UPV Digital RepositoryUPV-DRUniversity of the Philippines Visayas
 

UPV Theses and Dissertations

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/10

Browse

Filters

2005 - 200912010 - 20165

Settings

AGROVOC Keyword: search.filters.agrovoc.methanol

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and comparative bioefficacy assessment of Camansi (Artocarpus camansi) seed extracts for in vitro antibacterial activity
    Bantayan, Andrea Marie B. (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    This study was conducted to compare and assess the antibacterial and antioxidative properties, and to screen for the presence of phytochemical constituents in the different solvent-derived extracts of Artocarpus camansi seeds from Mintal, Davao City. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids in the methanol extract. The antibacterial efficacy was determined by agar well diffusion method against B. subtilis and E. coli. Streptomycin was used as a standard drug for the study of antibacterial activity. Sensitivity in terms of zones of inhibition and phytochemical composition of the different extracts were also determined. Results showed that all extracts were effective against both of the bacteria tested with the pet. ether and DCM extracts showing moderate activity, and the methanol extract exhibiting strong activity against B. subtilis and E. coli. Furthermore, methanol extract of A. camansi seeds possessed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity. In the DPPH method, the pet. ether, DCM, and methanol extracts showed free radical inhibition of 18.96±0.16%, 21.62±0.14%, and 90.05±0.08%, respectively. The IC50 value obtained for the methanol seed extract at concentration 0.05 g/mL was 6.67±0.004 g/L. The current findings suggest that the phytochemicals present in the methanol extract of Artocarpus camansi seeds (alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids) may be responsible for the antibacterial and antioxidant activity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Cytotoxicity and anti-vibriotic activity of Noni as an ethnobotanical
    Arrojo, Marley C. (Division of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-12)
    The crude methanolic extract of Acacia, Alibutbut, Bayabas, Biab, Botolan, Bulobitu-un, Buyo, Kamunsil, Kasla, Kayos, Langka-langka, Noni, Pasaw, Sampaguita, Tabong, Talisay, Yellow bell, were bioassayed for their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp nauplii assay. Among the plant extracts, Noni gave the highest LCso equal to 943.329 pg/mL. Noni was the least toxic among the plants tested and its crude methanolic extract was found to have activity against V. harveyi with an anti-vibriotic index of 0.256. Sequential extraction using solvents with increasing polarity gave fractions that exhibited anti-vibriotic property but the more polar ethyl acetate fraction gave the highest anti-vibriotic index of 0.513. It appears that the anti-vibrio constituent is polar. Using VLC, the ethyl acetate fraction was further separated into eighteen fractions which were in turn pooled into five fractions, Fa, Fb, Fc, Fd, and Fe based on their TLC profile. Anti-vibriotic activity of each fraction was determined. Fraction Fa has the highest anti-vibriotic index (0.192) but this is much lower than 0.513. There must be some synergy among the polar constituents that exhibited a higher anti-vibriotic index in the ethyl acetate fraction compared to fraction Fa. Based on several color reactions, ethyl acetate fraction may contain any of the following plant metabolites such as tannins, saponins, phenolic groups, conjugated double bonds, flavonoids, sterols, terpenes, except alkaloids.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of selected basidiomycetes from UPV, Miagao, Iloilo Philippines
    Ambubuyog, Marja Victoria U. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-03)
    The Basidiomycetes represent an enormous source for natural products with diverse chemical structures and wideranging antimicrobial activity. This study was done to investigate the antibacterial property of selected species of basidiomycetes aqueous and methanolic extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Specifically, it aimed to (1) determine the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition; (2) determine the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition; and (3) compare the aqueous and methanolic extracts of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition. A total number of ten species were collected namely Auricularia sp., Schizophyllum sp., Trametes pubescens, Trametes versicolor, Trametes elegans, Ganoderma sp.(l), Ganoderma sp.(2), Stereum sp. and two unknowns. Dried samples were crushed and extracted with water and methanol. Antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The results showed a negative to weak inhibition against the test microorganisms which is inconsistent with the results of previous studies. It could possibly be attributed to the preparation of the samples and the fruiting body maturity that influenced the antibacterial potential of the samples. It appears that fruiting bodies used in the present study may not be reliable sources of bioactive compounds for antibacterial activity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of Batuan (Garcinia binucao) fruits
    Albano, Zella Faye (Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010)
    In this study, fresh fruits of batuan (Garcinia binucao) was evaluated for its antiinflammatory and antibacterial activities. The anti-inflammatory assay using Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema Method showed that n-hexane extracts (65.79%) and dichloromethane extracts (64.91%) exhibited anti-inflammatory activities comparable to Indomethacin, the positive control (67.11%). The antibacterial assay using Paper Disk Diffusion Method showed that crude methanolic extracts, n-hexane extracts and dichloromethane extracts at 1000pg/mL were most effective against Staphylococcus aureus. The microbial indexes were 0.39, 0.47 and 0.50 respectively. The positive control, Amoxicillin has a 3.39 microbial index. The components of the three most active extracts (crude methanolic, n-hexane and DCM extracts) from both assays were separated through Thin Layer Chromatography and subjected to phytochemical tests. Crude methanolic extracts contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds and cardiac glycosides. Both n-hexane and DCM extracts contained terpenes, alkaloids, saponins, phenolic compounds and cardiac glycosides. These bioactive compounds present may have been responsible for the antiinflammatory and antibacterial activities of the extracts.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effects of crude methanolic extract of purple nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus L.) on the maturation of golfish oocytes
    Acebuque, Florel May C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)
    Cyperus rotundus L. is a pernicious weed, which is traditionally used for different medical purposes and is locally recommended for antifertility purposes. A number of pharmacologically important constituents have been previously isolated from the plant. This study aims to test the effects of the crude methanolic extract of C. rotundus L. on the maturation of goldfish oocytes. The extract is found to induce 100% maturation at 5 mg/mL concentration. However, it becomes toxic at higher concentration. All goldfish oocytes (100% ) has died at 20 mg/mL concentration. The steroids and flavonoids present in the plant may be responsible for inducing goldfish oocyte maturation, whereas the alkaloids may be toxic to the oocytes. Further studies using mammalian systems in vivo and characterization of individual constituents are recommended.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antibacterial activity of Aqueous and Methanol extracts of selected Basidiomycetes from UPV, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines
    Ambubuyog, Marja Victoria U. (Division of Biological Science, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, 2013-03)
    The Basidiomycetes represent an enormous source for natural products with diverse chemical structures and wide-ranging antimicrobial activity. This study was done to investigate the antibacterial property of selected species of basidiomycetes aqueous and methanolic extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Specifically, it aimed to (1) determine the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition; (2) determine the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition; and (3) compare the aqueous and methanolic extracts of selected species of basidiomycetes in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the zone of inhibition. A total number of ten species were collected namely Auricularia sp., Schizophyllum sp., Trametes pubescens, Trametes versicolor, Trametes elegans, Ganoderma sp.(l), Ganoderma sp.(2), Stereum sp. and two unknowns. Dried samples were crushed and extracted with water and methanol. Antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The results showed a negative to weak inhibition against the test microorganisms which is inconsistent with the results of previous studies. It could possibly be attributed to the preparation of the samples and the fruiting body maturity that influenced the antibacterial potential of the samples. It appears that fruiting bodies used in the present study may not be reliable sources of bioactive compounds for antibacterial activity.