UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Urbanization and other factors affecting crime: An empirical analysis for the Philippines (1980-2012)Cabangal, Jaifreed; Año, Joselito Z., Jr. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)The world regards crime as a function dependent on the performance of law enforcement. International statistics focuses on the quality and quantity of law enforcement to prevent or lessen crime. Earlier studies on the economics of crime also focus on prevention of recidivism through the use of penalties and sentences. Recently, studies on identifying the relationship of macroeconomic data and crime are becoming popular. In the Pliilippines, academics and public officials acknowledge the effect of macroeconomic factors such as urbanization, poverty, inflation, national income, and unemployment to criminal activities in the country. This study focuses on the identification of the aforementioned factors that have significant long run relationship with crime. Moreover, the study also took into account police visibility as a factor to be tested because it is stated in one of the older studies regarding the economics of crime. Statistically, macroeconomic data are difficult to regress directly because of its nonstationarity. In lieu of this problem, Johansen cointegration is used for the analysis for it specializes on variables that are nonstationary at level form but stationary at first level. Most of the data are taken from the national body governing the statistics of the country and World Bank. There are two models that are tested. The first model is the cointegration of crime as the exogenous variable with urban population growth, inflation, unemployment, and national income to represent urbanization in the Philippines. The second model took into account crime, inflation, secondary and tertiary education enrollment rate, police visibility, national income, and unemployment as a consolidated model to represent the opportunity cost in engaging in criminal activities. The results shown that in the first model, all variables of urbanization have long run relationship with crime except for national income. On the other hand, the second model’s result showed that all variables that represent opportunity cost have long run relationship with crime except national income and tertiary education enrollment.Item Development or displacement: Experiences of coastal residents of Iloilo City affected by the Iloilo Beach ForestBonites, Ma. Sheena Danica D.; De los Angeles, Zyril Jeff G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)Urban green spaces support sustainable urban development but can lead to displacement known as green gentrification. Iloilo City's development of the Iloilo Beach Forest in Barangay Boulevard, Molo exemplifies these urban greening efforts. This study examines the impact of the Iloilo Beach Forest on the coastal residents of the city, focusing on their experiences, sentiments, and understanding of the environment and sustainable development. It aims to (1) understand the affected residents' experiences and sentiments, (2) identify changes, and (3) explore their understanding of the environment and sustainable development in relation to the Iloilo Beach Forest. To gather data, key informant interviews were conducted, and relevant documents and plans obtained from two city government offices were reviewed. Thematic analysis and triangulation methods were employed for data analysis. The study adopts the three-dimensional framework of Sax et al. (2022), which examines the relationship between green gentrification and urban greening, encompassing conceptual foundations, design and implementation, and socio-spatial changes. The findings indicate that the affected residents' experiences and sentiments were shaped by the lack of social preparation activities and absence of post-demolition assistance from the local government. Furthermore, they expressed that they anticipate further changes in their livelihoods and their barangay’s reputation upon project completion. The participants displayed environmental stewardship, but their understanding of the environment and sustainable development in relation to the Iloilo Beach Forest remained unclear. The study underscores the significance of incorporating participatory approaches in the development and implementation of green urban projects. It highlights the need for active engagement of affected communities to ensure their involvement, address their concerns, and promote sustainable development in the context of urban greening initiatives.Item Factors affecting fertility choice among married couples in Oton, IloiloAutentico, Sheila M.; Cagalagawan, Aiza Maris G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)The study identified the different factors affecting fertility choice of married couples in Oton, Iloilo. There were 100 participants from the three barangays in Oton. Iloilo namely: Trapiche, Poblacion South, and Buray. The dependent variable is measured by the actual number of living children the married couples have. The independent variables were classified into four categories: economic factors, biological factors, psychological factors, and geographical factors. The multivariate analysis revealed that the significant variables found to significantly affect the decision on the number of children by married couples (at 5% level of significance) are gross monthly income of the household, years of formal education of the wife, age of wife at first marriage, ideal number of children by the couple and perception of children to be of help in old age. However, the R-squared value of 30.78 indicates that there are still some factors that were not included in the model. Nevertheless, the significant variables had the expected signs.Item Socio-economic conditions and LGU responses to urbanization of the municipalities of Leganes, Oton, Pavia, and San Miguel before and after the formation of Metro Iloilo-Guimaras Economic Development Council (MIGEDC)Acosta, Mabelle E.; Basister, Wina Irah D. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-03)Urbanization is a process which promotes economic growth and development. On the other hand, it has its corresponding externalities spilled over from the urban areas to the adjacent locales. One of the management strategies used by the local government units (LGUs) in order to address the overwhelming consequences of urbanization is alliance formation. Limited studies were conducted to establish socio-economic contributions of urbanization to the suburban areas. This study aims to describe and compare the socio-economic condition and LGU responses to urbanization of the municipalities of Oton, Leganes, Pavia, and San Miguel before and after the formation of Metro Iloilo-Guimaras Economic Development Council (MIGEDC). The result of the study showed that there is a need for greater collaboration in various areas such as: land use management in accordance to each municipality’s special functional role; water and energy management to foster economies of scale, health services since the pressing problem of air pollution excludes no one; public safety services to establish a functional disaster and crime prevention system; environmental management for sustainable development; infrastructure services for complementary plans and projects; and investment opportunity promotions. Communication and education services need not be further integrated when it comes to managing the externalities of urbanization in Iloilo City.