UPV Theses and Dissertations
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Item Project NINK: Ngiping Inaalagaan para sa Nakangiting KinabukasanAraneta, Francine Nicole M.; Bebita, Valerie Anne N.; Endoma, Vivienne F.; Estanda, Marvyn Kerziel A.; Gupeteo, Mary Pauline Kriszl E.; Lebosada, Billy John F.; Magsipoc, Karla Mae B.; Pabello, Kimberly T.; Samoro, Karmela Marie G.; Villaruel, Rigel Kent Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)Dental caries, also known as cavities or tooth decay, is one of the most prevalent diseases of people worldwide which can start as early as during childhood affecting the primary teeth of children. It is mostly caused by lifestyle-related factors such as poor oral hygiene, lack of dental services, poor habit in brushing teeth and poverty (Ismail et. al. 2007). Iloilo has a high number of dental problems that affect school-aged children. Toothache from dental caries is one of the major causes of absenteeism in elementary schools (Araojo, 2003). The Project Nink aimed to reduce the incidence of dental caries by 80% among school-aged children of Barangay Buenavista Elementary School, Tubungan, Iloilo. A pre-dental check-up, conducted before project implementation found that out of 134 students examined, 125 had dental caries, translating to 9 out of 10 students. For the team to address the existing neglected problem, objectives were set to aid in the project implementation. A reliable and self-sustaining core group was formed for the maintenance and sustainability of the project. To address the insufficient knowledge of the children and community members regarding oral health, a series of health lectures were conducted. Topics for the lectures included basics of the teeth, how cavities form, other diseases that may arise from dental caries, and the like. Training courses for the teachers, health workers and midwife were also conducted by the researchers. Incentives were given out during the lectures and proper educational materials were provided as well. A tooth-brushing sink was constructed together with the teachers, parents, community members and the children, to aid in changing the tooth brushing habits of the children. Dental kits were distributed per child and also for families to aid the child in practicing proper oral hygiene. The children’s post-test results showed that the knowledge regarding oral health increased by 27.54% from their pre-test which was a statistical significant difference. A statistical significant difference (t(41)= - 8.882, p < 0.0005) was also shown in the post-test and pre-test results of the community members which had an increase of 29%. A post dental check-up was conducted to assess the effect of the project, and it was found that the mean prevalence rate of dental carries in the temporary teeth ot student respondents was successfully decreased by 18.4% from 22.73% to 18.55% (dmf index) since pre-project, and therefore, effectively reduced the incidence rate by 100% with 0 new cases. For the permanent teeth (DMF index), there was a 19.75% decrease in prevalence rate and a 100% reduction in the incidence rate with no new cases identified.Item Assessment of the performance of school-based multi-purpose teen centers in the first district of Iloilo ProvinceAlba, Nina Charlyn B.; Anasario, Jc Belle T.; Bautista, Seth Exequiel E.; Caliso, Femmy Rose E.; Catalan, Gabrielle A.; Espanol, Yzabel H.; Gonzaga, Royce Clea Maristel A.; Ilogon, Kent Paolo A.; Leoncio, Mabelle K.; Toledo, Mike T.; Vicencio, Geeza Gem S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Teenage pregnancy, HIV and AIDS, and mental health problems are increasingly alarming among adolescents in the Philippines. Thus, Adolescent Heath Development Programs (AHDP) were initiated in the country along with this is the institution of teen centers for the personality enrichment and skills improvement among teens focused chiefly on sexuality and health. Aside from the criterion used for the MODEL ILOILO TEENiran by the Iloilo PPO, no other guidelines exist to evaluate a teen center in the Philippines. This study aimed to evaluate the functionality of the teen centers present in the first district of Iloilo. A descriptive study design was used with study locales at schools within the first district wherein the teen centers are located and is within the inclusion criteria. Evaluation was done by the researchers’ using pre-tested evaluation tool and through a survey given to randomly selected teens. Frequency and proportion, Principal Component Analysis, and Hierarchical Clustering Methods were used for statistical analysis. The Teen Centers had an overall rating of above average with a mean score of 4.10±0.31. Tills also reflects that the four different components of the teen centers are also above average. Three clusters based from the views of the respondents were identified namely Enthusiastic consisting of 50.5% of the respondents, Gregarious having 31.9% and Apathetic comprising 17.5% of the teens surveyed. From the respondents, 60.5% were satisfied while 39.5% were not satisfied. As a conclusion, the teen centers have been effective in implementing its goals and objectives based on the evaluation of the researchers’ and feedbacks of the teen clients. Despite these outstanding results, it is still recommended that the teen centers further improve their overall performance to fully reach the goals of a teen center and to give the teens the utmost experience and learnings of the programs.Item Analysis and assessment of the performance of the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP) partner municipalities in improving health outcomesAraneta, Francine Nicole M.; Bebita, Valerie Anne N.; Endoma, Vivienne F.; Estanda, Marvyn Kerziel A.; Gupeteo, Mary Pauline Kriszl E.; Lebosada , Billy John F.; Magsipoc, Karla Mae B.; Pabello, Kimberly T.; Samoro, Karmela Marie G.; Villaruel, Rigel Kent Q. (2016-05)The Zuellig Family Foundation through the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP) aims to bridge the gap between the Filipinos and the promise of universal health care through the local health managers. They developed a local health scheme with focus on the World Health Organization’s six building blocks of health system so the country can achieve the Millennium Development Goals on health by 2015. However, there are still no available methods that can measure the success of health programs such as the MLGP. In order to address this issue, the researchers proposed to quantify and assess the health outcomes and the municipality performance. Heath outcomes are represented using secondary data provided by the MLGP municipalities on the performance indicators for MDGs for health. Municipality performance is quantified using a scoring system developed by the researchers based on the performance indicators assigned by the ZFF for each WHO building-block and significant improvement in municipality performance was found. The health data was analyzed by comparing the medians of yearly data using non- parametric/distribution-free sign tests. Among the health indicators with complete data for all 28 municipalities, significant difference in health outcomes was found in the data proportions of ratio of facility-based deliveries (FBD), ratio of births attended by births attended by skilled personnel (SBA), contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR), and proportion of fully immunized children (FIC). Maternal and infant mortality ratio, under-five mortality rates and malnutrition rate did not show any significant difference within the two-year intervention time span. Ratio of facility-based deliveries and ratio of births attended by skilled personnel showed significant positive correlations with health financing, health service delivery, and total performance indicators. There is also a significant positive correlation between CPR and leadership and governance, health financing, health human resource, access to medicine and technology, health service delivery and total performance indicators. However, it is interesting to note that the data on fully immunized children showed significant but negative correlations with leadership and governance performance indicators.Item The step up project: Strengthening teens through empowering programs against unintended pregnancyAlba, Nina Charlyn B.; Anasario, Jc Belle T.; Bautista, Seth Exequiel E.; Caliso, Femmy Rose E.; Catalan, Gabrielle A.; Espanol, Yzabel H.; Gonzaga, Royce Clea Maristel A.; Ilogon, Kent Paolo A.; Leoncio, Mabelle K.; Toledo, Mike T.; Vicencio, Geeza Gem S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Iloilo province is known to have high cases of teenage pregnancy in the Philippines, with the Municipality of Anilao topping since 2013. The STEP UP Project aims to lower the incidence of teenage pregnancy in Barangay Cag-an, Anilao, Iloilo through a positive developmental approach. It consists of a three-step intervention satisfying four component objectives during the six-week community immersion. Objective one is to organize a core group in both municipal and barangay level for the sustainability of the project which included the Local Government Unit of Anilao, barangay officials, and the teens and parents from the barangay. Objective two is to create a venue where teens can comfortably share their problems and sexuality wherein 13 teen facilitators were trained to aid in various activities planned for the project. Objective three is to increase knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on teenage pregnancy, adolescent health, and gender issues by 75% and with this, a pretest and posttest was administered to teens and parents to evaluate KAP. This resulted to a 6.97% (15.57-16.76) and 7.96% (17.51-18.91) increase in mean scores of teens and parents, respectively. The mean scores of both teens and parents were found to be statistically different at α 0.05 using paired T-test. Objective four is to help teens build confidence, improve their self-esteem, and persuade them to plan out for the future. Thus, a sports clinic was hosted and Buwas Damlag Fair was organized where different government agencies were invited to inspire the teens to pursue careers in the future. Overall, the project was a success since there is an increase of attendance by the parents and teens on activities and lectures, increase of mean scores in the pretest and posttest, and the objectives set were achieved. Implementation of this project to other barangays in Anilao is highly recommended.Item Microbiological water analysis of selected point sources in Iloilo CityAlama, Jannie Mae G.; Calitis, Ma. Socorro Fatima P.; Cervantes, Ria Angela E.; Garcia, Marian Aisa C.; Otico, Pelita A.; Pacheco, Donna Ginn G.; Taquiso, Jezreel l. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-04)The recreational use of the Iloilo River according to the Iloilo River Master Plan entails various studies to support it being safe for swimming and other activities. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Region VI has done very few studies to determine this particular aspect of the Iloilo River. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine the bacteriologic content of water in selected point sources in Iloilo River, Iloilo City and the possible correlations to the incidence of health risks. Specifically the study aims to: (1) determine significant differences in the physico-chemical characteristics of water samples from each point source; (2) to determine the total and fecal coliform counts number for each water sample from the selected point sources; (2) detect the presence or absence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., and culturable Vibrios in water in selected point sources; (3) describe the incidence of health risks; and (4) correlate the heterotrophic plate count for total coliforms, Most Probable Number for Fecal Coliforms and the number of symptomatic respondents. The results of the study showed that the total coliform count for Point source A (HPC=6000/l00 ml) is higher compared to the standard set by the DENR (5000/100 ml) while Point source B and C are within the range. The concentrations of E. coli, in water samples A, B, and C (2400 MPN/100 ml sample) were found to be higher than the DENR standard for fecal coliforms for Class C Waters - fresh water, (200 MPN/lOOml sample). Although results indicate that the river water has high fecal contamination, there were no significant correlations between heterotrophic plate counts, Most Probable Number for Fecal Coliforms and the number of symptomatic respondents for each point source.Item Identification and antibiotic resistance of enterococcus (Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz 1984) species isolated from Iloilo riverAnsino, Jan Reygine G. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)The presence of Enterococci species in the water has long been regarded as an indicator of fecal contamination. With the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance globally, infections caused by enterococcal species became difficult to treat. The study determined the species distributions and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Enterococcus species isolated from water and sediment samples in the Iloilo River. Susceptibility of the isolates was tested against ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, erythromycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Among the 115 fecal coliform samples, a total of 61 (53%) isolates were confirmed to belong to the genus Enterococcus. Of these, 40% were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, followed by Enterococcus faecium 33% and Enterococcus avium (4%). Isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (51%), erythromycin (18%), and doxycycline (13%) and a high level susceptibility to ampicillin (100%), chloramphenicol (93%), and penicillin (90%). Multiple antibiotic resistance patterns revealed resistance to at least four antibiotics. Six (12%) vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) were detected. The results revealed low level of antibiotic resistance in the river. However, the presence of these fecal contaminants in the river can still pose a potential risk to the human health and the of spread of antibiotic resistance genes, indicating the great importance of improving risk management practices in the river.Item Impact analysis of municipal leadership and governance program (MILGP) among municipalities in the province of IloiloArancillo, Ulah Lynn F.; Barcelona, Joser John T.; Cabalo, Jori May G.; Cansancio, Marienne Fay T.; Castillo, Marianne Hillary O.; Nufuar, Isa Adelie S.; Palanog, Riananess Q.; Pido, Theo Joseph D.; Repospolo, Melvie Dale P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)The Zuellig Family Foundation (ZFF) and Department of Health initiated the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP), a two-cycle program that aims to guide the Filipinos in achieving health equity and resilience through mentoring and training teams led by local health leaders to improve the six building blocks of health. It also aims to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals through ensuring that municipal health systems be responsive, equitable, and sustainable. This research aims to assess the municipality performance and health outcomes to measure the success of the MLGP intervention. Secondary data representing health outcomes from MLGP and non-MLGP municipalities and consolidated roadmaps were gathered and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Among the health indicators that were used to evaluate the program under Cycle 1, SBA and FIC showed a statistical significance while the remaining indicators, MMR, IMR, CPR, and FBD did not. All six health outcomes for Cycle 2 municipalities did not show any statistical significance from 2015-2018. Statistically significant improvements were observed on Health Human Resource on Modules 2 and 3, and all the modules in Leadership and Governance of the MLGP Cycle 2 while the other five building blocks did not show statistical significance. Changes in the health outcomes under MLGP Cycle 2 and non-MLGP municipalities showed that they have improved in terms SBA and FBD only. Although significant relationships were found between municipality performance and the health outcome indicators, it must be noted that there are confounding factors not accounted which may have interfered with the results and findings of this study.