objectives set were achieved. Implementation of this project to other barangays in Anilao is highly recommended.
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    Time series forecasting model of dengue incidence in the Province of Iloilo with meteorological factors as external regressors
    Acebuque, Jason Clement S.; Cuachon, Anna Nicole O.; Deala, Carl Laurence L.; Esmenos, Arian Claudine F.; Galupo, Bealou Patrishe D.; Jubelag, Carmelli S.; Legayada, Precious Jemimah D.; Namuag, Maulene Mae J.; Palmon, Gladys A.; Salvador, June Luis C.; Sampani, Gian Justin P.; Tolentino, Jimel V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    The province of Iloilo posted the highest increase of dengue cases in the Western Visayas region in 2016, despite the noted 2.2% decrease of clinically confirmed cases nationwide. The province has placed adequate attention on technical elements, specifically on the outbreak preparedness, yet it is important to give additional efforts to strengthen the surveillance and information system in the province. A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with external regressor (SARIMAX) model was formulated to forecast the future monthly number of dengue cases in Iloilo province using the meteorological parameters as the explanatory variables. It was found that only the rainfall variable significantly affects the number of dengue cases in Iloilo province, hence, the only variable included in the SARIMAX model as the external regressor. The final forecasting model SARIMAX(3,l,l)(l,0,0)12 is capable of representing the number of dengue cases in subsequent months with relative accuracy. The forecasts of dengue incidence from the final model are imperative for assessing future healthcare and public health programs in the province of Iloilo.
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    Project bakunanays: Bakuna ng kabataan ugaliin nang anak ay 'di sakitin
    Acebuque, Jason Clement S.; Cuachon, Anna Nicole O.; Deala, Cari Laurence L.; Esmenos, Arian Claudine F.; Galupo, Bealou Patrishe D.; Jubelag, Carmelli S.; Legayada, Precious Jemimah D.; Namuag, Maulene Mae J.; Palmon, Gladys A.; Salvador, June Luis C.; Sampani, Gian Justin P.; Tolentino, Jimel V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Based on the 2016 accomplishment report of the Iloilo Provincial Health Office (PHO) for School-Based Immunization (SBI), the municipality of Pavia performed 50.9% and 84.4% for Measles-Rubella (MR) and Tetanus-diphtheria (Td), respectively. After reviewing the health record of the Municipal Health Office of Pavia, it was found that Ungka II Elementary School had the least compliance. This project aimed to reduce the high refusal rate in MR and Td vaccines from 32.0% to 0- 10.0% among children in the barangay by the end of the field practice. To attain the goal of the project, the following strategic components were implemented: formation of a core group called ImmuniTeam, age-appropriate health education through Wastong BakUNAWA sessions, and promotive and up-to-date immunization campaigns. In addition, a mobile ImmuniStation was constructed and ImmuniStar charts were utilized during the BAKULILITS sessions with the children. The results of the pre-test showed that the mean percentage scores of the children before the intervention was 65% and after the intervention, post-test scores significantly increased to 82% mean score of the children (p value<0.05; 95% confidence level). The knowledge component of the pre-test and post-test for the parents or guardians resulted in a statistically significant 20% increase, resulting to 84% average mean score from the 64% prior to intervention (p value<0.05; 95% confidence level). The attitudes of the respondents registered a 6% increase, which is not statistically significant, resulting to a change in the mean percentage score from 70% to 76% (p value>0.05; 95% confidence level). The practices of the parents also showed a relative improvement from the pre-test results. Lastly, there was 100% compliance for the upcoming SBI at the end of the project implementation, as indicated in their consent forms. The team, therefore, effectively reduced the refusal rate for both MR and Td vaccines from 32% to 0%.
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    Influence of sediments of varying grain size composition on growth, survival and burrowing activity of the Ball Sea cucumber, Phyllophorus proteus (Bell,1884) juveniles
    Amuenda, Jazriel Ann A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)
    Phyllophorus proteus is a high-value sea cucumber species in Philippines but is also one of the most exploited. Hatchery-produced juveniles are used for stock enhancement as a means of restoring depleted population however biology of P. proteus have not yet been studied on. Burrowing incidence of ball sea cucumber P. proteus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) juveniles (4-5 length x ≤1mm width), growth, survival and their associated daily behaviour were compared in 3 different substrate collected from Sagay, Negros Occ. (A-mostly coarse), Panobolon, Guimaras (B-intermediate) and Carles, Iloilo (C-mostly fine). This was to establish the most suitable type of substrate to use in the culture system for this high-value sea cucumber. The highest incidence of burrowing was observed in sediment profile C but the difference in the mean number of burrowing individuals between treatments was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). After 4 weeks, growth of P. proteus juveniles was significantly higher (p<0.05) when reared on profile C (growth rate: 0.79±.13mm %d-l) than either profile B (p=0.009) (0.34±0.14 mm %d-1) or profile A (p=0.030) (0.21±0.11mm %d-1). Survival is highest in profile B (S=100%), intermediate in profile C and lowest in profile A although the difference is insignificant (p>0.05) Very fine-fine-grained sediments is the most preferred by ball sea cucumber juveniles while coarse sand seems to be unsuitable.