Undergraduate Research Paper
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28
Browse
13 results
Search Results
Item Vulnerability to natural hazards of households in the coastal Barangays of New Washington, AklanBulacan, Nirvana Dominique F.; Carillo, Shelica Cheyene T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)Natural phenomena such as typhoon, flood, storm surge, sea level rise and coastal erosion are some of the natural hazards that affect the world especially the coastal inhabitants. In line with this, coastal inhabitants are considered the most vulnerable to natural hazards. This study explores the vulnerability and socio-economic factors affecting it. This study aims to determine the extent of vulnerability to natural hazards of households in coastal barangays of New Washington, Aklan. Vulnerability Index (VI) was used to measure vulnerability in terms of natural hazard exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. While, Vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) was used to determine socioeconomic factors that may affect vulnerability. The VI results to low vulnerability of households. Whereas, VEP determined some socio-economic factors that statistically affect vulnerability in terms of per capita consumption expenditure such as highest educational attainment and employment in agriculture or industry of the household head, land ownership, number of family members and income per capita.Item Problems in granting land title to Sulod Bukidnon: A case of Brgy. Jayobo, Lambunao, IloiloBrillo, Encel Joy F.; Verano, Renold M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-04)This is a descriptive study at the same time exploratory in nature of the Sulod- Bukidnon’s claim of their ancestral domain title. Mainly, the researchers put emphasis on the mandate of the NCIP (National Commission on Indigenous Peoples) for the implementation of the IPRA including the requirements and processes for the granting of CADT (Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title); the Sulod- Bukidnons basis of ancestral domain claim, awareness of IPRA and NCIP, and Customary law with regards to land ownership; the factors that hinder the NCIP operations for the granting of Sulod- Bukidnon’s ancestral claim; and the accomplishments of NCIP and the Sulod- Bukidnon to date in the pursuit of their respective interest. It was found out in the study that any persons/community who are classified by the NCIP (based on genealogical survey), as indigenous could apply for CADT. The CADT recognizes the rights, possession and ownership of Indigenous Peoples (IPs) over their ancestral domains. According to RA 8371, IPRA, respect the indigenous concept of particular ownership of such land. The law also recognizes that the IP’s ancestral domain is a community property that belongs to all generations. NCIP on the other hand was created as the primary agency for the implementation of policies, plans, and programs to promote the rights and well being of the IPs. This two (IPRA and NCIP) actually are the support systems of the IPs on their claim to their ancestral domain title. It was also found out in the study that the indigenous people in the periphery have different notion/lack of idea regarding IPRA and NCIP, compared to the people in the center or near in the barangay proper, who are more aware of what the law and the commission was all about. The latter kind of people composed mainly of tribal leaders, who undergo a series of seminars conducted by NCIP. The IPs are the one who identify the areas covered by their ancestral domain. Basically, long- time occupancy and cultivation of land are the main condition for the ownership of the land. The NCIP on the other hand only facilitates the granting of land title to the IPs. There were several factors identified in these study that affected the granting of land title to the Sulod- Bukidnon. Mainly, conflict of interest between IPs and the other government agencies/institution, specifically, West Visayas State University- College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF), IPs lack of awareness about the law and the commission, and other personal interest.Item Value chain analysis of Lampirong (Placuna placenta) in Oton, IloiloBito-on, Edrian T.; Haro, Errielle Nicole M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)Lampirong (Placuna placenta) is a highly valued bivalve in the Philippines due to its economic value. It was once abundant in Oton and was overexploited, leading to its stock depletion. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center’s (SEAFDEC) efforts to enhance the stock in Oton resulted in the resurgence of lampirong stock and industry. The lack of transparency in the lampirong industry and studies on the linkages between the actors in the lampirong business have gotten little to no attention following the resurgence of lampirong and the recovery of the shell craft industry after the depletion. A Value Chain Analysis (VCA) was conducted to evaluate the overall performance of the local lampirong industry following the stock enhancement. Using an interview schedule, the researchers gathered primary data from a total of 20 study participants. They were interviewed in the month of May and were grouped according to the tasks they carried out. The biggest player of the chain turned out to be the Institutional Buyers as they are the bulk buyers and sellers of lampirong in the market. The industry resembles a competitive market as the majority of participants were price takers and the products are homogenous. As the lampirong transforms from raw to processed forms, its net added value increases as it goes through the various actors. Lampirong processing incurred the highest cost but also generated the highest value-added. Diving lampirong was performed by men while processing and trading were dominated by women.Item Issues of multi-actor collaboration in the fisheries sector: Localization of post-Yolanda rehabilitation frameworks in Roxas City, CapizBisan, Flora May D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)As a calamity without peer, typhoon Yolanda can be perceived as an event that brought about a challenging political landscape for Northern Panay communities. The extent of the damage incurred from the typhoon in 2013 stimulated large-scale rehabilitation activities from multiple actors which entailed two things: first is the evolution of the functions of government agencies for the fisheries sector and second is the introduction of non-government actors in the playing field. Local Government Units and civil society organizations are important political institutions because of their direct contact with the community making them the immediate responders during emergencies. However, Yolanda tends to unmake these political institutions as they face challenges with resources and program skills in fulfilling their mandates for rehabilitation. Using available secondary data, key informant interviews and focus group discussion, the study examines how the post — Yolanda Rehabilitation Frameworks are localized by these actors in carrying out their rehabilitation programs to restore the livelihoods of the affected individuals in the fisheries sector in Roxas City, Capiz. The study analyzes localization by examining the changes in the roles of government agencies on the fisheries sector and by looking into the extent of collaboration of multiple actors involved in rehabilitation through an integrated theoretical framework based on the Structural - Functional Theory by Talcott Parsons (1961) and the Levels of Community Linkage Model developed by Teresa Hogue (1993). This study provides a picture on how rehabilitation after Yolanda is presently being carried out by both the government and non-government actors which has critical implications for the recovery of client fishers.Item Factors affecting the political mobilization of the Lambunao Sulod-Bukidnons in relation to their ancestral land claimBetita, Ma. Antonette Rose S.; Gaudiel, Kristine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)The respondents of the study are the Sulod-Bukidnons (Bukidnons) of Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo. Their land had been included under the reservation area of the West Visayas State University - College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF) by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 429. Thus, their aim is to regain the land that belonged to them. The study sought to determine the following objectives: (1) the basis of land claims by the Bukidnons, (2) the forms of political mobilization conducted over their land claims (3) the factors that affect it, and (4) the role of the outside sectors in asserting their land claims. The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature which employed structured interview to gather data from 91 Bukidnon respondents aged 18 years old and above. Key Informant Interviews with the President and Vice-President of Bukidnon United Tribe Association (BUTA) and direct observation were also used. Chi-square (with 0.05 level of significance) was used as a statistical tool to determine the relationship of the variables. The results of the study showed that ancestral domain/inheritance was the basis of the Bukidnons in claiming their lands. The Bukidnons have utilized three forms of conventional and non-violent political mobilization: negotiations, petitions and assemblies. Age is one factor that affected Bukidnons to participate in negotiations. The study showed that Bukidnons above 60 did not participate in the negotiation. Higher educational attainment is also a factor that engaged them in negotiation. The lack of awareness of the size of the land involved in the conflict made the Bukidnons not participative. Also, the minimal importance given by the Bukidnons to their land in terms of housing and self-determination made them not participate in the negotiation. In the filing of petitions as another form of mobilization, only the awareness on the negotiation of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) was seen as a factor for the Bukidnons to engage in such mobilization. The reason for this was that they saw the fling of petitions as a way to hasten up the granting of Ancestral Domain Title (ADT). Assembly was another mobilization where most members had participated. Membership in BUTA was seen as a factor in joining the assembly. Attendance in assemblies showed sense of membership and support to the cause of their association. The presence of help from outside sectors and the help from both members and leaders of BUTA likewise encouraged Bukidnons to be participative in assemblies. PANLIPI Legal Assistance Center, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and Philippine Association for Intercultural Development played a major role in helping the cause of the Bukidnons. They had provided legal and technical assistance to the IPs. Lastly, the awareness on the petition filed and their assertion over their land claims made the Bukidnons to mobilize. The findings showed that the Bukidnons have long been working for the granting of their ancestral domain title. They perceived that once their ADT has been granted to them, the issue with WVSU will also be resolved. They do not oppose the presence of the university in the barangay; most of them simply ask to redefine the land and regain the area that belonged to them. At the end of the study, the researchers recommend further academic studies on the political mobilization of the Bukidnons. A policy recommendation is advised that BUTA members should take active role on the issue. Information dissemination and inculcation of IPs’ rights can be decisive factors to increase participation in mobilization. NCIP should give uttermost importance to the granting of the land of IPs and be more responsive to the needs and grievances of the IPs.Item Ascariasis and protein energy malnutrition among schoolchildren of Monteclaro Elementary School, Miag-ao, IloiloBerlin, Nellisa Marie; Chua, Enrique III; Daquilenea, Miko; Dorde, Cristy Joy; Hosillos, Juls; Libo-on, Dyann Dolour; Panizales, Katherine Royce; Robleza, Xela Patricia; Sanchez, Maria Lourdes; Sumayo, Marilyn (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-04)Ascaris infections lead to malnutrition and poor cognitive development especially to children aged 5-15 years of age. In the Philippines, protein-energy malnutrition is one of the ten leading causes of child mortality. From January to February 2008, a cross- sectional descriptive study was carried out in Monteclaro Elementary School to describe the prevalence of ascariasis and the prevalence of protein energy malnutrition and relate it to the demographic factors such as age group, educational attainment of the mother, annual family income, availability of toilet, and proper hand washing practice. Sixty eight pupils of the said school were included in the study with ages ranging from 6-13 years. Fecal sample of the participants were collected, processed using the Kato-Katz smear technique, and microscopically examined to determine the prevalence of infections. The weight was measured for weight for age index. A self administered questionnaire was given to know about socio-economic factors. Handwashing activities were utilized as a basis for personal hygiene. The result of the study shows that 12% of the study population has a mild A. lumbricoides infection. Weight for age measurement shows that 21% of the pupils are underweight. Pupils of the age group 12-14 were of the highest frequency of ascaris infection and pupils of the age group of 6-8 were of the lowest frequency. Twelve percent of pupils who have toilets in their household are positive for ascaris infection. All pupils failed in the handwashing activity. Twenty seven percent of the pupils whose mothers have no formal education were underweight. This is due to the level of education that the mother has achieved. Mothers who have undergone tertiary education know more about the proper ways to nourish their children thereby minimizing children who are underweight. Twenty-three percent of the pupils included in the study were below normal in the weight for age index. Trend shows that those families with lower income have a higher frequency of respondents that are underweight. For pupils with below normal weight for age 50% are without toilet while 19% with toilet. There is low prevalence of ascariasis in Monteclaro Elementary School. The results of this study do not truly show the relationship of ascariasis with protein energy malnutrition. Inconsistencies of the results with the findings of other studies are possibly due to low number of positive ascaris-infected participants and the low number of overall participants. Increase in the sample size and ascariasis positive participants within the sample are recommended to get more accurate results.Item A comparative study on the political awareness and level of trust to the government in relation to the level of political participation of in-school and out-of-school youths in Miag-ao, IloiloBaylosis, Jericho Alain G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)This study sought to determine, compare, and analyze the political awareness and the level of trust to the government in relation to the level of political participation of the inschool and out-of-school youth in Miag-ao, Iloilo. Specifically the study tried to identify the political awareness of both in- school and out- of- school youth and the factors that influence their political awareness. It likewise sought to determine the differences in the political awareness, level of trust to the government, and level of political participation of both in- school and out- of- school youth. The study also sought to find out if the level of trust to the government affects the level of political participation of the respondents. One- hundred three (103) in- school youth were selected by simple random sampling from Miag-ao National High School and twenty- one (21) out- of- school youth were selected by employing the snowball sampling from the barangays that compose the poblacion area of the municipality of Miag-ao served as the respondents of the study. Likert scale was used to measure the respondents’ level of trust to the government and level of political participation. On the other hand, a “yes- no scale” was used to measure the political awareness of both respondents. The Mann-Witney Non Parametric test and the Chi-square test were used to analyze the results of the study. Research results showed that age does not affect the political awareness of the respondents but on the other hand, results of the study also showed that sex and educational attainment affect the respondents’ political awareness and that these two factors serve as a determinant of political awareness Comparing the results of both in- school and out- of- school youth showed both sets of respondents are politically aware, for their averages fall above the 50% line but the in-school youth showed a higher level of political awareness as compared to the out-of-school youth. In terms on their level of trust to the government, both respondents are undecided if they trust the government. Research results from the level of political participation of the in-school and out-of-school youth showed that both respondents agree that the youth should be politically participate. Lastly, the results of the study showed that the respondents’ level of trust to the government does not affect their level of political participationItem To run or not to run: Intentions of politicians to participate in politicsBautista, Michelle M.; Del Rosario, Teri S. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)The overall purpose of the study was to investigate the intentions of Filipino politicians to participate in politics, guided by Leek Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. The study employed qualitative methodology involving a total of 10 interviews with political candidates from the province of Aklan. Participants were recruited using criterion sampling. Results showed that attitude towards political participation, perceived pressure from the public, political parties, and family members, belief in one’s capacity to pursue political activities, and past experience largely influence the intentions of politicians to engage in politics; and their intentions, in turn, were translated into actual political participation. Past experience and belief in one’s capacity to pursue political activities were found to directly influence political engagement, and all identified factors were also found to be associated with one another. The relationships of all the constructs were consistent with our modified model of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Overall, the study offered support to the use of qualitative methodology in utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical framework. The study also provided evidence that past experience could be included in the model of the Theory of Planned Behavior.Item A comparative study on the implementation of social amelioration program under Bayanihan 1 and 2 in Iloilo City and Davao City, PhilippinesAyag, Edgar Maverick C., II; Basilan, Glyngie Erika S. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2022-06)To address the economic problems posed by the pandemic, the Philippine government institutionalized two Bayanihan laws to issue cash assistance to the affected families through the Social Amelioration Program (SAP). This study outlined the similarities and differences in the SAP implementation under Bayanihan 1 and 2 of Iloilo City and Davao City through a descriptive research design, particularly their beneficiary selection and accountability efforts. The results of this study suggest divergences in the actors involved and their roles in the implementation, the approaches and behaviors of the city mayors, and the numerous changes in the guidelines set by the national government caused such similarities and differences. Inadequate budget forwarded by the national government produced gaps in personnel complement to cover beneficiary selection and accountability efforts, which were filled up by local government resources. The results of the study are consistent with the claim of the Institutionalist Theory of Public Policy that the actors involved in the institutions, as well as their roles and arrangements, dictate the outcomes of policies. In addition, they are also consistent with the claim of the Rational Choice Theory that actors in the policy arena try to maximize their utility to achieve their goals.Item Economic analysis and adaptation measures of small-scale aquaculture in Roxas City, CapizBaes, Marla May A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)This research was conducted to find out the contribution of the aquaculture industry to the city and to the small-scale farmers of Roxas City. It also determined the socio-economic impacts brought by the hydrometeorological events and identified the adaptation measures employed by the local government and the aquaculture operators. This study used cost and returns analysis, market based approaches and OLS regression to analyze the data gathered from the 187 small-scale milkfish, mussel, and oyster farmers in Roxas City. The findings showed that the aquaculture industry significantly contributed to revenue, employment, production and profit. However, the industry was affected by hydrometeorological events which brought about significant damage cost. Most of the aquaculture operators employed various adaptation strategies to cope with these hydrometeorological occurences. Some of them, however, did not find it necessary to adapt because either they do not have enough money to finance adaptation strategies or they perceive that the impacts are not that significant. This study recommends that the government should provide other alternative climate-resilient livelihoods to the small- scale operators. It should also employ sustainable adaptation measures aside from providing trainings and seminars about aquaculture operation such as by integrating climate change adaptation techniques to aquaculture farming.