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Undergraduate Research Paper

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28

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    Problems in granting land title to Sulod Bukidnon: A case of Brgy. Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo
    Brillo, Encel Joy F.; Verano, Renold M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-04)
    This is a descriptive study at the same time exploratory in nature of the Sulod- Bukidnon’s claim of their ancestral domain title. Mainly, the researchers put emphasis on the mandate of the NCIP (National Commission on Indigenous Peoples) for the implementation of the IPRA including the requirements and processes for the granting of CADT (Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title); the Sulod- Bukidnons basis of ancestral domain claim, awareness of IPRA and NCIP, and Customary law with regards to land ownership; the factors that hinder the NCIP operations for the granting of Sulod- Bukidnon’s ancestral claim; and the accomplishments of NCIP and the Sulod- Bukidnon to date in the pursuit of their respective interest. It was found out in the study that any persons/community who are classified by the NCIP (based on genealogical survey), as indigenous could apply for CADT. The CADT recognizes the rights, possession and ownership of Indigenous Peoples (IPs) over their ancestral domains. According to RA 8371, IPRA, respect the indigenous concept of particular ownership of such land. The law also recognizes that the IP’s ancestral domain is a community property that belongs to all generations. NCIP on the other hand was created as the primary agency for the implementation of policies, plans, and programs to promote the rights and well being of the IPs. This two (IPRA and NCIP) actually are the support systems of the IPs on their claim to their ancestral domain title. It was also found out in the study that the indigenous people in the periphery have different notion/lack of idea regarding IPRA and NCIP, compared to the people in the center or near in the barangay proper, who are more aware of what the law and the commission was all about. The latter kind of people composed mainly of tribal leaders, who undergo a series of seminars conducted by NCIP. The IPs are the one who identify the areas covered by their ancestral domain. Basically, long- time occupancy and cultivation of land are the main condition for the ownership of the land. The NCIP on the other hand only facilitates the granting of land title to the IPs. There were several factors identified in these study that affected the granting of land title to the Sulod- Bukidnon. Mainly, conflict of interest between IPs and the other government agencies/institution, specifically, West Visayas State University- College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF), IPs lack of awareness about the law and the commission, and other personal interest.
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    Conservation values of selected Bacolod City High School students for coral reefs in Sagay Marine Reserve, Negros Occidental
    Bocario, Sydney B.; Togonon, Celina C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    Most studies on economic valuation take household heads as respondents since they earn money for the family and usually make most of the decisions. Other sectors of the society, especially the students or members of the youth, are rarely involved in these kinds of studies. Contrary to popular practices, this study considered the youth, particularly high school students, as the respondents of the survey. Through stratified and systematic random sampling, 400 respondents were chosen from five public high schools. Data was gathered from 80 students per school through a group administered survey. A protocol for a group-administered survey was constructed in order to ensure that data is collected in an unbiased, organized and systematic way. The willingness-to-pay of students in public high schools in Bacolod City for the conservation of the coral reefs in Sagay Marine Reserve (SMR) amounted to Php 3,156,894.02, per month. The selected mode of payment was through student government collection. The top reasons for their decision to pay were because of existence values, altruistic motive, and bequest value. Some of them were not willing to pay because they lacked funds, they did not trust the government, and/or they believe that the residents in coastal areas were the main reason why the resource is depleting. The factors that affected the students’ willingness-to-pay were price bid, household size, monthly income and perceived importance. This study found that high school students can contribute resources either in money or in-kind, and in fact the monetary WTP was within their capacity and cash received. This study may be significant to the youth by amplifying their roles in the conservation of natural resources. The methods employed in this study may also benefit future researchers and policy implementers.
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    Factors affecting the political mobilization of the Lambunao Sulod-Bukidnons in relation to their ancestral land claim
    Betita, Ma. Antonette Rose S.; Gaudiel, Kristine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    The respondents of the study are the Sulod-Bukidnons (Bukidnons) of Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo. Their land had been included under the reservation area of the West Visayas State University - College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF) by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 429. Thus, their aim is to regain the land that belonged to them. The study sought to determine the following objectives: (1) the basis of land claims by the Bukidnons, (2) the forms of political mobilization conducted over their land claims (3) the factors that affect it, and (4) the role of the outside sectors in asserting their land claims. The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature which employed structured interview to gather data from 91 Bukidnon respondents aged 18 years old and above. Key Informant Interviews with the President and Vice-President of Bukidnon United Tribe Association (BUTA) and direct observation were also used. Chi-square (with 0.05 level of significance) was used as a statistical tool to determine the relationship of the variables. The results of the study showed that ancestral domain/inheritance was the basis of the Bukidnons in claiming their lands. The Bukidnons have utilized three forms of conventional and non-violent political mobilization: negotiations, petitions and assemblies. Age is one factor that affected Bukidnons to participate in negotiations. The study showed that Bukidnons above 60 did not participate in the negotiation. Higher educational attainment is also a factor that engaged them in negotiation. The lack of awareness of the size of the land involved in the conflict made the Bukidnons not participative. Also, the minimal importance given by the Bukidnons to their land in terms of housing and self-determination made them not participate in the negotiation. In the filing of petitions as another form of mobilization, only the awareness on the negotiation of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) was seen as a factor for the Bukidnons to engage in such mobilization. The reason for this was that they saw the fling of petitions as a way to hasten up the granting of Ancestral Domain Title (ADT). Assembly was another mobilization where most members had participated. Membership in BUTA was seen as a factor in joining the assembly. Attendance in assemblies showed sense of membership and support to the cause of their association. The presence of help from outside sectors and the help from both members and leaders of BUTA likewise encouraged Bukidnons to be participative in assemblies. PANLIPI Legal Assistance Center, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and Philippine Association for Intercultural Development played a major role in helping the cause of the Bukidnons. They had provided legal and technical assistance to the IPs. Lastly, the awareness on the petition filed and their assertion over their land claims made the Bukidnons to mobilize. The findings showed that the Bukidnons have long been working for the granting of their ancestral domain title. They perceived that once their ADT has been granted to them, the issue with WVSU will also be resolved. They do not oppose the presence of the university in the barangay; most of them simply ask to redefine the land and regain the area that belonged to them. At the end of the study, the researchers recommend further academic studies on the political mobilization of the Bukidnons. A policy recommendation is advised that BUTA members should take active role on the issue. Information dissemination and inculcation of IPs’ rights can be decisive factors to increase participation in mobilization. NCIP should give uttermost importance to the granting of the land of IPs and be more responsive to the needs and grievances of the IPs.
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    Pag-amlig kang dunang manggad: An analysis of the protected area management practices in the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park (NPPNP)
    Biadora, Edison N., Jr.; Elizada, Glenn Cymark E.; Laging, Stewart E.; Salgado, Cielo (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-07)
    There is growing evidence that despite the government's efforts to preserve and conserve the Philippines' forests through implementing the Protected Areas (PA) System, threats to natural resources continue to rise. There is also a continued decline in the number of endangered species. There is thus a disconnect between efforts in establishing PAs and the increasing biodiversity loss, prompting government implementers, scholars, and NGOs to rethink and reevaluate their efforts against these threats. Our study investigated the case of the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park (NPPNP) to identify and analyze the preservation and conservation strategies implemented by institutional and non-institutional actors and assess their effectiveness in response to the emergence of human-induced threats. To achieve these objectives, the researchers utilized an adapted METT-4 questionnaire supplemented by key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis to analyze the overall effectiveness of PA management. Data from management institutions and other organizations was utilized to scrutinize the emergence of human- induced threats vis-a-vis conservation and preservation strategies. Our study revealed that preservation and conservation measures employed by institutional and non- institutional actors do not translate to a reduction of human-induced threats in NPPNP. The overall result further implies that the NPPNP is currently targeted for the exploitation of natural resources for commercialization purposes.
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    An examination of the role of the local government and non government organizations in the management of the Northwest Panay Peninsula low-elevated forest
    Bayquin, Sheila M.; Solidum, Fervilynn L. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)
    The study tries to examine the role of the Local Government Units (LGUs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) in the implementation of Philippine forest policy in Northwest Panay Peninsula Low-elevated Forest. The municipal government of Pandan, Antique collaborates with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources to introduce community-based forest management. The NGOs on the other hand help in the sourcing of funds for forest conservation projects and of linking local communities with the market. The present study suggests that local government units, NGOs, and other external agents should have more clearly defined rules in forest resource management.
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    Client's assessment of the quality of care of family planning services in the rural health unit of Pavia, Iloilo
    Basas, Orchid Joy B.; Golez, Sheila Mae G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)
    Family Planning Studies in the Philippines had grown into enormous number. They are mostly centered on the acceptance of the various contraceptive methods by the couple and do not usually focus on the quality of care of family planning services. This study was conducted primarily in order to determine the clients’ assessment of the three aspects of Quality of Care of Family Planning Services (choice of methods, information given to clients and mechanisms for continuity of use) provided by the Rural Health Unit in Pavia, Iloilo. The respondents were thirty-five (35) married women of reproductive age (15-49). The data were analyzed using simple frequency counts and percentages. The result of the study revealed that IUD and pills are the most offered contraceptive methods in the clinic. Other methods that are being offered include condoms, injectables, rhythm, withdrawal, ligation and vasectomy. Most of the respondents preferred IUD and pills as their method. It also revealed that the respondents were informed about the side effects and effectiveness of their chosen method. Most of them also were able to discuss what they know about their chosen method. With regards to information service, most of the respondents were informed by the health worker regarding their chosen method. The study also revealed that the mechanisms used by the health worker to ensure continuity of use is through verbal means and by pressuring the respondents to go back in the clinic. By average, the clients’ assessment of the quality of care of family planning services is very good which means that they are satisfied with the services they get from the clinic.
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    Statement ang Malolo: An analysis of an Ilonggo concept
    Bartonico, Alora Grace P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)
    This paper examines the different perspectives that have been used to define the meaning of Ilonggo concept malolo. It argues that the concept malolo derives not only its linguistic characteristics but it is also manifested through observable behaviors of Ilonggos. It reviews the meaning of the concept across history by inspecting some pieces of Ilonggo literature of the 20th century. This paper also examines the meaning of the term as it is understood by today's speakers themselves. It describes the use of the term malolo as a stereotype for Ilonggos by both Hiligaynon and non-Hiligaynon speakers. It observes that the concept has different uses and meanings across generations; as well, the understanding of the concept differs from rural and urban areas
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    Gender differences in desired quality of mates among young employed adults in Iloilo City
    Banzuelo, Mariddie L.; Calibjo, Marie Tonnie O. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2006-03)
    This study measured the relationship between the variables as mentioned, gender and desired qualities in mates. It also identified the desired characteristics deemed important by males and females in their potential mate as supported by the evolutionary theory. Two hundred young employed single individuals working in various establishments in Iloilo City completed a 12 item questionnaire which allowed them to rank the characteristics in order of preference. Descriptive analysis showed that there are gender differences in the choice of desired characteristics and is indeed supported by the evolutionary theory on mate selection. Cultural and social aspects were proven to be influencing factors in determining some of the top three characteristics. To determine if the genders differed in the ranks they gave to each trait, the Mann-Whitney test was used.
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    Trade-off between agricultural emissions and rice production of select Southeast Asian countries: an empirical analysis using the EKC hypothesis
    Bantugan, Julia Murielle A.; Maravilla, Giuseppe Cee S. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)
    Southeast Asia has made remarkable progress in intensifying its rice production, which increased the region’s greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This study examines the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis and the effects of rice production on GHG emissions in the six major rice-producing Southeast Asian countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam for the period 1970 to 2020 using secondary, annual time-series data from Our World in Data and FAOSTAT. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Mann-Kendall Test, Dickey- Fuller and Phillips-Perron Unit Root Tests, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test, and the Johansen Cointegration Test. An unrestricted error correction model (UECM) and Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) were then estimated. Diagnostic tests were also employed, and the turning points for EKC-conforming countries were calculated. The results confirmed the EKC hypothesis for Indonesia (carbon dioxide emissions) and the Philippines (both carbon dioxide and methane emissions). The Philippines had long achieved the turning point, while Indonesia had not. Rice production had a directly-proportional relationship with GHG emissions as it increased carbon dioxide emissions and decreased methane emissions for Indonesia. It decreased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced in the atmosphere for Indonesia and the Philippines and methane emissions for the Philippines and Thailand. In contrast, rice production increased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in Thailand and methane emissions in Indonesia.
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    Group study vs. individual study: A comparison of effective study technique
    Bang-as, Erlie P.; Toles, Elohai N. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 1998-03-31)
    This study was an attempt to find out which of the two study techniques is effective: group study or individual study. It also sought to know which of the two academic groups performed better in a group study or in an individual study. The respondents were 60 students from the Biological and Social Sciences Divisions. Subjects were selected using the simple random sampling. The design was a 2 (Group study and Individual study) x 2 (Biological Sciences and Social Sciences) factorial design and this tested three hypotheses; (1) To find out if students perform better when they study in groups than when they study alone; (2) To find out if Biology students perform better than Social Science students; (3) To know if Biology students perform better than Social Science students when they study in groups than when they study alone The researchers used the 2x2 Analysis of Variance in the analysis of the data. The results were obtained by using the ANOVA and F test was used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that (1) students who studied in groups performed better than those who studied individually, (2) Biology students performed better than Social Science students and (3) there was an interaction between study techniques and the academic groups.