Undergraduate Research Project
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/29
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Item Ethnic identity and self-esteem of Aetas in Cati-Cati community in Jordan, GuimarasCamit, Kristina L.; Javil, Jona G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)This study aimed to know the socio-demographic characteristics, ethnic identity, and self- esteem of Aetas in Cati - Cati community in Jordan, Guimaras. The study hypothesized that 1) Aetas have negative ethnic identity, 2) Aetas have high self-esteem, and 3) there is a direct relationship between the ethnic identity and self-esteem of the Aetas. Seventeen (17) males and forty-three (43) females were conveniently selected to participate in the study. They were the permanent residents of Sitio Cati - Cati in Barangay San Miguel, Jordan, Guimaras with ages ranging from sixteen (16) and above. Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Luhtanen and Crocker Ethnic Identity Scale, and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were the instruments utilized in conducting the in-depth individual interviews. The data were analyzed and interpreted using the frequency, summation, and mean. Pearson r was used in computing for the correlation between the two variables. Results revealed that most of the respondents were female pure Aetas with ages varying twenty-five (25) to forty-five (45) years. Generally, Aetas scored high both in ethnic identity (79.57) and self-esteem (26.35) measures. This signified that education has refined the lifestyles of Aetas and has raised their perspectives towards themselves and their ethnic group. Despite achieving the social acceptance within the mainstream society, still some of the Aetas feel inevitably discriminated. Basically, because they are stereotyped to be similar with the mendicant Aetas found on the city streets. Therefore, the study concluded that majority of the Aetas have positive ethnic identity and high self-esteem. The Pearson r computations (r=0.262) implied that there exists a direct relationship between the ethnic identity and self-esteem of the Aetas in Cati - Cati community in Jordan, Guimaras.Item An analysis of the exchange process within selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations and their external relations with the local government unit of Iloilo City (1992-present)Calubayan, Exzie G.; Distura, Irene Bianca B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)This study examines the exchange process within selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations and their external relations with the local government of Iloilo City from 1992- present. Their bargaining and lobbying strategies with the Local Government of Iloilo City were identified from 1992 to the present and were compared from that of John Omohundro’s study in 1971-1973 of the Chinese merchant families in Iloilo. Exchange theory was used to analyze and understand the relationship between the two parties. The study had five guiding objectives. Five selected Iloilo City-based Chinese organizations, the executive and legislative members of the Iloilo City Local Government including the PNP Police Chief composed the subjects of the study. In-depth interview and archival research were conducted to gather necessary information to answer the objectives of the study. The results of the study revealed that across time the Chinese organizations in Iloilo City has adopted various means and strategies to pursue and protect their interests depending on the level of pressures and threats coming from within the community and from the external environment. There have been apparent manifestations that their strategies have been effective in bringing about legal measures to protect them, especially their business and defense interests.Item Prospects for peace among the fraternities in the University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miag-ao CampusCalimoso, Lyndon F. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)Peace is not just the absence of war but it also has to be the presence of harmony between the elements. Aside from the fact that there have been isolated cases of inter-fraternity trouble, there does not exist any system that promotes peaceful coexistence to hinder any future conflict. Unknown to many, the experiences of nations is a comprehensive basis that could be an effective perspective in understanding the dynamics of Inter-Fraternity Relations and in formulating objective resolutions to the problems. The study was directed by three Objectives. First, it sought to identify the areas and factors that have, or have the potential to, cause tension in the relations of the fraternities. Secondly, the study sought to identify the factors that have, or have the potential to, promote peace in the relations of the fraternities. Third and last, the study looked into the question of what International Relations (I.R.) concepts may be applied to the interactions of the fraternities to lessen or prevent tension. Two Research Instruments were used in the collection of data. Key Informant Interviews (KII) and the Survey Questionnaires. In line with the research sub-problems, the results of the data-collection may be categorized into three main groupings. First, as with regards to the causes of tension in inter-fraternity relations, is that factors in the individual/pcrsonal level, factors in the level of the individual fraternities, and factors in the dynamics of the entire fraternity community all have the tendency to be sources of tension in inter-fraternity relations. Secondly, as for the factors that lessen or prevent tension in inter fraternity relations, data of the research shows that interactions of the members of the different fraternities in the dormitories or in other organizations and the role of the School Administration are the most prominent factors that lessen or prevent tension in inter-fraternity relations. As for the Causes of conflict, the analysis of the results show that there are still many aspects in Inter-Fraternity Relations that need to be carefully assessed and addressed. As for the Factors that Promote Peace, an analysis of the results from both methods show that the respondents believed that factors that involve greater interaction among the fraternities and the role of the School Administration were significant factors that will promote peace. Lastly, the analysis of the perception of the respondents on the use of IR concepts showed that an overwhelming majority of the respondents believed that maintaining positive relationship is an essential component of a harmonious fraternity community; that the Idealist practices of addressing the root of the problem before escalation and concept of Inter-fraternity council could lessen or prevent tension in Inter-Fraternity Relations; and that the Realist practices of the alliances between fraternities and deterrence will not be helpful in promoting peace but, rather, will only be sources of tension among the fraternities. In light of the results of this study, the following actions or policy Recommendations are suggested. First is that the School Administration should be firm with the implementation of University regulations with regards to Inter-Fraternity conflicts. Second, concerned Offices should initiate policies to promote interaction among fraternities. Third, fraternities themselves should enhance positive diplomatic relations. Fourth, there should be firm leadership within the fraternities so as to direct it to its true objective. Lastly, a legitimate Inter-Fraternity organization should be established. As for the recommendations for further study, one is that (the results should be verified by a study with a greater number of respondents and, secondly, records of the University and the Miag-ao Police Precinct regarding Inter-Fraternity conflicts should be studied.Item Awareness and practices of the military in upholding the human rights of political prisonersCalawod, Zeeba Grace B.; Estaris, Rubie Rizza F. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)This research study is on the awareness and practices of the military in upholding the human rights of political prisoners. The main objective of the study is to determine the military’s and political prisoners’ awareness of the concept of human rights and how are these rights upheld and reflected in the practices of the military in dealing with political prisoners. The purpose of this study is to correct the common notion of the Filipinos on the violent and abusive culture of the military carried over by the Martial Law era to the present dimension. Descriptive research design was the method used in the analysis of the results. Thirty (30) military men from the 47th Infantry Battalion were selected using the lottery sampling. The second set of respondents, the political prisoners were determined through purposive sampling, all of them detained in jails within the Region Six were individually visited by the proponents of this study. A set of 48-item questionnaire was distributed among the two groups of respondents. As for the political prisoners, an interview was conducted prior to the introduction of questionnaires to extract their own concept of human rights. The group interview with the military was done across ranks. One group was composed of three highest ranking officials assigned in the battalion and the other three were military men with three lowest ranks in the hierarchy. The results revealed that the military possessed a higher awareness on the concept of human rights compared to the political prisoners. The military’s high awareness was brought about by the rigid human rights training programs facilitated by the Armed Forces of the Philippines and other human rights advocate groups, and their significant educational background (a least two years of college education). The political prisoners on the other hand acquired their awareness from the popular education (“Pagtu-on”) they have received before joining the anti-government movement, and also from the human rights advocate groups they have met during their detention. Their limited or low awareness was explained by their lack of formal education (most of them were not able to finish elementary education). The military’s high awareness was reflected on the manner they deal with insurgents especially during their counter-insurgency operations. Most of the Human Rights violations experienced by the political prisoners happened during the detention phase of their imprisonment (i.e. unsanitary and overcrowded detention cells, inadequate food, and no free medical assistance) are upshots of insufficient budget from the government since the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology is not on the top priority of the administration. The Philippine Society is confronted with more vital problems that need more attention by the government, problems that are more critical than contemplating on the welfare of what the public would call the outlaws. The researchers recommend that the military officers should instill t their subordinates the importance of the concept of human rights and the LGU should allocate sufficient funds for the maintenance of the detention centers to safeguard the welfare of the political prisoners.Item The political career of Mayor Ludovico C. Cabardo of Leon, IloiloCaimoso, Joemarie C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)This is a study about the political career of Atty. Ludovico C. Cabardo, who served as the Mayor of Leon, Iloilo, from 1960-1963, 1971-1986, 1988-1992.This research aims to: 1.) Determine the reasons and circumstances that made Atty. Cabardo enter politics, 2.) Know the factors that affected his entire career, 3.) Find out the problems and difficulties that he encountered during his terms as a mayor and his strategies on how to handle them, and 4.) Find out his achievements and to evaluate their importance to the people of Leon, Iloilo. The researcher interviewed key informants and other people knowledgeable about this topic. It was found out that Atty. Cabardo had been influenced by other politicians to enter politics aside from the fact that he wanted to serve the people of Leon, Iloilo. Several factors led to his victory in the elections. He had effective political resources, efficient campaign strategies and good reputation. He also came across problems regarding health, education livelihood and insurgency during his political career. His main projects during his administration were roads, bridges, school buildings, health centers and other programs that alleviated the condition of the people in Leon Iloilo.Item Valuing the conservation of endangered species and their habitats in the Northwest Panay Peninsula Park: A preliminary study using contingent valuation method-(Personal Interview) of Kalibo ResidentsCahilig, Anahaw (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)Northwest Panay Peninsula (NWPP) is one of the centers of endemism of the country. It is home to diverse species of flora and fauna including species endemic to Panay with status ranging from endangered to critically endangered and an extremely and highly- urgent site for conservation. A survey using Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was done in selected barangays of Kalibo, Aklan to determine the willingness to pay of the residents to the conservation of the endangered species and their habitats in the NWPP. The results showed that the Kalibo-residents were unfamiliar with the existence of the NWPP and the endangered species it harbors. The study yields a mean WTP using the Survivor function Approach of the Kalibo respondents of Php 3.17. month or Php 38.04/ yearly. Despite the low awareness about the NWPP and the endangered species, the eight barangays included in this study would pay Php 283474.08 for its conservation and of all Kalibo residents (Social WTP) with 12,628 households, they would pay Php 480, 369.12 annually. With the high level of unawareness about NWPP, it is recommended by the researchers that more sources of information should be made available, not just to the Aklanons, but all throughout the country since this abundance in biodiversity are pride of the Filipino Nation.Item Civil society and the promotion of social capital: A case study of Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV) in Igbaras, Iloilo in 1998 and 2003 local electionsCadiao, Juna Mae B.; Itona, Mitzi Grace H. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)This study looked into the role of PPCRV as a civil society group in promoting social capital by providing substantive knowledge about importance of electoral exercise to democracy, civic duties, and nurturing social relationships. Among the activities of PPCRV are voter’s education, voter’s assistance and poll watching. Of these activities, most members focused more intensively on voter’s education. The members registered over all high levels of social capital. However, trust in the organization and its rules registered high level of approval compared to trust on other members. Cooperation with members in observing organization rules registered higher levels of approval compared to cooperation among members beyond organization rules. Association based on organization is higher compared to association among members beyond organization. Generally, PPCRV has generated a high level of social capital. This high level of social capital prompts members to work steadfastly even in the presence of transportation, financial and logistics constraints. This study examined social capital by surveying thirty-five (35) PPCRV members in Igbaras.Item Sexual identity, coming out, and romantic relationships among self-confessed college tomboys and lesbiansCabungcal, Kristine Marie C.; Cebrian, Veah Marie P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)This study described the sexual identity, coming out, and romantic relationships among self-confessed college tomboys and lesbians. Eight respondents (6 tomboys; 2 lesbians) participated in this study. The tomboys were found to assume more of a masculine role, while lesbians the feminine role. Questionnaires were utilized to describe gender identity and coming out. Also, two Likert types of scales by John Mohr that is Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Identity Scale and Outness Inventory were used. One-one-one interview with the respondents was also conducted to further substantiate what it is being a tomboy or n.lesbian. Results showed that a greater number of respondents (50%) had experienced sexual identity confusion during their elementary years. The same percentage of respondents also reported that it was at the age of 15 that they first realized that they were homosexuals. All of the respondents are clear of their sexual identity and have fully accepted themselves. The respondents were open to their friends. While open to their friends, they remain to be closeted at home due to the stigma that is attached by their family members to tomboys and lesbians.Item The effect of perceiver's gender and masculinity on male masculinity performing female streotypic rolesCabrera, Gresilita Liza B.; Ochon, Maybelle Lalaine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-10)This study was designed to examine the effects of perceiver’s gender and masculinity cues on male masculinity performing female stereotypic roles. 60 participants consisting of thirty males and thirty females, were randomly selected and assigned to four treatment groups. The groups had been assessed using the Instrument which comprises three descriptions with five items for the first description and 10 items for both the second and third descriptions. A 2x2 factorial design and two-way between ANOVA were used with a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that perceiver’s gender did not affect perception but masculinity cues yielded a considerable mark. Both male and female responded remarkably on descriptions with high masculinity cues only. The results further indicated that there is no interaction between the two independent variables.Item Koreans in Iloilo City: Their lifestyles, social-psychological and cultural adjustmentCabangal, Joann; Ledesma, Chrisgel (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)This study sought to know the sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, social- psychological, and cultural adjustment of Korean visitors in Iloilo City, who were currently enrolled in Moohan Tutorial Services, Inc. The results showed that Koreans in Iloilo City are generally single with ages ranging from 20 to 30 years old and are dependent on the allowances they receive from their parents or guardians monthly. The study also showed that Koreans in Iloilo City are relatively well adjusted in their life in the Philippines, which is manifested in their improved social interaction with the locals of Iloilo City. At the same time, they are generally well off as reflected on their spending patterns as compared to the Filipinos’ standard of living. They relatively spend more than an average Filipino would spend for food, transportation, clothing and many others for a certain period of time.