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Undergraduate Research Paper

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28

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    Profile of juvenile delinquents in the Regional Rehabilitation Center for the Youth RRCY (Region VI) in Guimaras
    Calizo, Brian M.; Ocbeña, Ramir B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-03-22)
    This study aimed to determine the profile of juvenile delinquents in RRCY VI in Guimaras. Respondents of the study were delinquents who were admitted in the rehabilitation center from November 15, 1998 to February 10, 2001. Interview schedules and questionnaires were the primary tools for gathering data. There were two sets of questionnaires using a five-point scale. The first set measured respondents’ perception towards delinquency and second set measured their personal conviction to change. Two-tailed tests and Pearson Correlation were used to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, respectively. Standard Deviation was used to determine respondents’ levels of perception towards delinquency and personal conviction to change. Results of the study showed that respondents have an average negative perception towards delinquency and an average conviction to change. It was also found out that most of them are 14 to 17 years old, middle-born child who have low educational attainment, grave criminal offense/s. Further, most of them came from big families, and at the same time intact. Lastly, most of them have parents whose occupations do not require any schooling or training to qualify.
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    Economic and living conditions of migrant households in Baybay Norte, Miagao, Iloilo
    Calizo, Renz Marion J.; Ydulzura, Nona Jean C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2024-07)
    This study aims to determine the economic and living conditions of the migrant community in Baybay Norte, Miagao, Iloilo. The total number of respondents in the household survey is 101. Decile dispersion ratio, Gini coefficient, and logistic regression were utilized to identify the determinants of poverty and the level of inequality among migrant households. Results indicated that 21.8% of the migrant households fall below the poverty line. The poorest 10% accounts for 3.7% of the total income compared to the 10% richest, which accounts for 36.1%. A Gini index of 0.40 also reveals the high level of inequality among them. The logistic regression results reveal that the percentage of earners in the household, formal education of household head, level of expenditure per capita, engagement in formal employment, and electricity consumption are the significant variables that determine the likelihood of the migrant households being poor. The findings of the study have significant implications for the development of interventions and policies aimed at improving the living conditions of migrant households experiencing poverty.
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    How do the poor live? An analysis of the lived experiences of women engaging in microfinance
    Cahilig, Joniel H. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    Poverty is a universal phenomenon that is well-researched but most of these researches focused on its economic perspective. This research was designed to fulfill the need to study poverty, particularly poor women engaging in microfinance. It tried to examine the psychological aspect of poverty by using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as the theoretical framework. Data were gathered from six respondents through in-depth interviews and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes emerged from the interviews which explained the lived experiences of the poor women while engaging in microfinance. The first theme talked about the different struggles they went through, like having insufficient daily budgets. The second theme included positive experiences which was mainly caused by their interpersonal relationships. The last theme revolved around their experiences, their perceptions and attitude involving microfinance. Findings showed that interpersonal relationships played a main part on the lived experiences of poor women. It was also found that microfinance have negative psychological effects on its beneficiaries. The women became too dependent to microfinance that it became part of their lifestyle. Also, there is an issue of responsibility such that the beneficiaries does not take the microfinance seriously when it comes to paying back loans.
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    The effects of government agencies and industry-initiated interventions in the loomweaving industry in Miagao, Iloilo 1995-2000
    Cabrera, Genebeth A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-03)
    The study aims to determine the effects of the government agencies/industry-initiated interventions to the loom weaving firms/industry in Maig-ao, Iloilo: 1995-2000. In-depth interviews with the respondents was done based on the five areas of business development: organization/management, managerial, techno-production, marketing and financial, to determine the effect of the government agencies/industry-initiated interventions to the loom weaving firms/industry. Several activities were conducted to the loom weaving firms/industry based on their needs as determined in the Training Need Assessment Seminar/Workshop conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry and other assisting agencies. Firms successfully learned from the training/seminars and consultancies conducted to them; however, applications were limited because of the lack of resources. The absorptive capacity of the firm owners/weavers was also a problem that is why their learning from the training/seminar and consultancies showed limited applications. There exist the Katilingban sang Manughabol sa Iloilo of which some firms were members, but industry-initiated interventions were limited. Financial assistance from the private entities through the association was availed by the firms. Increased in sales, income, employment and investment was gained by the firms/industry as shown in the records and reports made by the agencies assisting them for the last five years (1995-2000).
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    Responses to the sugar industry crisis: The case of Negros Occidental
    Cabanting, Crispy A. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-03)
    This paper analyzes the responses to the collapse of the sugar industry of the local government, non-government organizations, sugar worker households, the sugar industry particularly the haciendas, and other industries. It shows that the local government and the non-government organizations have provided long-term assistance towards the recovery of the province. On the other hand, the sugar industry (haciendas), other industries and households have diversified and specialized, looked into other sources of income and ventured into other kinds of production. The paper also determines the socioeconomic status of the residents of the province of Negros Occidental before, during, and after the crisis. Since 1988, the levels of malnutrition, unemployment and estimated vital rates in the province of Negros Occidental have slowly approached manageable levels partly because of various intervention programs by local government and non-government organizations.
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    Vulnerability to natural hazards of households in the coastal Barangays of New Washington, Aklan
    Bulacan, Nirvana Dominique F.; Carillo, Shelica Cheyene T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-06)
    Natural phenomena such as typhoon, flood, storm surge, sea level rise and coastal erosion are some of the natural hazards that affect the world especially the coastal inhabitants. In line with this, coastal inhabitants are considered the most vulnerable to natural hazards. This study explores the vulnerability and socio-economic factors affecting it. This study aims to determine the extent of vulnerability to natural hazards of households in coastal barangays of New Washington, Aklan. Vulnerability Index (VI) was used to measure vulnerability in terms of natural hazard exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. While, Vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) was used to determine socioeconomic factors that may affect vulnerability. The VI results to low vulnerability of households. Whereas, VEP determined some socio-economic factors that statistically affect vulnerability in terms of per capita consumption expenditure such as highest educational attainment and employment in agriculture or industry of the household head, land ownership, number of family members and income per capita.
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    Problems in granting land title to Sulod Bukidnon: A case of Brgy. Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo
    Brillo, Encel Joy F.; Verano, Renold M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-04)
    This is a descriptive study at the same time exploratory in nature of the Sulod- Bukidnon’s claim of their ancestral domain title. Mainly, the researchers put emphasis on the mandate of the NCIP (National Commission on Indigenous Peoples) for the implementation of the IPRA including the requirements and processes for the granting of CADT (Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title); the Sulod- Bukidnons basis of ancestral domain claim, awareness of IPRA and NCIP, and Customary law with regards to land ownership; the factors that hinder the NCIP operations for the granting of Sulod- Bukidnon’s ancestral claim; and the accomplishments of NCIP and the Sulod- Bukidnon to date in the pursuit of their respective interest. It was found out in the study that any persons/community who are classified by the NCIP (based on genealogical survey), as indigenous could apply for CADT. The CADT recognizes the rights, possession and ownership of Indigenous Peoples (IPs) over their ancestral domains. According to RA 8371, IPRA, respect the indigenous concept of particular ownership of such land. The law also recognizes that the IP’s ancestral domain is a community property that belongs to all generations. NCIP on the other hand was created as the primary agency for the implementation of policies, plans, and programs to promote the rights and well being of the IPs. This two (IPRA and NCIP) actually are the support systems of the IPs on their claim to their ancestral domain title. It was also found out in the study that the indigenous people in the periphery have different notion/lack of idea regarding IPRA and NCIP, compared to the people in the center or near in the barangay proper, who are more aware of what the law and the commission was all about. The latter kind of people composed mainly of tribal leaders, who undergo a series of seminars conducted by NCIP. The IPs are the one who identify the areas covered by their ancestral domain. Basically, long- time occupancy and cultivation of land are the main condition for the ownership of the land. The NCIP on the other hand only facilitates the granting of land title to the IPs. There were several factors identified in these study that affected the granting of land title to the Sulod- Bukidnon. Mainly, conflict of interest between IPs and the other government agencies/institution, specifically, West Visayas State University- College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF), IPs lack of awareness about the law and the commission, and other personal interest.
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    Value chain analysis of Lampirong (Placuna placenta) in Oton, Iloilo
    Bito-on, Edrian T.; Haro, Errielle Nicole M. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)
    Lampirong (Placuna placenta) is a highly valued bivalve in the Philippines due to its economic value. It was once abundant in Oton and was overexploited, leading to its stock depletion. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center’s (SEAFDEC) efforts to enhance the stock in Oton resulted in the resurgence of lampirong stock and industry. The lack of transparency in the lampirong industry and studies on the linkages between the actors in the lampirong business have gotten little to no attention following the resurgence of lampirong and the recovery of the shell craft industry after the depletion. A Value Chain Analysis (VCA) was conducted to evaluate the overall performance of the local lampirong industry following the stock enhancement. Using an interview schedule, the researchers gathered primary data from a total of 20 study participants. They were interviewed in the month of May and were grouped according to the tasks they carried out. The biggest player of the chain turned out to be the Institutional Buyers as they are the bulk buyers and sellers of lampirong in the market. The industry resembles a competitive market as the majority of participants were price takers and the products are homogenous. As the lampirong transforms from raw to processed forms, its net added value increases as it goes through the various actors. Lampirong processing incurred the highest cost but also generated the highest value-added. Diving lampirong was performed by men while processing and trading were dominated by women.
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    Issues of multi-actor collaboration in the fisheries sector: Localization of post-Yolanda rehabilitation frameworks in Roxas City, Capiz
    Bisan, Flora May D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2015-05)
    As a calamity without peer, typhoon Yolanda can be perceived as an event that brought about a challenging political landscape for Northern Panay communities. The extent of the damage incurred from the typhoon in 2013 stimulated large-scale rehabilitation activities from multiple actors which entailed two things: first is the evolution of the functions of government agencies for the fisheries sector and second is the introduction of non-government actors in the playing field. Local Government Units and civil society organizations are important political institutions because of their direct contact with the community making them the immediate responders during emergencies. However, Yolanda tends to unmake these political institutions as they face challenges with resources and program skills in fulfilling their mandates for rehabilitation. Using available secondary data, key informant interviews and focus group discussion, the study examines how the post — Yolanda Rehabilitation Frameworks are localized by these actors in carrying out their rehabilitation programs to restore the livelihoods of the affected individuals in the fisheries sector in Roxas City, Capiz. The study analyzes localization by examining the changes in the roles of government agencies on the fisheries sector and by looking into the extent of collaboration of multiple actors involved in rehabilitation through an integrated theoretical framework based on the Structural - Functional Theory by Talcott Parsons (1961) and the Levels of Community Linkage Model developed by Teresa Hogue (1993). This study provides a picture on how rehabilitation after Yolanda is presently being carried out by both the government and non-government actors which has critical implications for the recovery of client fishers.
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    Factors affecting the political mobilization of the Lambunao Sulod-Bukidnons in relation to their ancestral land claim
    Betita, Ma. Antonette Rose S.; Gaudiel, Kristine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    The respondents of the study are the Sulod-Bukidnons (Bukidnons) of Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo. Their land had been included under the reservation area of the West Visayas State University - College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF) by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 429. Thus, their aim is to regain the land that belonged to them. The study sought to determine the following objectives: (1) the basis of land claims by the Bukidnons, (2) the forms of political mobilization conducted over their land claims (3) the factors that affect it, and (4) the role of the outside sectors in asserting their land claims. The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature which employed structured interview to gather data from 91 Bukidnon respondents aged 18 years old and above. Key Informant Interviews with the President and Vice-President of Bukidnon United Tribe Association (BUTA) and direct observation were also used. Chi-square (with 0.05 level of significance) was used as a statistical tool to determine the relationship of the variables. The results of the study showed that ancestral domain/inheritance was the basis of the Bukidnons in claiming their lands. The Bukidnons have utilized three forms of conventional and non-violent political mobilization: negotiations, petitions and assemblies. Age is one factor that affected Bukidnons to participate in negotiations. The study showed that Bukidnons above 60 did not participate in the negotiation. Higher educational attainment is also a factor that engaged them in negotiation. The lack of awareness of the size of the land involved in the conflict made the Bukidnons not participative. Also, the minimal importance given by the Bukidnons to their land in terms of housing and self-determination made them not participate in the negotiation. In the filing of petitions as another form of mobilization, only the awareness on the negotiation of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) was seen as a factor for the Bukidnons to engage in such mobilization. The reason for this was that they saw the fling of petitions as a way to hasten up the granting of Ancestral Domain Title (ADT). Assembly was another mobilization where most members had participated. Membership in BUTA was seen as a factor in joining the assembly. Attendance in assemblies showed sense of membership and support to the cause of their association. The presence of help from outside sectors and the help from both members and leaders of BUTA likewise encouraged Bukidnons to be participative in assemblies. PANLIPI Legal Assistance Center, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and Philippine Association for Intercultural Development played a major role in helping the cause of the Bukidnons. They had provided legal and technical assistance to the IPs. Lastly, the awareness on the petition filed and their assertion over their land claims made the Bukidnons to mobilize. The findings showed that the Bukidnons have long been working for the granting of their ancestral domain title. They perceived that once their ADT has been granted to them, the issue with WVSU will also be resolved. They do not oppose the presence of the university in the barangay; most of them simply ask to redefine the land and regain the area that belonged to them. At the end of the study, the researchers recommend further academic studies on the political mobilization of the Bukidnons. A policy recommendation is advised that BUTA members should take active role on the issue. Information dissemination and inculcation of IPs’ rights can be decisive factors to increase participation in mobilization. NCIP should give uttermost importance to the granting of the land of IPs and be more responsive to the needs and grievances of the IPs.