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UPV Theses and Dissertations

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    Vulnerability to natural hazards of households in the coastal Barangays of New Washington, Aklan
    Bulacan, Nirvana Dominique F.; Carillo, Shelica Cheyene T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    Natural phenomena such as typhoon, flood, storm surge, sea level rise and coastal erosion are some of the natural hazards that affect the world especially the coastal inhabitants. In line with this, coastal inhabitants are considered the most vulnerable to natural hazards. This study explores the vulnerability and socio-economic factors affecting it. This study aims to determine the extent of vulnerability to natural hazards of households in coastal barangays of New Washington, Aklan. Vulnerability Index (VI) was used to measure vulnerability in terms of natural hazard exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. While, Vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) was used to determine socioeconomic factors that may affect vulnerability. The VI results to low vulnerability of households. Whereas, VEP determined some socio-economic factors that statistically affect vulnerability in terms of per capita consumption expenditure such as highest educational attainment and employment in agriculture or industry of the household head, land ownership, number of family members and income per capita.
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    Mangrove community structure survey in Iloilo River
    Bayate, Bryna Kimberly L. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-04)
    Mangroves are highly productive forests growing along tropical tidal mudflats and shallow water coastal areas where water is generally brackish. The structure of the mangrove stand in the Iloilo River was studied using the transect line plot method with 55 plots established in the 3 out of 4 stations of the river. Community Structure is described in terms of the following parameters: basal area, stems per hectare, relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance and importance value of the species and the Shannon Index of Diversity. Variations in these parameters are correlated with certain physico-chemical factors- soil and water temperature, soil and water pH, and water salinity.Nineteen(19) true mangrove species were found in the area belonging to 10 families. These include Mysinaceae family represented by Aegiceras corniculatum ; Avicenniaceae family represented by Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis and Avicennia rumphiana; Euphorbiaceae family represented by Excoecaria agallocha; Sterculiaceae family represented by Heritiera littoralis; Combretaceae family represented by Lumnitzera racemosa; Palmae family represented by Nypa fruticans; Rhizophoraceae family represented by Bruguiera cylindrica Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora stylosa; Sonneratiaceae family represented by Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Sonneratia ovata.Ruciaceae family represented by Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea and Meliaceae family represented by Xylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus meckongensis. Avicennia officinalis has the highest total basal area of 650.69m2/ha, Avicennia alba, Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia rumphiana, Exoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba and Xylocarpus moluccensis have equal relative frequency of 0.074. Avicennia marina obtained the highest stems per hectare with a value of 38933.33, relative density of 0.405 relative dominance of 0.332 and importance value of 0.913. The index of diversity is 1.010, indicating that the area is diverse.
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    Vulnerability and adaptation to sea level rise of coastal communities in San Jose, Antique an application of contingent valuation method
    Baltazar, Christina C.; Mojica, Mariane Daiseree P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    San Jose, Antique is a coastal municipality that is already experiencing manifestations of sea level rise, most visibly evident in coastal erosion, increased frequency of flooding, and higher storm surges. Sea level rise is a problem that affects the societal, economic, and environmental condition of coastal communities. It poses threats to life, property, and livelihood thus making these coastal communities vulnerable. To address their vulnerability, planned adaptation is the most practical option. Employing contingent valuation method, this study aims to determine the willingness-to-pay of coastal communities for a planned adaptation program that will address sea level rise. This study also aims to identify the adaptation measures that coastal communities of San Jose, Antique currently employ. Results show that the adaptation measures currently employed by the coastal communities of San Jose are autonomous, such as putting up sandbags, constructing bamboo corrals, and evacuating. These adaptation measures are stopgap solutions, which offer short-term protection only. It was seen, moreover, that overall, participants are willing to pay for a planned adaptation program. This suggests that funds may be raised for a planned adaptation program, which may be done through mobilizing the willingness-to-pay of the people. Measures to tap this potential should be explored by various groups, especially the local government unit of San Jose, Antique.
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    Fungal pathogen associated with Rhizophora stylosa: A comparative study between oiled and unoiled sites within Taklong Island National Marine Reserve (TINMAR), Nueva Valencia, Guimaras
    Balanga-an, Kristoffer (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)
    Mangroves, refer to an assemblage of trees and shrubs that inhabit the coastal intertidal zone in tropical and subtropical regions. They help in the soil formation, protection, and stabilization of our coastal environment as well as serve as shelter and breeding grounds for some of our marine organisms. A mangrove habitat represents the borderline between land and sea and is considered as one of the principal places where spilled oil and associated impacts converge. Oil spill threaten mangroves by predisposing the plants to fungal attacks thereby reducing their resistance to stress and diseases. Studies also show that certain fungi species are able to utilize oil in contaminated mangrove species. This study generally aims to compare the fungal population found on the diseased leaves of Rhizophora stylosa between oiled and unoiled sites in the Taklong Island National Marine Reserve (TINMAR). It also aims to isolate, characterize and identify fungi present in diseased leaves of Rhizophora stylosa using potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture media and determine their frequency of occurrence. Leaf samples were collected from two sites in TINMAR, one of which was contaminated by oil and the other one was not. Three trees were selected to represent each of the two sampling sites (oiled and unoiled), and to each of the selected trees, three diseased leaves were collected. The results of this study showed the dominance of some species of fungi namely, Aspergillus (40%), Penicillium (20%), Cladosporium (13.33%), Monilia (6.67%), Mycelia (6.67%), Humicola (6.67%), and Pestalotiopsis (6.67%). Five out of these seven genera were isolated from the unoiled site while six of these were isolated from the oiled site. Generally, the fungal population was observed to be greater in the oiled site than in the unoiled. This preliminary data indicate that R. stylosa might still be undergoing stress due to the remaining components of the spilled oil in the area. However, this can only be resolved by further monitoring.
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    Cost analysis of coral gardening in Bato Bukay MPA, Guimbal, Iloilo
    Acob, Philina Riva L.; Rojas, Jan Katherine C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    This study analyzes the costs of coral gardening in Bato Bukay MPA in Guimbal. Iloilo. Cognizant of the degradation of their coastal areas and fisheries, the community of Bgy Nalundan, where the marine protected area is located, sought to find solution through marine conservation and coral gardening. Being the habitat and breeding grounds of fishes, coral reefs are one of the most important natural resources that people must protect. Hence, several projects were implemented to propagate the establishment of Marine Protected Areas such as the deployment of artificial reefs and coral gardening activities. Costs of coral gardening in the site were estimated using key informant interviews with individuals who were involved with or who were knowledgeable on the establishment and maintenance of the project, and from secondary sources, thereby enabling the computation of the total costs. A survey of randomly selected participants that included Contingent Valuation Method was conducted in barangays Nalundan, Calampitao and Cabubugan, to determine the socio-economic profile and estimate the local community support through their willingness-to-pay and willingness to support in kind. Proportional sampling formula, adjusted to small population was used to determine the number of these participants across the barangays. The total cost for coral gardening on its first year was estimated as Php 336.684 combining all the fixed, variable and opportunity costs incurred. Out of the total costs, 40% amounted as fixed costs, while 33% were variable costs, and 27% constituted opportunity costs. More people were willing to pay in-kind by volunteering than to pay in monetary terms for the project’s fund for sustainability.