UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Reverse appropriation of the state's cultural nationalism: The case of the Bantoanon indigenous cultural community and the indigenous people's rights act of 1997Balla, Airelle Shem E. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)Despite the growing corpus of research on cultural nationalism, the state's role in producing cultural nationalism in a post-colonial and non-western setting and the phenomena from a bottom-up perspective continues to be little explored. This study examines the conditions under which national political leaders pursued policies to protect the cultural heritage of the country's indigenous cultural communities for the aims of political nationalism. From a top- down perspective, the study looks at the context, intent, content, state's implementation and caveats of the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997. While from the bottom-up perspective, the study looks at how the Bantoanon indigenous community mobilizes and organizes to navigate through state bureaucracy and ‘reappropriate’ the state's nationalism to meet their cultural goals. To examine the phenomena, the study on the textual analysis of existing written primary and secondary sources supplemented with oral interviews of key informants and a review of available literature. It finds that at the national level, political motives partly animated the support of political leaders for indigenous cultural heritage protection policies; that the state used heritage protection policies to pursue its political purposes; and that the support for political leaders for indigenous cultural heritage protection policies was premised on the condition that it did not interfere with the state's interests and diminish the state's rights. While at the Bantoanon indigenous cultural communities level, it finds that despite the caveats embedded in the country's heritage protection policies, the indigenous cultural community could mobilize and assert its rights, thus enabling it to ‘reappropriate’ the state's political institutions to meet its own cultural objectives. This thesis, therefore, argues that the relationship between the two parties under IPRA is mutually beneficial, with both the state and indigenous cultural communities finding some utility in the law.Item Guerilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay: History and significanceAntiquiera, Remigio G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1989-03)This is a research paper on the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay from April 15, 1942, up to the final disbandment of the different guerrilla units on July 31, 1945. The objectives of the study are: to find out the origin, goals, and objectives of the guerrilla movement in Oton; to identify the persons involve in the founding of the guerrilla movement in the area during the Japanese occupation of Panay; and to find out the significance of the guerrilla movement in Oton in relation to Panay's struggle to be liberated from the Japanese forces. The purpose of this study is to present, in a descriptive manner, the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay. The sources used are published and unpublished materials of soldiers and guerrillas, regarding their activities and experiences during the occupations. Also, the researcher was able to interview persons were actively participating in the guerrilla movement at that time, and other persons who had witnessed the Japanese occupation. The study was able to bring into light the nature of the guerrilla movement in Oton during the Japanese occupation of Panay and its significance in the defeat of the Japanese. The guerrillas of Oton, together with other unite attached to the 63rd RCT, were able to fill the gap in the overall plan of resistance in the southern towns of Iloilo. It was their active resistance that help facilitate the drive of the Americans to liberate the southern part of Iloilo. This, subsequently, weakened the southern defenses of the Japanese and enabled the combined force of Filipinos and Americans to liberate the rest of Panay.Item Kalalat-an sa banwa kang Culasi: A descriptive history of disasters and disaster management of the local government in the Municipality of Culasi (1940-2013)Alon, Glaiza Ann C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)This research paper is a descriptive history of disasters and disaster management in the municipality of Culasi from 1940 to 2013. The municipality of Culasi is located in the Philippine archipelago which is prone to disasters. Over the years, the municipality had experienced various kinds of disastrous natural hazards and disasters, including tropical cyclones, flood, earthquakes, and landslides. Tropical storms and cyclones are the most frequent natural hazard, while flooding is a natural disaster which has caused the most and widest damage. Earthquakes are the most destructive to human lives and are usually exacerbated by landslides, although the latter is the least experienced natural hazard in the municipality. In order to lessen and/or avoid the destructive impacts of these disasters, the local government of the municipality has implemented disaster management in areas of prevention, and mitigation, preparedness, response, rehabilitation and recovery.Item "Sipak nga Banwa": A history of Valderrama, Antique (ca.1500-1945)Alagos, Leizl L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-05)This is a descriptive study of the history of Valderrama from the pre-Spanish period to the Japanese occupation (ca.1500-1945). Long before the colonial period, the town was already settled by "tumandok" or native residents composed mainly of two groups of settlers— Bukidnon and Taga-Baybay. Bukidnon or mountain people of Valderrama came from the nearby mountain ranges of Mt. Baloy and Mt. Igcoron, while Taga-Baybay or coastal people came Ilaures, the coastal barangay of Bugasong. Both groups settled and worked together in Caberi-an or what is now "Valderrama". Old residents of Valderrama refer to their town as "Sipak Nga Banwa" literally, "the town going to another direction". "Sipak nga Banwa" has a double meaning. It identifies the early settlers who abandoned their coastal community to go to the interior Valderrama. These coastal people left and "nagsipak" which meant "went to another way or direction". Another meaning refers to the town's geographical location.From the souther part of Antique going upward where coastal towns of Antique are located, the road to Valderrama suddenly turns to the right or another way, "nagsipak". During the pre-Spanish period, the babaylan (priest healer) were considered as the most respected persons in the town. These baybaylan healed the sickness of the people. When the Spaniards came into the place, the colonizers spread and converted many natives to Christianity but not without staging a resistance. The Bukidnon and Taga-Baybay babaylan fought against the Spanish colonizers when the Philippine Revolution broke out. in 1896. Though the town was not directly affected by the Philippine Revolution of 1898 (Spanish-American War), the natives considered the Americans better than the Spaniards. It was during this period that the economic and political life of the town improved due to sugarcane and tabacco cultivation. However, When the Japanese occupied the town, economic and political development became stagnant due to the ravage of the war. As a result, many residents of the town joined the guerilla forces in the nearby mountains due to the harsh treatment and abuses of the Japanese soldiers. Finally, due to the outbreak of the Second World War (1942) in the province, which resulted to the bombing of Japanese camp in Atique, the Japanese soldiers left the town of Valderrama.