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UPV Theses and Dissertations

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/10

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Fernandez, Pepito R., Jr.Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Arts in Political Science

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    Comparative analysis of the best practices in ecosystem-based watershed planning and management in the Philippines and Canada
    Cabios, John Paul G.; Untaran, Paul Joseph N. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    The Philippines is one of the many examples of a developing state vulnerable to natural disaster that erodes soil and water quality. With the continuous evolution of watershed management practices and the growing importance of climate change mitigation, there is a need to reassess the structure, function, and policy approach of the different stakeholders. And due to climate change and anthropogenic impacts, the environment especially watershed and agricultural farms in Canada are greatly affected. Because of this, there is a need to create environmental management practices to mitigate and minimize the effects of climate change and human interventions. The objectives of this paper is (1) to provide an analysis of the best watershed management practices in Canada and Philippines, (2) to identify governance structures and inter-governmental coordination, and (3) to determine planning approaches and community and stakeholder engagement. This paper will discuss generic models of governance in environmental policy and the different approaches to water management in both countries. This paper will also compare the differences between the models and approaches used in the two countries. And lastly, this paper will evaluate the use of watershed management practices in Canada and Philippines in order to find out the most compatible and reliable method or approach of watershed management.
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    A comparative study on intervention policies anitiatives against human trafficking for sex in Iloilo City and Boracay, Malay, Aklan
    Berano, Erlie R.; Bolinas, Nicollete A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    Human trafficking is considered as one of the most rampant and pervasive crime because of its transnational nature. The increasing statistics of human trafficking cases is alarming thus the call for a more stable and strong intervention policies and initiatives against human trafficking. Our study pondered on the existing intervention policies and initiatives against human trafficking focusing on sexual exploitation. The main argument of this study rests on the following questions. First, what are the existing intervention policies and initiatives against human trafficking for sex. Second, on whether and how identified challenges such as victim identification, public awareness and underground transactions affect the implementation of the policies and programs. And lastly, how is the level of community participation despite the presence of existing challenges. The researchers employed a Process Theory Integration that entails to merge different theories from different discipline in order to interpret the data gathered. The different theories used by the researchers are Economic Theory to explain the presence of underground transactions Prospect theory to give details on public awareness and Consent Theory to elucidate on the topic of victim identification. Data gathering in this study ranged from the use of secondary data, community profiling, key informant interviews and participant observation. The observed findings show that the implementation of the existing policies and programs against human trafficking are greatly affected by the identified challenges. Furthermore, there is low level of conununity participation however the citizens are willing to help in tire implementation process. The actors that are involved in combating human trafficking should review the policies for possible loopholes and strictly implement the ordinances and programs
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    Doors wide open? The attitudes of 82nd Infantry (Bantay Laya) Batallion straight male army personnel toward gay male army colleagues and civil-military operations stakeholders
    Bautista, Maria Theresa Louise; Mana-ay, Frances Ann (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)
    The Philippine Army is a male dominated bastion with a macho warrior culture. Its traditional functions of security and defense have long emphasized masculinity as an important foundation of the institution. Straight men have most of the power and influence in the organization. In 2009, the Armed Forces of the Philippines Lifted the gay ban, allowing gay men to serve in the military. The admission of gay men has become a sensitive issue and was viewed as a threat for the emasculation of the institution. There is an apprehension that allowing gay men to work in the army will negatively affect group cohesion and performance, thus, impairing its function as a force. There is also the probability that gay men who have become members of the army will be vulnerable to discrimination. Through focus group discussions, this paper compared the attitude of straight male army officers and enlisted personnel in the 82nd Infantry' Battalion toward the gay men they have encountered during civil military operations and toward their gay colleagues in the army. It also looked into the actual behavior of the straight male army members and the degree of stigmatization experienced by the gay men inside the camp. Their work environment (civil-military operations, combat and office work), living conditions, and leisure were evaluated. The straight male army officers’ concept of masculinity was also assessed. The policy responses of the institution after the lift of gay ban were looked into. A key-informant interview with a self-identified gay male army officer was also conducted. This research showed that the Philippine army does not completely accept gay men as part of the institution. In the workplace, gay male members of the army are underestimated and indirectly discriminated in a way that they are not usually sent to combat operations but are mostly assigned to civil-military operations work. This is because of the prevailing stereotype that they are soft and feminine. In the camp’s living conditions, it was found out that some of the straight army members are uncomfortable with the presence of gay men. Superior ranking officers also expressed their sentiment saying that gay male army members may tarnish the reputation of the institution which takes pride in their masculinity. There is also no policy inside the camp that safeguards the welfare of gay men and protects them from discrimination. This goes to show that the Philippine Military is not ready for the lift of gay ban and is yet to set a non discriminatory environment for the admission of gay men in the institution.
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    Integrating indigenous people's rights and development -oriented goals and interests in DRRM-CCA program: a case study of the Aeta community in Brgy.Mabuyong , Anini-y , Antique
    Almendras, Denn Marie; Palomo, Megan; Tumaca, Jerald (2016-06)
    This study is about indigenous people's (IPs) rights and development-oriented goals. Specifically, it tackles on how their rights and goals are incorporated into Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation (DRRM-CCA) plans and programs. The researchers chose the Aeta community of Barangay Mabuyong, Anini- y, Antique as research participants because it was able to fulfill the criteria of inclusion set by the researchers. They were also selected because they were affected by Typhoon Yolanda. The study used Mixed Methods to gather data. These consisted of keyinformant interviews, focused group discussions, secondary data analysis, surveys and transect walk. All these were deployed to gather data on the situation of the IPs in Mabuyong before and after Typhoon Yolanda in the following aspects: physico- environmental; econo-human; politico- institutional and;socio-cultural. The researchers also gathered information about the incorporation of IP interests, and the level of intervention of the LGUs in local DRR initiatives and development plans. Lastly, the researchers looked into the lessons learned after Typhoon Yolanda and surveyed the level of the community resilience, awareness, and response towards disaster.The findings revealed that: (a) the physico- environmental, econo-human, politico-institutional and socio-cultural contexts of the IP community are faced with a high level of vulnerability and risk exposure; (b) The incorporation of IP interests in the DRR and development programs revealed two contradicting views: The LGU's assessment was positive, and the incorporation of IP interests in policy and plans were present while the NGO and the IP community perceived such incorporation to be absent, insufficient and largely incompatible towards the IP needs; (c) Lastly, community awareness, resilience, and response of the IPs of Mabuyong were significantly low according to the survey. The study also found that the establishment of linkages among sectors and the active participation as well as reconciliation of the IPs in planning are necessary. The Typhoon Yolanda experience served as one proof that the IPs of Mabuyong needs more attention and assistance from the municipality.
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    Women in male dominated institution: A look into the experiences of female BS Marine Transportation students of John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo
    Alegre, Anavie R.; Cortez, Jee Princess C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)
    This study sought to determine the gendered experiences of female students in John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation Maritime University - Arevalo and its implications on the integration of women in male dominated courses and professions. This study utilized Joan Acker's theory of gendered organizations as point of reference on how organizations reproduce and maintain sexualized attitudes and assumptions. This study explores female students’ (1) learning experiences, (2) the attitudes of teachers towards them, (3) their relationship with male classmates, (4) access to scholarships, gender sensitive facilities and programs, (5) their perceptions on their experiences and its (5) implications to seafaring works. The data collection made use of unstructured interview schedules and focus group discussions with female students to reveal their experiences, attitudes and assumptions on studying in a male-dominated institution geared towards a male-dominated career. In-depth interviews were also conducted with professional and general education teachers, administrators and the staff of JBLFMU. The findings of the study convey that female students in the university experience benevolent sexism, which refers to considerations, special treatments towards female students in the said university. This treatment encompasses designation of safer and easier tasks to female students. This entails that subtle sexism exists in the university. In addition, despite initial efforts to promote gender equality in the university system, the JBLFMU still lacks mechanisms that cater to the needs of tlie female students.