UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Abundance, composition and vertical distribution of calanoid copepods in Central Sulu seaBurgos, Lora A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2018-06)Calanoid copepods are dominant component of the copepod community, which in turn highlights their influence on the overall zooplankton assemblage of the water column. Studying their abundance and distribution, is important on understanding their role in the dynamics of commercially important organism like the fish. Calanoid samples in study, were part of the zooplankton samples taken during the Joint PhilEx oceanographic cruise on board RAZ Melville in December 2007 in the Central Sulu Sea from MOCNESS station 29. Calanoid abundance, composition and distribution were investigated. Fifteen (15) calanoid families were identified all throughout the water column (0 - 400 m). The calanoid assemblage was dominated by 27 % Eucalanidae, 12 % Rhincalanidae, Scolecitrichidae with 7 % and other families contributing to roughly 19 % of the total. The water column was divided into 2 distinct depth cluster based on species distributions; (1) layers above thermocline (0 - 150m) and (2) deeper layers (200 - 400m). Furthermore, upper layers were characterized by distinctive calanoid family assemblage which includes; Calanidae, Euchaetidae, Eucalanidae, Candaciidae, Rhincalanidae, and Temoridae. While deeper layers, calanoid families includes; Metridinidae, Scolecitrichidae, Rhincalanidae, and Euchaetidae. ANOSIM results showed significant differences between these depth clusters, with global R = 0.81 and p = 0.01. These appear to be highly related to the thermocline in both stations, where typically higher upper-layer primary productivity can support dense communities of zooplankton.Item Philippine Armed Forces different response towards different communists insurgents in the Island of Panay a comparative study on the 47th Infantry Battalion and 32nd Civil Relations UnitBrillantes, Jarrah S.; Tanate, Marianie C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)Communist insurgency is one of the most long withstanding national security problem in the Philippines. There has been no ebb in the counter insurgency measures of the government since the Marcos regime to the present. However, the changes in the communist organization brought about institutional changes on the military’s part. In the current counterinsurgency operations by the armed forces units, there is now an emphasis on unarmed approaches such as civil-military operations, propaganda, psychological warfare and socio-civic activities, instead of just solely conducting armed approaches. Linkages, coordination and collaboration with the local government units in promoting development became significant elements in counterinsurgency operations. This paper examines the different kinds of approaches undertaken by the 47th Infantry Battalion at Calinog, Iloilo and the Civil Relation Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (CRSAFP) in Camp Delgado, Iloilo City toward communist insurgents. The 47th IB and the 32nd CRU are currently conducting a triad approach in the counterinsurgency operations. This triad approach includes combat operations, intelligence and socio-civic operations. In delegating the command from commanding officer to the operating units, the chain of command is well observed and followed. In addressing the insurgency problem, the AFP units have high regards toward local government authorities. Education, training and years in service as well as coordination and cooperation with local civil counterparts affect their competence in operations undertaken.Item Conservation value of the Miagao church world heritage site: Household survey in San Joaquin, IloiloBolivar, Elaine Grace (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)St. Thomas de Villanueva, one of the oldest churches in the Philippines, is an outstanding legacy of the Augustinian fathers. It was declared a national landmark in August 1, 1973, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 260, and in 1993, it was prescribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site under the title “Baroque churches of the Philippines.” Using CVM and TCM as tools to determine the economic valuation of the church, the San Joaquin residents were chosen as respondents of the study. The mean WTP, as determined by Turnbull formula, was Php 12.90. The social mean WTP amounted to Php 11,906.70 every year. The travel cost method failed to determine the demand function of the church because the respondents primarily considered the church as a religious entity rather than a recreational site. Also, the substitution effect of San Joaquin church was not taken into account. Although the San Joaquin respondents revealed a modest valuation of the church, church fund for conservation and restoration efforts does not have a problem. Miagaowanons, OFWs, the local and national government financially support the preservation efforts of the church. Restoration schemes were the more important issues that confront the church.Item A quantitative and qualitative analyses of phytoplankton in Lamentao, Barotac Nuevo, IloiloBoglosa, Jescel B. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2000-03)The study was conducted to identify the different genera of phytoplankton in Lamentao, Barotac Nuevo, to determine the distribution and composition of phytoplankton both near shore and offshore and to determine the physico-chemical characteristics in both sampling sites. The samples were obtained near shore (10m) and offshore (15m) for 10 minutes. Towing was done at 12 noon for 200 m. Sampling was done once a month for three consecutive months starting October to December. Each sample was allowed to stand for at least 24 hours. Then these were decanted to have a concentrated sample. Then 1ml sample was introduced in a sedge wick counting chamber for identification and counting under the microscope. The study gave the following findings: There are 32 genera identified in the surface water of Lamentao. Offshore has a higher abundance than the near shore. There are some genera that significantly differ in 2 sampling area shown by the t-test. Density offshore were generally significantly higher than density nearshore. Relative abundance, Leucosolenia sp. and Rhizosolenia sp. have the higher one. There is a higher diversity in off shore than in near shore. Most of the genera is present in both sites and month as shown by the index of similarity.Item Issues of multi-actor collaboration in the fisheries sector: Localization of post-Yolanda rehabilitation frameworks in Roxas City, CapizBisan, Flora May D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)As a calamity without peer, typhoon Yolanda can be perceived as an event that brought about a challenging political landscape for Northern Panay communities. The extent of the damage incurred from the typhoon in 2013 stimulated large-scale rehabilitation activities from multiple actors which entailed two things: first is the evolution of the functions of government agencies for the fisheries sector and second is the introduction of non-government actors in the playing field. Local Government Units and civil society organizations are important political institutions because of their direct contact with the community making them the immediate responders during emergencies. However, Yolanda tends to unmake these political institutions as they face challenges with resources and program skills in fulfilling their mandates for rehabilitation. Using available secondary data, key informant interviews and focus group discussion, the study examines how the post — Yolanda Rehabilitation Frameworks are localized by these actors in carrying out their rehabilitation programs to restore the livelihoods of the affected individuals in the fisheries sector in Roxas City, Capiz. The study analyzes localization by examining the changes in the roles of government agencies on the fisheries sector and by looking into the extent of collaboration of multiple actors involved in rehabilitation through an integrated theoretical framework based on the Structural - Functional Theory by Talcott Parsons (1961) and the Levels of Community Linkage Model developed by Teresa Hogue (1993). This study provides a picture on how rehabilitation after Yolanda is presently being carried out by both the government and non-government actors which has critical implications for the recovery of client fishers.Item A comparison of the gut contents of two Cardinal Fish, Fowleria vaiulae (Jordan & Seale 1906) and Fowleria variegata (Valenciennes 1832) in seagrass beds of Palompon, LeyteBiantan, Lindsay S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)Seagrass ecosystems support much of the Philippines’ coastal marine resources with the presence of a rich diversity of species, including the economically important ones. Understanding the diet composition of fishes through gut content analysis is essential for selecting species for aquaculture. Specimens of Fowleria vaiulae and Fowleria variegata were obtained through a trawl survey in the seagrass beds of Palompon, Leyte from November 2011 to February 2012. A total of 291 guts were analysed in this study. Results showed diet composition of both species is mostly made up of benthic invertebrates. A high percentage of chyme was observed in both species (46-65%), suggesting the consumption of easily digested materials. Also for both Fowleria species, it was observed that smaller size classes consume a higher number of small preys while larger size classes feed on larger preys. Small invertebrates such as tanaids and amphipods were more abundant in the guts of F. vaiulae and large preys of shrimps and crabs dominate the diet of F. variegata. This difference may be due to food partitioning in co-occurring species to avoid competition.Item Pag-amlig kang dunang manggad: An analysis of the protected area management practices in the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park (NPPNP)Biadora, Edison N., Jr.; Elizada, Glenn Cymark E.; Laging, Stewart E.; Salgado, Cielo (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)There is growing evidence that despite the government's efforts to preserve and conserve the Philippines' forests through implementing the Protected Areas (PA) System, threats to natural resources continue to rise. There is also a continued decline in the number of endangered species. There is thus a disconnect between efforts in establishing PAs and the increasing biodiversity loss, prompting government implementers, scholars, and NGOs to rethink and reevaluate their efforts against these threats. Our study investigated the case of the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park (NPPNP) to identify and analyze the preservation and conservation strategies implemented by institutional and non-institutional actors and assess their effectiveness in response to the emergence of human-induced threats. To achieve these objectives, the researchers utilized an adapted METT-4 questionnaire supplemented by key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis to analyze the overall effectiveness of PA management. Data from management institutions and other organizations was utilized to scrutinize the emergence of human- induced threats vis-a-vis conservation and preservation strategies. Our study revealed that preservation and conservation measures employed by institutional and non- institutional actors do not translate to a reduction of human-induced threats in NPPNP. The overall result further implies that the NPPNP is currently targeted for the exploitation of natural resources for commercialization purposes.Item The institutional performance of the Roxas City Local Government Unit in Diwal conservation based on the localization mechanisms of Philippine Agenda 21Bernas, Mary Mayzee D.; Diocena, Ma. Brenda May H. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)The study sought to describe the institutional performance of the Roxas City Local Unit in Diwal conservation based on the localization mechanisms of Philippine Agenda 21. Specifically, it aimed to determine the following: (1) Roxas City LGU’s employment of the localization mechanism of Philippine Agenda 21 in Diwal conservation; (2) results of the performance of the Roxas City LGU in the actual conservation of Diwal; and (3) constituency evaluation regarding the Diwal conservation policy. The objectives were met through archival research and survey research with the protagonists like the Mayor, Vice Mayor, Sangguniang Panlungsod members, DA employees, and City Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Council members, and with the residents of Barangay.Punta Cogon Roxas City as respondents. It is found out that the protagonists generally have a positive attitude regarding the Diwal conservation efforts attributable to the nature of their jobs, to the immediate benefits that the Diwal project provides, to the status of Roxas City as the Seafood Capital of the Philippines, and to what Kaase and Newton refer to as lifestyle/new politics. Statistical and information facilities employed are found to be sufficient. At present, eight local legislations that have been formulated and implemented by the SP and CFARMC members are found to manifest the sustainable development of the Diwal. Moreover, there is an existing structure of multi-stakeholdership of the public authorities, DA employees, CFARMC members, and the Roxas City Diwal divers, which is consistent with the basic principle of collective choices and responsibility towards the realization of sustainable development goals as espoused in PA 21. The operationalization strategies employed in Diwal conservation were found and an ample amount of money has already been spent for the Diwal conservation efforts. Furthermore, it was also found out that there is a significant increase in the number of programs and trainings conducted from the year 2004 to 2005, manifesting a growing concern for the Diwal project. Development reports have been documented but were not communicated to larger institutions. Data shows that there is a remarkable revival in the Diwal industry. Constituency evaluation also shows that they are generally satisfied. The research findings showed that the Roxas City Local Government is effective in its substantial localization of the PA 21 concept of sustainable development applied in Diwal conservation. It was able to revive the Diwal stock, and was able to elicit positive reactions from its constituents. Thus comparative advantage, more legislations regarding the areas of tourism, export, quality of Diwal industry, and uphold the rights and welfare of the basic sectors which are the Diwal divers. In addition, strengthening of the basic sectors enhancing their leverage capabilities should also be pursued.Item An analysis of fiscal decentralization: The case of Cadiz City, Negros OccidentalBaynosa, Rogelita P.; Toque, Narciso R. (Division ofSocial Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)Decentralization has been an issue in the late twentieth century. Developing countries have shifted toward more decentralized forms of government that promises to change their political life in profound ways. The Philippines has decentralized its government through the enactment of the Local Government Code of 1991. This has brought changes to the Philippine governance. The code legislated the creation of local government units such as regions, provinces, cities, and municipalities with which the central government devolved its major power and authority. In this study, an attempt is made to discuss the issues and problems of fiscal decentralization in developing countries, specifically the Philippine experience. A review of the Cadiz City experience substantiates the discussion on decentralization. Taking the case of Cadiz City as a microcosm of the Philippine experience with decentralization as a whole and that of the developing world’s in much broader scale, this study presents an analysis of the realities of fiscal decentralization, which is the core of the devolution program in the Philippines. The data gathered show that although Cadiz City government had been granted the autonomy to manage its own affairs, it remains dependent on grants and allotments from the central government instead of maximizing the fiscal powers being devolved to it, specifically, its revenue-raising power. Moreover, the data on the local government’s allocation of its financial resources during the years 1997-2000 show that it has been efficient in terms of providing basic public goods and services to its constituents but not in terms of empowering the community people to participate in advocacy, decision-making, and other activities of local governance. The data also show that politics played a great role in the implementation of various development programs, projects, and activities.Item Exposure to anti-prostitution campaign and the level of awareness and knowledge of Rizal Estanzuela Residents and sex workers in Iloilo City towards task force on moral and values formation's anti-prostitution campaignBayonita, Erlyn I.; Iniego, Christine Joy V.; Tetosera, Jimma Luz P. (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2011-03)This study aims to determine the exposure to anti-prostitution campaign and the level of awareness and knowledge of the residents of Rizal Estanzuela and the sex workers in Iloilo City towards Task Force on Moral and Values Formation's anti-prostitution campaign. It also intends to assess the needs of the existing campaign. It follows two sampling procedures: simple random sampling and purposive sampling procedure. The results will then be the basis for the production of the campaign materials. The respondents of this study will consist of both sex workers and residents of Rizal Estanzuela, Iloilo City. Based on the results of the study, the researchers found out that the residents of Rizal Estanzuela have average level of awareness and average level of knowledge towards the campaign. Sex workers in Iloilo City have high level of awareness but have average level of knowledge regarding the said campaign.