UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Factors affecting the political mobilization of the Lambunao Sulod-Bukidnons in relation to their ancestral land claimBetita, Ma. Antonette Rose S.; Gaudiel, Kristine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)The respondents of the study are the Sulod-Bukidnons (Bukidnons) of Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo. Their land had been included under the reservation area of the West Visayas State University - College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF) by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 429. Thus, their aim is to regain the land that belonged to them. The study sought to determine the following objectives: (1) the basis of land claims by the Bukidnons, (2) the forms of political mobilization conducted over their land claims (3) the factors that affect it, and (4) the role of the outside sectors in asserting their land claims. The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature which employed structured interview to gather data from 91 Bukidnon respondents aged 18 years old and above. Key Informant Interviews with the President and Vice-President of Bukidnon United Tribe Association (BUTA) and direct observation were also used. Chi-square (with 0.05 level of significance) was used as a statistical tool to determine the relationship of the variables. The results of the study showed that ancestral domain/inheritance was the basis of the Bukidnons in claiming their lands. The Bukidnons have utilized three forms of conventional and non-violent political mobilization: negotiations, petitions and assemblies. Age is one factor that affected Bukidnons to participate in negotiations. The study showed that Bukidnons above 60 did not participate in the negotiation. Higher educational attainment is also a factor that engaged them in negotiation. The lack of awareness of the size of the land involved in the conflict made the Bukidnons not participative. Also, the minimal importance given by the Bukidnons to their land in terms of housing and self-determination made them not participate in the negotiation. In the filing of petitions as another form of mobilization, only the awareness on the negotiation of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) was seen as a factor for the Bukidnons to engage in such mobilization. The reason for this was that they saw the fling of petitions as a way to hasten up the granting of Ancestral Domain Title (ADT). Assembly was another mobilization where most members had participated. Membership in BUTA was seen as a factor in joining the assembly. Attendance in assemblies showed sense of membership and support to the cause of their association. The presence of help from outside sectors and the help from both members and leaders of BUTA likewise encouraged Bukidnons to be participative in assemblies. PANLIPI Legal Assistance Center, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and Philippine Association for Intercultural Development played a major role in helping the cause of the Bukidnons. They had provided legal and technical assistance to the IPs. Lastly, the awareness on the petition filed and their assertion over their land claims made the Bukidnons to mobilize. The findings showed that the Bukidnons have long been working for the granting of their ancestral domain title. They perceived that once their ADT has been granted to them, the issue with WVSU will also be resolved. They do not oppose the presence of the university in the barangay; most of them simply ask to redefine the land and regain the area that belonged to them. At the end of the study, the researchers recommend further academic studies on the political mobilization of the Bukidnons. A policy recommendation is advised that BUTA members should take active role on the issue. Information dissemination and inculcation of IPs’ rights can be decisive factors to increase participation in mobilization. NCIP should give uttermost importance to the granting of the land of IPs and be more responsive to the needs and grievances of the IPs.Item Sa pagkaon, pabisa, paghatag limos sa ila Jesus, Maria kag San Jose: The socio-religious tradition of Decinueve and the local politics of religious syncretismBadanoy, Christian Dave C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)When the Spaniards arrived in the Philippine archipelago, they encountered the indigenous people who already had established religious systems and traditions. These systems, however, possessed a similar framework with Catholicism’s idea of saints, such that it permitted the Spanish friars an easy conversion of the indigenous people and their adoption of Catholicism. This is the crucial thread that led to the development of Miagao, Iloilo’s Decinueve tradition—a practice that resulted from the fusion of two different cultural products. At the heart of this celebration are the rituals that center on the Holy Family, represented by three people who were chosen by the San Jose devotee family. They are dressed for the “little theater” and are fed several dishes as the ritual necessitates, effectively becoming a vessel in which the host family’s promise of celebrating the Sagrada Familia annually is fulfilled. While the whole affair looks like a totally Roman Catholic practice, a closer examination reveals precolonial religious elements. Taking from Astrid-Sala Boza’s concept of Folk Catholicism and Neils Mulder’s concept of Localization, and by categorizing individual features of the Decinueve tradition into indigenous, foreign, or syncretic, this thesis argues that the practice is ultimately Folk Catholic. This thesis further investigates the socio-historical and cultural context of and within Miagao that permitted the syncretic tradition to be rationalized and internalized within Miagao’s Catholic social reality. The findings suggest that elements within the practice are recognizable, and the politics of its syncretism is four-fold. Thus, syncretic traditions are formed and take new meanings because of the politics surrounding them.Item Reverse appropriation of the state's cultural nationalism: The case of the Bantoanon indigenous cultural community and the indigenous people's rights act of 1997Balla, Airelle Shem E. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)Despite the growing corpus of research on cultural nationalism, the state's role in producing cultural nationalism in a post-colonial and non-western setting and the phenomena from a bottom-up perspective continues to be little explored. This study examines the conditions under which national political leaders pursued policies to protect the cultural heritage of the country's indigenous cultural communities for the aims of political nationalism. From a top- down perspective, the study looks at the context, intent, content, state's implementation and caveats of the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997. While from the bottom-up perspective, the study looks at how the Bantoanon indigenous community mobilizes and organizes to navigate through state bureaucracy and ‘reappropriate’ the state's nationalism to meet their cultural goals. To examine the phenomena, the study on the textual analysis of existing written primary and secondary sources supplemented with oral interviews of key informants and a review of available literature. It finds that at the national level, political motives partly animated the support of political leaders for indigenous cultural heritage protection policies; that the state used heritage protection policies to pursue its political purposes; and that the support for political leaders for indigenous cultural heritage protection policies was premised on the condition that it did not interfere with the state's interests and diminish the state's rights. While at the Bantoanon indigenous cultural communities level, it finds that despite the caveats embedded in the country's heritage protection policies, the indigenous cultural community could mobilize and assert its rights, thus enabling it to ‘reappropriate’ the state's political institutions to meet its own cultural objectives. This thesis, therefore, argues that the relationship between the two parties under IPRA is mutually beneficial, with both the state and indigenous cultural communities finding some utility in the law.Item Oplan BAYANIHAN : kaBAYAN, Inodoro, iHandog sa mga Aeta Nating kababayanBalino, Beverly B.; Casidsid, Luzel Mytchz C.; De Pedro, Jobel D.; Dela Victoria, Jaysun D.; Garzon, Evita Flor L.; Heredia, Angelica Katrina A.; Jaranilla, Femm Dominique P.; Longno, Kathleen Joyce B.; Parreño, Karla B.; Yso, April Rose S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-03)Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are caused by parasitic worms or helminths that are transmitted to people through contaminated soil. The main species are the roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), the whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) and the hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale). It is more prevalent among children living in conditions of poor sanitation particularly in indigenous people (IP) groups in the Philippines. OPLAN BAYANIHAN (kaBAYAN, Inodoro iHandog sa mga Aeta Nating Kababayan) primarily aimed to decrease the prevalence of soil- transmitted helminthiasis (STH) among the Aeta children of Purok V, Barangay San Nicolas, Buenavista, Guimaras. A responsible and functional core group was organized to assist in the implementation and monitoring of the projects. A stool examination was conducted prior to the construction of toilet facilities and results showed that all 30 Aeta children tested were positive for STH. The post stool examination was not performed due to the strict compliance of the Municipal Health Office to their biannual mass de worming schedule, but it will be performed after the mass deworming in Sitio Serum Bukid on April 3, 2O14.The knowledge and awareness regarding soil-transmitted helminthiasis increased by 30% or more through interactive lectures on how to prevent and control STH and on the proper usage of personal protective equipment (PPE). The knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the Aetas regarding proper hygiene increased by 30% or more through interactive lectures and trainings on hand washing, tooth brushing, and grooming. Flyers were distributed among Aeta parents and storybooks were handed over to the Day Care Center of Sitio Serum Bukid, and Kindergarten and Elementary teachers of San Nicolas Primary School. Nine toilet facilities were constructed and the installation of a clean and potable water source is underway.Item Syncretization of modern and indigenous health knowledge and practices of the Tumandoks of Barangay Igpaho, Tubungan, Iloilo and its implications to community healthAusmolo, Carlyn Grace P.; Magluyan, Jan Andrew T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)Indigenous peoples (IP) in the Philippines are identified as among the poor and marginalized sectors. Health and nutrition problems continue to persist in their communities due to lack or absence of access to good healthcare systems caused by their disenfranchised situation. Literatures that discuss the health practices of IP groups in the Philippines, particularly in Panay Island, are limited and less popular. As an attempt to enrich the existing literatures on IP life, this study explored the indigenous and modern health systems and practices, including their syncretic characteristics that could draw out implications for community health of die Tumandoks of Barangay Igpaho, Tubungan, Iloilo. Case study analysis and methods were employed in this study which included key-informant interview and focus-group discussion. Nine community healers and tliree Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) were interviewed while eight Tumandoks participated in the FGD. This study documented four indigenous health practices: panghdof, pag-ubra, panghanggab, and pamulong herbal. The Tumandoks ’ knowledge on phytotherapy and the oral narrative of Tanyong Mangdaw were also noted in the study. The modern health practices identified were taking of medicine, going to a physician, getting vaccines, and accessing other health services at the MLGU. The identified syncretic characteristics implied that the lack of modern healthcare services in the community contributes to the endurance of indigenous health practices and knowledge of the Tumandoks of Igpaho. However, this also has detrimental effects to community health such as the prevalence of malnutrition and teenage pregnancy.Item Necropolitics: Panay's tumandok burial grounds and the Jalaur River Multipurpose Project Phase II (JRMP II)Balani, Mar Anthony B.; Mangilog, Jude M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)The study describes the implications of Tumandok’s (Indigenous Peoples of Central Panay) burial grounds right in the location of the proposed Jalaur River Multipurpose Project Phase II (JRMP-II). The JRMP-II is a development project however appears to be a destructive force to the Indigenous Peoples burial grounds. The study uses the interviews conducted with the Tumandok elders as key informants, personnel of offices in-charge of the construction of JRMP- II, identification and mapping of burial grounds, and close reading of international and domestic laws on and protection of sacred sites experiences. This study argues that burial grounds should be seen as a form of resistance to state sponsored development project as supported by international examples of jurisprudence and laws on the protection of sacred sites and the deep sense of conservation of the Indigenous Peoples for their hallowed grounds. This places Indigenous Peoples’ burial grounds in a pivotal role in the perspective of necropolitics as a material evidence of contestation on State policies. This study hopes to expand the notion of necropolitics by including the power to influence by the dead and their burial grounds on the aggressive policies of the state.Item Relationship between media exposure and attitude of Iloilo City Junior High School students towards indigenous peoplesAmon, Abigail; Garzon, Ma. Mercedes (Division of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-05)This research discusses the relationship between media exposure and the attitude of selected Iloilo City public junior high school students towards the indigenous peoples. Three hundred junior high school students from Bo. Obrero National High School, Iloilo City National High School, Mandurriao National High School, Ramon Avanceña National High School, and SPED - Integrated School for Exceptional Children served as respondents to a five-part questionnaire that included demographics, exposure to media and IPs, attitude, additional questions regarding the relationship between their media exposure and their attitude towards IPs, and the information they received and wished to receive from media. The researchers found that students were most exposed to online media and that they had low exposure to mediated content on indigenous peoples on all media platforms. It was concluded that respondents had an overall positive attitude towards indigenous peoples. Moreover, both the media industry and the educational system should be more responsible in supporting the IPs through wider media coverage and introduction to more media platforms.Item Integrating indigenous people's rights and development -oriented goals and interests in DRRM-CCA program: a case study of the Aeta community in Brgy.Mabuyong , Anini-y , AntiqueAlmendras, Denn Marie; Palomo, Megan; Tumaca, Jerald (2016-06)This study is about indigenous people's (IPs) rights and development-oriented goals. Specifically, it tackles on how their rights and goals are incorporated into Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation (DRRM-CCA) plans and programs. The researchers chose the Aeta community of Barangay Mabuyong, Anini- y, Antique as research participants because it was able to fulfill the criteria of inclusion set by the researchers. They were also selected because they were affected by Typhoon Yolanda. The study used Mixed Methods to gather data. These consisted of keyinformant interviews, focused group discussions, secondary data analysis, surveys and transect walk. All these were deployed to gather data on the situation of the IPs in Mabuyong before and after Typhoon Yolanda in the following aspects: physico- environmental; econo-human; politico- institutional and;socio-cultural. The researchers also gathered information about the incorporation of IP interests, and the level of intervention of the LGUs in local DRR initiatives and development plans. Lastly, the researchers looked into the lessons learned after Typhoon Yolanda and surveyed the level of the community resilience, awareness, and response towards disaster.The findings revealed that: (a) the physico- environmental, econo-human, politico-institutional and socio-cultural contexts of the IP community are faced with a high level of vulnerability and risk exposure; (b) The incorporation of IP interests in the DRR and development programs revealed two contradicting views: The LGU's assessment was positive, and the incorporation of IP interests in policy and plans were present while the NGO and the IP community perceived such incorporation to be absent, insufficient and largely incompatible towards the IP needs; (c) Lastly, community awareness, resilience, and response of the IPs of Mabuyong were significantly low according to the survey. The study also found that the establishment of linkages among sectors and the active participation as well as reconciliation of the IPs in planning are necessary. The Typhoon Yolanda experience served as one proof that the IPs of Mabuyong needs more attention and assistance from the municipality.