Undergraduate Research Paper
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28
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Item Spatio-temporal analysis of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental from 2012-2018Asorio, Leslie S.; Clarito, Thea Joy A.; Dolorosa, Rex Victor V.; Meracap, Mitzi N.; Napulan, Andrea Marie N.; Recabar, James Matthew V.; Rodriguez, Sael D.; Velasco, Princess Monic Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)Rabies is particularly dangerous and deadly disease that infects domestic and wild animals and is transmissible to humans. The province of Negros Occidental has been experiencing an uneasy situation on both human and animal rabies in recent years. It posted a rising trend on the number of human deaths due to rabies infection from 2012 to 2018, and has ranked number one among the provinces in Western Visayas with the highest number of positive animal rabies cases in 2017 to 2018. Animal rabies, particularly of canine and feline type, is considered to be a serious threat to public health thus all prevention and control efforts in order to reduce the cases of human rabies are stemming from the identification of high-risk barangays based on the occurrence of canine or feline rabies cases. In this research, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed to determine the high-risk municipalities and temporal pattern of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental from 2012 to 2018. Spatial analysis identified the major cities such as Bacolod City and Bago City and their surrounding municipalities to be of high risk to animal rabies. The epicenter of cases is slowly shifting towards the central part of the province in subsequent years. Twenty-six (26) space-time clusters of animal rabies cases in Negros Occidental were found to have “intensifying”, “consecutive”, “oscillating”, and “sporadic” time trends. Two clusters classified as “new” hotspots were identified in the central part of the province.Item Survey of pathogenic bacteria in bottom sediments of Iloilo River: An assessment of water sanitary qualityAraneta, Karla Teresa S.; Bugayong, Adrienne Marrie S.; Cabanilla, Jennifer C.; Caro, Mary Ann Gina C.; Gayatgay, Christian Era U.; Nufuar, Ernest Jan T.; Rufino Krystal Hope S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)This study assessed the water sanitary quality of the Iloilo River by determining the monthly heterotophic plate count (HPC), total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and fecal streptococcus (FS) counts of the bottom sediments in five sampling sites from October 2008 to February 2009. These parameters were then correlated with the physico-chemical parameters that were additionally obtained from the river water. The presence of Salmonella spp, E. coli. Vibrio spp, and fecal Streptococcus were also determined as indicators of the pathogenic bacteria in the bottom sediments of the Iloilo River. Using the FC:FS ratio, the study further distinguished fecal contamination sources from each site as human, animal, or mixed in origin. An assessment of sediment quality was done using DENR standards for TC and Kohl and Albinger's sediment quality criteria for HPC and FC. Sediment samples were taken from the following sampling sites along the Iloilo River: 1) Forbes. 2) Dungon, 3) IBRD, 4) Carpenter's, and 5) So-oc. No significant difference in any of the physico-chemical or microbiological parameters were found among sampling stations. However, analysis and comparison of the microbiological parameters of bottom sediments in terms of months showed significant temporal variability HPC, TC, and FC alternately decrease and increase every month while FS showed a generally increasing trend. The following correlations between the microbiological and physico-chemical parameters were found. 1) temperature with HPC and FS , 2) salinity with FS count, and 3) dissolved oxygen concentration with TC and FC Counts. The mean percentage of bottom sediment samples with Salmonella ranged from 3% to 10% while more than half of samples from all sampling sites showed the presence of Vibrio spp. and S. faecalis. Samples with E.coli from all sites ranged from 3 to 14%. Fecal contamination sources varied across sampling sites. So-oc show ed mostly animal sources as its orgin of fecal contamination, while other sites had either animal, human or mixed sources. S. faecalis and E. coli exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance, a grow ing health concent in many of today's rivers. All isolates were susceptible to Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin but resistant to Penicillin. Based on HPC and FC values the degree of loading with easily decomposable organic substance and feces among the sampling sites ranges from very little to little. TC count of the sediment samples from all the sites does not exceed the limit of 5000 CFU/ 100ml set by the DENR. Results suggest that sediments were not a significant reservoir of bacterial pollution at the time this study was conducted.Item Assessment of the performance of school-based multi-purpose teen centers in the first district of Iloilo ProvinceAlba, Nina Charlyn B.; Anasario, Jc Belle T.; Bautista, Seth Exequiel E.; Caliso, Femmy Rose E.; Catalan, Gabrielle A.; Espanol, Yzabel H.; Gonzaga, Royce Clea Maristel A.; Ilogon, Kent Paolo A.; Leoncio, Mabelle K.; Toledo, Mike T.; Vicencio, Geeza Gem S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)Teenage pregnancy, HIV and AIDS, and mental health problems are increasingly alarming among adolescents in the Philippines. Thus, Adolescent Heath Development Programs (AHDP) were initiated in the country along with this is the institution of teen centers for the personality enrichment and skills improvement among teens focused chiefly on sexuality and health. Aside from the criterion used for the MODEL ILOILO TEENiran by the Iloilo PPO, no other guidelines exist to evaluate a teen center in the Philippines. This study aimed to evaluate the functionality of the teen centers present in the first district of Iloilo. A descriptive study design was used with study locales at schools within the first district wherein the teen centers are located and is within the inclusion criteria. Evaluation was done by the researchers’ using pre-tested evaluation tool and through a survey given to randomly selected teens. Frequency and proportion, Principal Component Analysis, and Hierarchical Clustering Methods were used for statistical analysis. The Teen Centers had an overall rating of above average with a mean score of 4.10±0.31. Tills also reflects that the four different components of the teen centers are also above average. Three clusters based from the views of the respondents were identified namely Enthusiastic consisting of 50.5% of the respondents, Gregarious having 31.9% and Apathetic comprising 17.5% of the teens surveyed. From the respondents, 60.5% were satisfied while 39.5% were not satisfied. As a conclusion, the teen centers have been effective in implementing its goals and objectives based on the evaluation of the researchers’ and feedbacks of the teen clients. Despite these outstanding results, it is still recommended that the teen centers further improve their overall performance to fully reach the goals of a teen center and to give the teens the utmost experience and learnings of the programs.Item Waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index and hypertension among adult in the San Rafael Catchment Area in Miagao, IloiloAlfabeto, Ace Robert; Anglopez, Mae Therese; Arzaga, Rhodora; Jocsing, Christy Joy; Sandoy, Rovi Floresa; Tan, Louie Lito (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)A cross sectional study was conducted among 169 randomly selected adults of selected barangays served by the San Rafael Health Center in Miagao, Iloilo. The study determined the relationship of anthropometric measures Body Mass Index and Waist to Hip Ratio with hypertension. Several biological and socio-demographic variables including age, physical activity, family history, family income, smoking and alcohol consumption were studied to determine their possible association with hypertension. These were analyzed with binary logistic regression for their possible association with hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in the San Rafael Catchment Area was found to be 47.3%. This value is greater than the 22% national prevalence obtained in the 6th National Nutrition Survey of Filipino adults in 2003-2004. A higher prevalence of hypertension was found to be higher among males (51.4%) than in females (44.2%). the prevalence of hypertension obtained using BMI as an indicator of overweight and obese individuals was 51.2%. On the other hand, the prevalence of hypertension using WHR as a measure of android obesity was found to be lower (45.6%). Based on analysis with binary logistic regression, none of the confounding factors (sex, age, family history, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption) was significantly associated with hypertension. Body Mass Index was used in the study to identify those who were overweight and obese and Waist to Hip ratio to identify those who had android obesity. Based on body mass index, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be 15.38%. The prevalence of android obesity based on Waist to Hip Ratio was found to be 40.24%. Body Mass Index was positively correlated to SBP but not to DBP based on analysis by linear regression. However, low R squared values show that BMI is a poor indicator for hypertension. Likewise, WHR was positively correlated to both SBP and DBP by linear regression, but was also found to be a poor indicator of hypertension. The results obtained recommend further study in the San Rafael Catchment area. The prevalence of hypertension and android obesity are found to be much higher than national statistics. However, no significant relationship between the anthropometric measurements and hypertension could be drawn from the present study.Item Time series forecasting model of dengue incidence in the Province of Iloilo with meteorological factors as external regressorsAcebuque, Jason Clement S.; Cuachon, Anna Nicole O.; Deala, Carl Laurence L.; Esmenos, Arian Claudine F.; Galupo, Bealou Patrishe D.; Jubelag, Carmelli S.; Legayada, Precious Jemimah D.; Namuag, Maulene Mae J.; Palmon, Gladys A.; Salvador, June Luis C.; Sampani, Gian Justin P.; Tolentino, Jimel V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)The province of Iloilo posted the highest increase of dengue cases in the Western Visayas region in 2016, despite the noted 2.2% decrease of clinically confirmed cases nationwide. The province has placed adequate attention on technical elements, specifically on the outbreak preparedness, yet it is important to give additional efforts to strengthen the surveillance and information system in the province. A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with external regressor (SARIMAX) model was formulated to forecast the future monthly number of dengue cases in Iloilo province using the meteorological parameters as the explanatory variables. It was found that only the rainfall variable significantly affects the number of dengue cases in Iloilo province, hence, the only variable included in the SARIMAX model as the external regressor. The final forecasting model SARIMAX(3,l,l)(l,0,0)12 is capable of representing the number of dengue cases in subsequent months with relative accuracy. The forecasts of dengue incidence from the final model are imperative for assessing future healthcare and public health programs in the province of Iloilo.Item Impact analysis of municipal leadership and governance program (MILGP) among municipalities in the province of IloiloArancillo, Ulah Lynn F.; Barcelona, Joser John T.; Cabalo, Jori May G.; Cansancio, Marienne Fay T.; Castillo, Marianne Hillary O.; Nufuar, Isa Adelie S.; Palanog, Riananess Q.; Pido, Theo Joseph D.; Repospolo, Melvie Dale P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)The Zuellig Family Foundation (ZFF) and Department of Health initiated the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP), a two-cycle program that aims to guide the Filipinos in achieving health equity and resilience through mentoring and training teams led by local health leaders to improve the six building blocks of health. It also aims to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals through ensuring that municipal health systems be responsive, equitable, and sustainable. This research aims to assess the municipality performance and health outcomes to measure the success of the MLGP intervention. Secondary data representing health outcomes from MLGP and non-MLGP municipalities and consolidated roadmaps were gathered and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Among the health indicators that were used to evaluate the program under Cycle 1, SBA and FIC showed a statistical significance while the remaining indicators, MMR, IMR, CPR, and FBD did not. All six health outcomes for Cycle 2 municipalities did not show any statistical significance from 2015-2018. Statistically significant improvements were observed on Health Human Resource on Modules 2 and 3, and all the modules in Leadership and Governance of the MLGP Cycle 2 while the other five building blocks did not show statistical significance. Changes in the health outcomes under MLGP Cycle 2 and non-MLGP municipalities showed that they have improved in terms SBA and FBD only. Although significant relationships were found between municipality performance and the health outcome indicators, it must be noted that there are confounding factors not accounted which may have interfered with the results and findings of this study.Item Documentation of food handling practices in relation to health conditions of children aging 0 to 6 years old in Barangay Lanag Sur, Tubungan, IloiloArcolas, Kezia Lois; Belleza, Noel Francis; De Leon, Mary Antonette; Lebin, Ma. Angeli; Nisorrada, Jea Rochelle; Silva, Alyssa Joy; Rafols, Sofia Aprille Grace (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2012-04)Improper home food handling preparation and consumption practices by consumers, inadequate hygiene practices, consumption of raw and unsafe food, as well as cross contamination by raw food are some factors and practices that have been implicated in food borne outbreaks in the home (Taulo et al., 2006). A survey was conducted to 27 households with children aged 0-6 years old from Barangay Lanag Sur, Tubungan, Iloilo. Of the 27 respondents, majority belong to the 30- 39(46.15%) age group, are housewives(65.38%) who were also in charge of preparing the food(53.8%), with monthly income ranging from 0-4999 pesos(57.69%). Among the respondents, six of them were randomly taken for sources of food sample which was tested for physical and microbial examination. Based on the survey, food preparation practices of households in the barangay is composed of washing, cutting, rewashing, boiling to cook/sterilize (for infant formulas), and cooling to room temperature. Majority of the respondents consume right kind of foods essential for nutritional use and use untreated spring water for its preparation. Food samples taken have pH values ranging from 6.15 to 6.975. The test for coliform indicated that two out of six households were positive for presence of coliform. Among the common illnesses of children recorded, 96% have had a history of acute respiratory infections and 84% have had episodes of gastrointestinal illness. Food handling practice in the community is simple and not capable of eliminating pathogenic substances like coliform bacteria totally.