UPV Digital RepositoryUPV-DRUniversity of the Philippines Visayas
 

Undergraduate Research Project

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/29

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2004 - 20066

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Adviser: search.filters.advisor.Jover, Mary Barby D.End date: 2009

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    Prospects for peace among the fraternities in the University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miag-ao Campus
    Calimoso, Lyndon F. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)
    Peace is not just the absence of war but it also has to be the presence of harmony between the elements. Aside from the fact that there have been isolated cases of inter-fraternity trouble, there does not exist any system that promotes peaceful coexistence to hinder any future conflict. Unknown to many, the experiences of nations is a comprehensive basis that could be an effective perspective in understanding the dynamics of Inter-Fraternity Relations and in formulating objective resolutions to the problems. The study was directed by three Objectives. First, it sought to identify the areas and factors that have, or have the potential to, cause tension in the relations of the fraternities. Secondly, the study sought to identify the factors that have, or have the potential to, promote peace in the relations of the fraternities. Third and last, the study looked into the question of what International Relations (I.R.) concepts may be applied to the interactions of the fraternities to lessen or prevent tension. Two Research Instruments were used in the collection of data. Key Informant Interviews (KII) and the Survey Questionnaires. In line with the research sub-problems, the results of the data-collection may be categorized into three main groupings. First, as with regards to the causes of tension in inter-fraternity relations, is that factors in the individual/pcrsonal level, factors in the level of the individual fraternities, and factors in the dynamics of the entire fraternity community all have the tendency to be sources of tension in inter-fraternity relations. Secondly, as for the factors that lessen or prevent tension in inter fraternity relations, data of the research shows that interactions of the members of the different fraternities in the dormitories or in other organizations and the role of the School Administration are the most prominent factors that lessen or prevent tension in inter-fraternity relations. As for the Causes of conflict, the analysis of the results show that there are still many aspects in Inter-Fraternity Relations that need to be carefully assessed and addressed. As for the Factors that Promote Peace, an analysis of the results from both methods show that the respondents believed that factors that involve greater interaction among the fraternities and the role of the School Administration were significant factors that will promote peace. Lastly, the analysis of the perception of the respondents on the use of IR concepts showed that an overwhelming majority of the respondents believed that maintaining positive relationship is an essential component of a harmonious fraternity community; that the Idealist practices of addressing the root of the problem before escalation and concept of Inter-fraternity council could lessen or prevent tension in Inter-Fraternity Relations; and that the Realist practices of the alliances between fraternities and deterrence will not be helpful in promoting peace but, rather, will only be sources of tension among the fraternities. In light of the results of this study, the following actions or policy Recommendations are suggested. First is that the School Administration should be firm with the implementation of University regulations with regards to Inter-Fraternity conflicts. Second, concerned Offices should initiate policies to promote interaction among fraternities. Third, fraternities themselves should enhance positive diplomatic relations. Fourth, there should be firm leadership within the fraternities so as to direct it to its true objective. Lastly, a legitimate Inter-Fraternity organization should be established. As for the recommendations for further study, one is that (the results should be verified by a study with a greater number of respondents and, secondly, records of the University and the Miag-ao Police Precinct regarding Inter-Fraternity conflicts should be studied.
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    Awareness and practices of the military in upholding the human rights of political prisoners
    Calawod, Zeeba Grace B.; Estaris, Rubie Rizza F. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)
    This research study is on the awareness and practices of the military in upholding the human rights of political prisoners. The main objective of the study is to determine the military’s and political prisoners’ awareness of the concept of human rights and how are these rights upheld and reflected in the practices of the military in dealing with political prisoners. The purpose of this study is to correct the common notion of the Filipinos on the violent and abusive culture of the military carried over by the Martial Law era to the present dimension. Descriptive research design was the method used in the analysis of the results. Thirty (30) military men from the 47th Infantry Battalion were selected using the lottery sampling. The second set of respondents, the political prisoners were determined through purposive sampling, all of them detained in jails within the Region Six were individually visited by the proponents of this study. A set of 48-item questionnaire was distributed among the two groups of respondents. As for the political prisoners, an interview was conducted prior to the introduction of questionnaires to extract their own concept of human rights. The group interview with the military was done across ranks. One group was composed of three highest ranking officials assigned in the battalion and the other three were military men with three lowest ranks in the hierarchy. The results revealed that the military possessed a higher awareness on the concept of human rights compared to the political prisoners. The military’s high awareness was brought about by the rigid human rights training programs facilitated by the Armed Forces of the Philippines and other human rights advocate groups, and their significant educational background (a least two years of college education). The political prisoners on the other hand acquired their awareness from the popular education (“Pagtu-on”) they have received before joining the anti-government movement, and also from the human rights advocate groups they have met during their detention. Their limited or low awareness was explained by their lack of formal education (most of them were not able to finish elementary education). The military’s high awareness was reflected on the manner they deal with insurgents especially during their counter-insurgency operations. Most of the Human Rights violations experienced by the political prisoners happened during the detention phase of their imprisonment (i.e. unsanitary and overcrowded detention cells, inadequate food, and no free medical assistance) are upshots of insufficient budget from the government since the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology is not on the top priority of the administration. The Philippine Society is confronted with more vital problems that need more attention by the government, problems that are more critical than contemplating on the welfare of what the public would call the outlaws. The researchers recommend that the military officers should instill t their subordinates the importance of the concept of human rights and the LGU should allocate sufficient funds for the maintenance of the detention centers to safeguard the welfare of the political prisoners.
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    Factors affecting compliance of Iloilo City jeepney drivers (Molo via City High and Jaro Mandurriao) with anti-smoking ordinance: An assessment of Local Government Unit (LGU) ordinance implementation
    Biboso, Rissa A.; Salar, Edmund B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)
    The study sought to determine the factors affecting compliance of Iloilo City jeepney drivers to the anti-smoking ordinance, as well as assess the implementing mechanisms of the LGU in enforcing the said ordinance. Forty three (43) jeepney drivers plying two routes served as the respondents of the study, seven drivers from the Molo via City High route and thirty six respondents from Jaro Mandurriao. Likert scales were used to measure the respondents’ level of awareness regarding the ordinance and level of perception of legitimacy of authority. On the other hand, rating scales were used to rank the respondents’ reasons for compliance to the anti-smoking ordinance. Results showed that age and educational attainment do not affect the level of awareness and perception of legitimacy of authority of the jeepney drivers. Furthermore, the primary reasons for the jeepney drivers’ compliance to the anti-smoking ordinance were their level of awareness of the ordinance, the P300.00 fine for violators, confiscation of driver’s license and the presence of the Anti-smoking Task Force. Results showed that the implementing mechanisms employed by the LGU were effective.
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    The institutional performance of the Roxas City Local Government Unit in Diwal conservation based on the localization mechanisms of Philippine Agenda 21
    Bernas, Mary Mayzee D.; Diocena, Ma. Brenda May H. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)
    The study sought to describe the institutional performance of the Roxas City Local Unit in Diwal conservation based on the localization mechanisms of Philippine Agenda 21. Specifically, it aimed to determine the following: (1) Roxas City LGU’s employment of the localization mechanism of Philippine Agenda 21 in Diwal conservation; (2) results of the performance of the Roxas City LGU in the actual conservation of Diwal; and (3) constituency evaluation regarding the Diwal conservation policy. The objectives were met through archival research and survey research with the protagonists like the Mayor, Vice Mayor, Sangguniang Panlungsod members, DA employees, and City Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Management Council members, and with the residents of Barangay.Punta Cogon Roxas City as respondents. It is found out that the protagonists generally have a positive attitude regarding the Diwal conservation efforts attributable to the nature of their jobs, to the immediate benefits that the Diwal project provides, to the status of Roxas City as the Seafood Capital of the Philippines, and to what Kaase and Newton refer to as lifestyle/new politics. Statistical and information facilities employed are found to be sufficient. At present, eight local legislations that have been formulated and implemented by the SP and CFARMC members are found to manifest the sustainable development of the Diwal. Moreover, there is an existing structure of multi-stakeholdership of the public authorities, DA employees, CFARMC members, and the Roxas City Diwal divers, which is consistent with the basic principle of collective choices and responsibility towards the realization of sustainable development goals as espoused in PA 21. The operationalization strategies employed in Diwal conservation were found and an ample amount of money has already been spent for the Diwal conservation efforts. Furthermore, it was also found out that there is a significant increase in the number of programs and trainings conducted from the year 2004 to 2005, manifesting a growing concern for the Diwal project. Development reports have been documented but were not communicated to larger institutions. Data shows that there is a remarkable revival in the Diwal industry. Constituency evaluation also shows that they are generally satisfied. The research findings showed that the Roxas City Local Government is effective in its substantial localization of the PA 21 concept of sustainable development applied in Diwal conservation. It was able to revive the Diwal stock, and was able to elicit positive reactions from its constituents. Thus comparative advantage, more legislations regarding the areas of tourism, export, quality of Diwal industry, and uphold the rights and welfare of the basic sectors which are the Diwal divers. In addition, strengthening of the basic sectors enhancing their leverage capabilities should also be pursued.
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    Factors affecting the people's advocacy in Barangay San Pedro, San Jose, Antique
    Berbolla, Nelry Joy P.; Juada, Kristine Anne P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)
    This study sought to determine the factors that lead people to advocate or not on the issue. It wanted to find out if there was a relationship between (a) educational attainment, (b) annual family income, (c) personal awareness on the issue, and (d) perceived health and environmental advantages or disadvantages, and people’s advocacy. The study was conducted in Barangay San Pedro, San Jose, Antique with 320 respondents. Self-administered questionnaires which included a translation in Hiligaynon were given to these respondents. The questionnaire has two parts, (a) the respondents’ educational attainment and annual family income; (b) the Likert-type scale composed of a number of statements designed to determine the relationship of advocacy to personal awareness on the issue, and perceived health and environmental advantages or disadvantages of the issue or project. Hence, the response options of the respondents for this scale were strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree and strongly agree. Using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, the study yielded the following results: a negligible relationship between advocacy and educational attainment, a negligible relationship between advocacy and annual family income, a weak relationship between advocacy and personal awareness on the issue, and a negligible relationship between advocacy and perceived health, and environmental advantages or disadvantages of the issue or project. Simply, out of the listed four factors that may affect the people’s advocacy, only the personal awareness on the issue had the possibility of affecting the people’s advocacy. All the others were proven to have no effect on the people’s advocacy.
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    Interest group politics behind the proposed construction of the coal-fired power plant in Banate, Iloilo
    Belgira, Rhoan Louiege B.; Villanueva, Lester G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)
    This study looked into the political dynamics of interest groups behind the proposed construction of the coal-fired power plant in Banate, Iloilo. Specifically, the study looked into how the interest groups define and value the environment, the strategies employed by the interest groups in their campaign, the resources utilized by the interest groups, how the interest groups behave within the alliance and the advocacy results of their campaign. The groups viewed the environment to be the surroundings that include biophysical, biological and other elements. The groups value the environment because of the benefits they can derive from it. The groups had given the same value and respect to the environment before and after the campaign. The strategics employed by the interest groups in articulating their interests with regard to the issue were community organizing, information and education campaign, mass mobilizations, networking and linkaging, tasking, research and analysis, and lobbying. The strategies that the groups employed were also reflective to what were suggested in the literatures. On the building of alliance, qith other interest groups, it is reflective of the trend among interest groups today-that is to build alliance in order to strengthen the campaign in pursuing their respective interests. The resources utilized in the duration of the campaign depended on what was available and demanded by the time. Mobilizable resources came from three major sources: the beneficiary constituency, conscience constituency, and the non-constituency institutions. The resources that were utilized by the interest groups in the campaign were material resources such as human resources, financial resources, information and institutions, and the non-malerial resources such as time, connections, experiences, influence, credibility and authority, and prayers. Interest groups within the alliance had varying levels of participation in the duration of the campaign. Aside from the strategies and resources employed by the interest groups in the campaign, the political environment also played major role in the results of the campaign. The interest groups viewed the up-coming 2004 elections as a big factor that influenced the results of the campaign.