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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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2015 - 20167

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Fernandez, Pepito R., Jr.SDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 13 - Climate action

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    Economic valuation of seagrasses in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras: A contingent valuation study
    Bundal, Kristine Shiela Mae B.; Taperla, Roald Ray B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    This study assessed the willingness of the residents of Guimbal, Iloilo, to pay for the conservation of seagrasses in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras. The study was conducted to find solutions to the problem of growing seagrass decline in the area. The lack of necessary policies or programs and conservation financing, that would protect and improve the integrity of the resource are putting a lot of pressure not only on the associate resources, but also on the livelihood of the people who are dependent on the resource. The contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to elicit people’s willingness-to-pay to contribute to a conservation trust fund for the protection and improvement of the state of the estimated 20- hectare area of seagrasses in Barangay Tando. It has been under serious threats of rapid decline ever since the occurrence of the 2006 M/T Solar-1 oil spill, which also affected the area. The study found out that 89.32% of the respondents would be willing to pay to support the conservation of the seagrass ecosystem. The study also found out that the primary motivation behind the willingness-to-pay of the respondents was their concern for the benefit of future generations. In addition, based on the people’s WTP, an estimated amount of PHP 900,917.64 could be raised annually to fund or support the conservation of the seagrasses and its associate resources in Barangay Tando. Given this potential source of revenue, the residents preferred a payment collection scheme through additional taxes on property or utility bills like electricity bill. Furthermore, this study reveals pertinent socioeconomic and conservation financing implications that need to be considered in managing seagrass resources.
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    Conservation values of selected Bacolod City High School students for coral reefs in Sagay Marine Reserve, Negros Occidental
    Bocario, Sydney B.; Togonon, Celina C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    Most studies on economic valuation take household heads as respondents since they earn money for the family and usually make most of the decisions. Other sectors of the society, especially the students or members of the youth, are rarely involved in these kinds of studies. Contrary to popular practices, this study considered the youth, particularly high school students, as the respondents of the survey. Through stratified and systematic random sampling, 400 respondents were chosen from five public high schools. Data was gathered from 80 students per school through a group administered survey. A protocol for a group-administered survey was constructed in order to ensure that data is collected in an unbiased, organized and systematic way. The willingness-to-pay of students in public high schools in Bacolod City for the conservation of the coral reefs in Sagay Marine Reserve (SMR) amounted to Php 3,156,894.02, per month. The selected mode of payment was through student government collection. The top reasons for their decision to pay were because of existence values, altruistic motive, and bequest value. Some of them were not willing to pay because they lacked funds, they did not trust the government, and/or they believe that the residents in coastal areas were the main reason why the resource is depleting. The factors that affected the students’ willingness-to-pay were price bid, household size, monthly income and perceived importance. This study found that high school students can contribute resources either in money or in-kind, and in fact the monetary WTP was within their capacity and cash received. This study may be significant to the youth by amplifying their roles in the conservation of natural resources. The methods employed in this study may also benefit future researchers and policy implementers.
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    Issues of multi-actor collaboration in the fisheries sector: Localization of post-Yolanda rehabilitation frameworks in Roxas City, Capiz
    Bisan, Flora May D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)
    As a calamity without peer, typhoon Yolanda can be perceived as an event that brought about a challenging political landscape for Northern Panay communities. The extent of the damage incurred from the typhoon in 2013 stimulated large-scale rehabilitation activities from multiple actors which entailed two things: first is the evolution of the functions of government agencies for the fisheries sector and second is the introduction of non-government actors in the playing field. Local Government Units and civil society organizations are important political institutions because of their direct contact with the community making them the immediate responders during emergencies. However, Yolanda tends to unmake these political institutions as they face challenges with resources and program skills in fulfilling their mandates for rehabilitation. Using available secondary data, key informant interviews and focus group discussion, the study examines how the post — Yolanda Rehabilitation Frameworks are localized by these actors in carrying out their rehabilitation programs to restore the livelihoods of the affected individuals in the fisheries sector in Roxas City, Capiz. The study analyzes localization by examining the changes in the roles of government agencies on the fisheries sector and by looking into the extent of collaboration of multiple actors involved in rehabilitation through an integrated theoretical framework based on the Structural - Functional Theory by Talcott Parsons (1961) and the Levels of Community Linkage Model developed by Teresa Hogue (1993). This study provides a picture on how rehabilitation after Yolanda is presently being carried out by both the government and non-government actors which has critical implications for the recovery of client fishers.
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    Economic analysis and adaptation measures of small-scale aquaculture in Roxas City, Capiz
    Baes, Marla May A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    This research was conducted to find out the contribution of the aquaculture industry to the city and to the small-scale farmers of Roxas City. It also determined the socio-economic impacts brought by the hydrometeorological events and identified the adaptation measures employed by the local government and the aquaculture operators. This study used cost and returns analysis, market based approaches and OLS regression to analyze the data gathered from the 187 small-scale milkfish, mussel, and oyster farmers in Roxas City. The findings showed that the aquaculture industry significantly contributed to revenue, employment, production and profit. However, the industry was affected by hydrometeorological events which brought about significant damage cost. Most of the aquaculture operators employed various adaptation strategies to cope with these hydrometeorological occurences. Some of them, however, did not find it necessary to adapt because either they do not have enough money to finance adaptation strategies or they perceive that the impacts are not that significant. This study recommends that the government should provide other alternative climate-resilient livelihoods to the small- scale operators. It should also employ sustainable adaptation measures aside from providing trainings and seminars about aquaculture operation such as by integrating climate change adaptation techniques to aquaculture farming.
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    Integrating indigenous people's rights and development -oriented goals and interests in DRRM-CCA program: a case study of the Aeta community in Brgy.Mabuyong , Anini-y , Antique
    Almendras, Denn Marie; Palomo, Megan; Tumaca, Jerald (2016-06)
    This study is about indigenous people's (IPs) rights and development-oriented goals. Specifically, it tackles on how their rights and goals are incorporated into Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation (DRRM-CCA) plans and programs. The researchers chose the Aeta community of Barangay Mabuyong, Anini- y, Antique as research participants because it was able to fulfill the criteria of inclusion set by the researchers. They were also selected because they were affected by Typhoon Yolanda. The study used Mixed Methods to gather data. These consisted of keyinformant interviews, focused group discussions, secondary data analysis, surveys and transect walk. All these were deployed to gather data on the situation of the IPs in Mabuyong before and after Typhoon Yolanda in the following aspects: physico- environmental; econo-human; politico- institutional and;socio-cultural. The researchers also gathered information about the incorporation of IP interests, and the level of intervention of the LGUs in local DRR initiatives and development plans. Lastly, the researchers looked into the lessons learned after Typhoon Yolanda and surveyed the level of the community resilience, awareness, and response towards disaster.The findings revealed that: (a) the physico- environmental, econo-human, politico-institutional and socio-cultural contexts of the IP community are faced with a high level of vulnerability and risk exposure; (b) The incorporation of IP interests in the DRR and development programs revealed two contradicting views: The LGU's assessment was positive, and the incorporation of IP interests in policy and plans were present while the NGO and the IP community perceived such incorporation to be absent, insufficient and largely incompatible towards the IP needs; (c) Lastly, community awareness, resilience, and response of the IPs of Mabuyong were significantly low according to the survey. The study also found that the establishment of linkages among sectors and the active participation as well as reconciliation of the IPs in planning are necessary. The Typhoon Yolanda experience served as one proof that the IPs of Mabuyong needs more attention and assistance from the municipality.
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    Cost analysis of coral gardening in Bato Bukay MPA, Guimbal, Iloilo
    Acob, Philina Riva L.; Rojas, Jan Katherine C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    This study analyzes the costs of coral gardening in Bato Bukay MPA in Guimbal. Iloilo. Cognizant of the degradation of their coastal areas and fisheries, the community of Bgy Nalundan, where the marine protected area is located, sought to find solution through marine conservation and coral gardening. Being the habitat and breeding grounds of fishes, coral reefs are one of the most important natural resources that people must protect. Hence, several projects were implemented to propagate the establishment of Marine Protected Areas such as the deployment of artificial reefs and coral gardening activities. Costs of coral gardening in the site were estimated using key informant interviews with individuals who were involved with or who were knowledgeable on the establishment and maintenance of the project, and from secondary sources, thereby enabling the computation of the total costs. A survey of randomly selected participants that included Contingent Valuation Method was conducted in barangays Nalundan, Calampitao and Cabubugan, to determine the socio-economic profile and estimate the local community support through their willingness-to-pay and willingness to support in kind. Proportional sampling formula, adjusted to small population was used to determine the number of these participants across the barangays. The total cost for coral gardening on its first year was estimated as Php 336.684 combining all the fixed, variable and opportunity costs incurred. Out of the total costs, 40% amounted as fixed costs, while 33% were variable costs, and 27% constituted opportunity costs. More people were willing to pay in-kind by volunteering than to pay in monetary terms for the project’s fund for sustainability.
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    Willingness-to-pay for the conservation of Mararison Island and its surrounding waters in Culasi, Antique
    Aguirre, Angelluz C.; Jauod, Ferly Mae P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    The island of Mararison in the municipality of Culasi, Antique Province is rich in natural resources and its beautiful scenic view has been attracting tourists. Overtime, the number of tourists has increased, making the island and its surrounding waters vulnerable to degradation. Protection and conservation of the island and its surrounding waters will promote its sustainability. This study was conducted to determine the willingness-to-pay (WTP) of the local residents of the municipality of Culasi for the conservation of Mararison Island and its surrounding waters. The study also described the socio-demographic and economic characteristics, level of awareness, knowledge and attitude towards the conservation and the reasons for the willingness to pay of the residents for the conservation of the island and its surrounding waters. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to determine the study participants’ WTPs. Binary logit regression was conducted to identify the factors affecting the study participants’ WTP. A pilot-tested interview schedule was used to collect data from 300 randomly selected study participants in 10 barangays in the municipality of Culasi in January to April 2016. The results showed that 86 percent of the study participants were willing to pay (with adjustment to certainty) for the conservation program. Without adjustment to the level of certainty, the annual household income, the randomly assigned bid prices, and knowledge index were the variables that affect the willingness-to-pay of the study participants. With adjustment to the level of certainty, the age, educational attainment (elementary and high school), knowledge index and randomly assigned bid prices were the variables that affect the willingness-to-pay of the study participants. The annual mean WTP of the study participants with and without adjustment to the level of certainty were Pl66 and Pl40, respectively. This study can be used by the municipality of Culasi as basis in planning for the conservation program of the Mararison Island and its surrounding waters.