Undergraduate Research Project
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/29
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Item The impact of government interventions during COVID-19 pandemic on agriculture: the case of supply chain resiliency of organic farming in Iloilo ProvinceCamisora, James B.; Garino, Winston L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2024-07)The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in global food systems and prompted a focus on resilient supply chains. Organic agriculture, with its emphasis on local production and sustainable practices, offers an alternative model that might be less susceptible to disruptions. However, the pandemic also presented unique challenges for organic farmers and their supply chains. This study investigated the impact of government interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the resilience of the organic agriculture supply chain in Iloilo Province. The research employed an exploratory research design and utilized qualitative methods for data collection and analysis. It mapped out policies related to organic agriculture and its supply chain through data from interview with smallholder farmers and personnels from Department of Agriculture Regional Office 6 and various Municipal Agriculture Offices. The findings revealed that the Department of Agriculture (DA) and local governments provide support programs for smallholder organic farmers. The DA Regional Office focuses on broader regional program implementation, while local governments provide more direct support based on local needs. Farmer organizations play a crucial role in linking farmers to government support programs and in providing a marketing network for smallholder farmers. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the vulnerability of the existing organic vegetable supply chain, but both government and farmers adapted their interventions and strategies. After the pandemic, the government shifted its support towards PGS certification and local governments took a larger role in providing marketing support and promotion.Item An analysis of the exchange process within selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations and their external relations with the local government unit of Iloilo City (1992-present)Calubayan, Exzie G.; Distura, Irene Bianca B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)This study examines the exchange process within selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations and their external relations with the local government of Iloilo City from 1992- present. Their bargaining and lobbying strategies with the Local Government of Iloilo City were identified from 1992 to the present and were compared from that of John Omohundro’s study in 1971-1973 of the Chinese merchant families in Iloilo. Exchange theory was used to analyze and understand the relationship between the two parties. The study had five guiding objectives. Five selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations, the executive and legislative members of the Iloilo City Local Government including the PNP Police Chief composed the subjects of the study. In-depth interview and archival research were conducted to gather necessary information to answer the objectives of the study. The results of the study revealed that across time the Chinese organizations in Iloilo City has adopted various means and strategies to pursue and protect their interests depending on the level of pressures and threats coming from within the community and from the external environment. There have been apparent manifestations that their strategies have been effective in bringing about legal measures to protect them, especially their business and defense interests.Item Pag-aalaga ng taga-alaga: lived experiences of care among live-in internal migrant domestic workersCalubag, Francis Dane B.; Subong, Diana Jan D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2024-06)Internal migration among domestic workers have become increasingly common among the Filipino population. Understanding their lived experiences allows for a richer understanding of how they navigate their roles in providing care for both their charge(s) and their own spatially-distant children. This study aimed to contribute to the existing literature by utilizing a hermeneutic phenomenological lens to explore the lived experiences of care among Filipino yayas. Data were gathered from six respondents using semi-structured interviews. A significant finding revealed that the yayas’ experience of care are intertwined with maintaining relationships with key individuals in their care work. These include their charge(s), the charge(s)’ parents, their children, and their children’s guardians. Trust is crucial in sustaining these relationships and creating a nurturing environment for care recipients. Being employed as caregivers towards children not their own. the yayas provided professional childcare. They employ strategic approaches in professional care such as establishing strong emotional bonds, spending quality time one-on-one, and using negotiation tactics to gain the charges’ trust. For their own children, they fostered independence and maintained constant communication despite physical separation. Care experiences highlighted the intricacies of paid domestic work, transcending commodification narratives through emotional attachments formed with the charge(s) that they care for. The study also sheds light on the complexities of care work and advocates for better employment policies that support internal migrant domestic workers. Specifically, this can lead to more targeted interventions to address the unique challenges the Yayas' face in their caregiving roles.Item OFW fathers and their children residential status, perceived paternal involvement and relationship satisfactionCalasin, Joellie Marie D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)This study analyzed the connection between a father's residential status, child's perceived paternal involvement, and father-child relationship satisfaction, A survey was conducted among 177 students aged 16 to 21 years old from three universities in Iloilo. The findings show that the residential status of the father does not affect the child's perceived paternal involvement. Due to this, the relationship satisfaction of the two groups of children was almost the same with one another despite their father's residential status. It was found that higher paternal involvement entails higher father-child relationship satisfaction. Regression analyses show that instrumental involvement does not predict satisfaction. For children with resident fathers, mentoring/ advising involvement predict a better father-child relationship satisfaction. For children of OFW fathers, expressive and mentoring/ advising involvements predict satisfaction.Item The political career of Mayor Ludovico C. Cabardo of Leon, IloiloCaimoso, Joemarie C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)This is a study about the political career of Atty. Ludovico C. Cabardo, who served as the Mayor of Leon, Iloilo, from 1960-1963, 1971-1986, 1988-1992.This research aims to: 1.) Determine the reasons and circumstances that made Atty. Cabardo enter politics, 2.) Know the factors that affected his entire career, 3.) Find out the problems and difficulties that he encountered during his terms as a mayor and his strategies on how to handle them, and 4.) Find out his achievements and to evaluate their importance to the people of Leon, Iloilo. The researcher interviewed key informants and other people knowledgeable about this topic. It was found out that Atty. Cabardo had been influenced by other politicians to enter politics aside from the fact that he wanted to serve the people of Leon, Iloilo. Several factors led to his victory in the elections. He had effective political resources, efficient campaign strategies and good reputation. He also came across problems regarding health, education livelihood and insurgency during his political career. His main projects during his administration were roads, bridges, school buildings, health centers and other programs that alleviated the condition of the people in Leon Iloilo.Item Five-factor model of personality and job satisfaction on organizational commitment of bank employeesCaigoy, Denise C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)This is a descriptive-correlational study aimed to determine and explore the relationship of personality traits, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of bank employees in Iloilo City Proper. One hundred ten (110) bank employees aging 20-59 years old were selected through a convenience sampling. The instruments used were Big Five Inventory, Porter’s Job Satisfaction Survey, and Allen and Meyer's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Regression. Analysis showed that there is significant relationship between personality traits particularly of extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism and job satisfaction. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability (neuroticism) can predict affective commitment. Extraversion can develop continuance commitment. Agreeableness and Openness to experience can predict normative commitment. It was also found that job satisfaction was an antecedent of organizational commitment.Item Political efficacy and political participation as influenced by the kind of work setting of organizations and socio-economic profile of employees: A case study on employees working in centralize and decentralize work settingsCadelina, Angelita L.; Nakar, Janessa Mae E. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)Political efficacy and political participation are considered as essential conditions for democracy to thrive and are signs of political health. Many studies on the democratization processes focus on the dynamics of these two concepts in order to know the factors on which these two are dependent on. This study attempts to look on several factors that affect an individuals’ political efficacy and political participation. Some of the variables of socio-economic profile such as age, gender, civil status, and educational attainment were considered in this study as factors that maybe significant to an individuals’ political efficacy and political participation. Results of previous studies showed that the higher the socio-economic status, the higher is one’s level of political efficacy and political participation. Another factor considered in this study was the work setting of individuals, namely, the centralized or decentralized work environment. Pateman (1970) and colleagues argued that democratized industrial authority structures require workers to develop skills and resources necessary for participation in political life beyond the workplace while centralized organizations socializes employees to passivity and political apathy. With these two different conditions, they claimed that employees within decentralized organizations are more likely to have a higher level of political efficacy and political participation compared to those in centralized work settings. However, results of this study showed that the profile of the respondents does not have any relationship on their level of political efficacy and political participation. Only age and political efficacy are correlated. In addition, the result was not consistent with the argument of Pateman. The result of the study showed that respondent employees from centralized and decentralized organization both have a relatively medium-high level of political efficacy and political participation. This simply shows that despite the autocratic structure of decision-making, there are still some instances present in centralized organizations that could also provide some venues for employees to increase their feeling of personal confidence and efficacy which can consequently influence their level of political efficacy and political participation.Item A comparative study on the perceived work stress, work-related stressors, and coping strategies of fish vendors in AntiqueCabigunda, Greshanne J.; Moquera, Mabelle M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2024-07)Fish vending is a common source of income in Antique, Philippines. Fish vendors are classified into two vendor groups: formal vendors who sell inside public markets and informal vendors who sell their products on the streets. Research shows that these groups encounter varied work experiences given their differing working conditions. However, existing research is not enough to describe their stressful work experiences as well as their coping strategies. Thus, this research study aimed to describe and compare the work-related stress of fish vendor groups in Antique and how they cope with it. To address these, a convergent parallel mixed methods design was used. A total of 40 fish vendors with a mean age of 44.70 years, classified as formal (20) and informal (20), served as respondents. Data were gathered using a one-on-one interview with a question guide and a modified survey instrument for levels of perceived work stress (LPWS). Mann-Whitney U analysis revealed no significant difference between the overall LPWS of both groups (W= 4272.50, p>0.05). However, per dimension analysis of results showed a significant difference in the physical work environment dimension (W= 85.50, p<0.001). Conceptual content analysis also indicated that work-related stressors and coping strategies are relatively different between vendor groups and across dimensions. The findings of this research suggest that the physical work environment is a significant dimension that differentiates fish vendor groups’ levels and sources of work stress. Moreover, findings imply that social resources, especially among co-vendors, reduce LPWS.Item Urbanization and other factors affecting crime: An empirical analysis for the Philippines (1980-2012)Cabangal, Jaifreed; Año, Joselito Z., Jr. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)The world regards crime as a function dependent on the performance of law enforcement. International statistics focuses on the quality and quantity of law enforcement to prevent or lessen crime. Earlier studies on the economics of crime also focus on prevention of recidivism through the use of penalties and sentences. Recently, studies on identifying the relationship of macroeconomic data and crime are becoming popular. In the Pliilippines, academics and public officials acknowledge the effect of macroeconomic factors such as urbanization, poverty, inflation, national income, and unemployment to criminal activities in the country. This study focuses on the identification of the aforementioned factors that have significant long run relationship with crime. Moreover, the study also took into account police visibility as a factor to be tested because it is stated in one of the older studies regarding the economics of crime. Statistically, macroeconomic data are difficult to regress directly because of its nonstationarity. In lieu of this problem, Johansen cointegration is used for the analysis for it specializes on variables that are nonstationary at level form but stationary at first level. Most of the data are taken from the national body governing the statistics of the country and World Bank. There are two models that are tested. The first model is the cointegration of crime as the exogenous variable with urban population growth, inflation, unemployment, and national income to represent urbanization in the Philippines. The second model took into account crime, inflation, secondary and tertiary education enrollment rate, police visibility, national income, and unemployment as a consolidated model to represent the opportunity cost in engaging in criminal activities. The results shown that in the first model, all variables of urbanization have long run relationship with crime except for national income. On the other hand, the second model’s result showed that all variables that represent opportunity cost have long run relationship with crime except national income and tertiary education enrollment.Item A case study on the coastal resource co-management of Concepcion, IloiloCaballero, Noemi G.; Overio, Sheryl R. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-03)The research study is entitled A CASE STUDY ON COASTAL RESOURCE COMANAGEMENT IN CONCEPCION, ILOILO. The study answers the following objectives, first, to determine the contextual attributes of the municipality in terms of: a biophysical, b) market c) socio-cultural d) institutional and organizational attributes. Second, to assess the institutional and organizational arrangement of state and non-state actors which include Department of Agriculture, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the non-governmental organizations, and their relationship with one another in coastal resource co-management in Concepcion. Iloilo. Third, is to determine the type of coastal co-management arrangement that exist in the municipality. The conceptual framework of the study was adopted from the International Council for Living and Aquatic Resource Management (ICLARM). Specifically, the researchers focused on the organizational and institutional arrangement among state and non-state actors in co-management arrangements. A determination was also made on the type of comanagement arrangement existing in the municipality. In the conduct of the study, the researchers conducted interviews with key informants and prepared questionnaires for the fisherfolk-respondents. The respondents are the following: a) Department of Environment and Natural Resources, b) Department of Agriculture, c) Local Government Officials (Legislative and Executive), d) Northern Iloilo Alliance for Coastal Development (NIACDEV), e) Tambaliza Small-Scale Fishermen's Association (TASFA). f) Nipa Small- Scale Fishermen's Association (NISFA). The results of the study showed that a consultative type of co-management arrangement exists in Concepcion based on a frequency count of answers to questionnaires, interviews conducted by the researchers, and an analysis of legal policies.