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Undergraduate Research Paper

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28

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Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Science in EconomicsSDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 15 - Life on land

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    Trade-off between agricultural emissions and rice production of select Southeast Asian countries: an empirical analysis using the EKC hypothesis
    Bantugan, Julia Murielle A.; Maravilla, Giuseppe Cee S. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2023-06)
    Southeast Asia has made remarkable progress in intensifying its rice production, which increased the region’s greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This study examines the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis and the effects of rice production on GHG emissions in the six major rice-producing Southeast Asian countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam for the period 1970 to 2020 using secondary, annual time-series data from Our World in Data and FAOSTAT. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Mann-Kendall Test, Dickey- Fuller and Phillips-Perron Unit Root Tests, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test, and the Johansen Cointegration Test. An unrestricted error correction model (UECM) and Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) were then estimated. Diagnostic tests were also employed, and the turning points for EKC-conforming countries were calculated. The results confirmed the EKC hypothesis for Indonesia (carbon dioxide emissions) and the Philippines (both carbon dioxide and methane emissions). The Philippines had long achieved the turning point, while Indonesia had not. Rice production had a directly-proportional relationship with GHG emissions as it increased carbon dioxide emissions and decreased methane emissions for Indonesia. It decreased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced in the atmosphere for Indonesia and the Philippines and methane emissions for the Philippines and Thailand. In contrast, rice production increased the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in Thailand and methane emissions in Indonesia.
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    Implementation of marine-protected area in San Jose, Antique: A social analysis
    Azucena, Jessa Veeh B.; Moreno, Rosano Carlo P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)
    This study was designed to evaluate the marine protected area (MPA) implementation in San Jose, Antique using socio-economic and governance indicators. Data were gathered through personal interview of fishers using an interview schedule and focus group discussion (FGD) with selected participants from the municipal government and barangays. A total of 125 fishers were chosen from the four barangays affected by the MPA, namely: Brgy. 3, Brgy. 4, Brgy. Madrangca and Brgy. Funda Dalipe through systematic random sampling. The results showed that the presence of the MPA have not made a significant change in the income of the fishers. Fishers believed that fish abundance and fish catch is relatively higher in 2003 compared to the present. Marine resources are highly valuable to the fishers since it is their source of income (64%) and food (33%). They also believed that the resources are already depleted (51%) due to uncontrolled fishing (28%). In addition, the management plan was not followed. There was no specific budget intended for MPA. There was a low degree of participation and stakeholder empowerment. Also, it was observed that though most (91%) of the fishers were aware of the MPA, there was less involvement in MPA activities, particularly of the fishers from Brgy Madrangca, Brgy 3, and Brgy. 4. To improve the MPA management in the area, there should be provision of income diversification program in the coastal barangays, proper information dissemination, a specific budget intended for the MPA and involvement of all the affected barangays.
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    Factors affecting fertility choice among married couples in Oton, Iloilo
    Autentico, Sheila M.; Cagalagawan, Aiza Maris G. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2008-03)
    The study identified the different factors affecting fertility choice of married couples in Oton, Iloilo. There were 100 participants from the three barangays in Oton. Iloilo namely: Trapiche, Poblacion South, and Buray. The dependent variable is measured by the actual number of living children the married couples have. The independent variables were classified into four categories: economic factors, biological factors, psychological factors, and geographical factors. The multivariate analysis revealed that the significant variables found to significantly affect the decision on the number of children by married couples (at 5% level of significance) are gross monthly income of the household, years of formal education of the wife, age of wife at first marriage, ideal number of children by the couple and perception of children to be of help in old age. However, the R-squared value of 30.78 indicates that there are still some factors that were not included in the model. Nevertheless, the significant variables had the expected signs.
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    Willingness-to-pay for the conservation of Mararison Island and its surrounding waters in Culasi, Antique
    Aguirre, Angelluz C.; Jauod, Ferly Mae P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    The island of Mararison in the municipality of Culasi, Antique Province is rich in natural resources and its beautiful scenic view has been attracting tourists. Overtime, the number of tourists has increased, making the island and its surrounding waters vulnerable to degradation. Protection and conservation of the island and its surrounding waters will promote its sustainability. This study was conducted to determine the willingness-to-pay (WTP) of the local residents of the municipality of Culasi for the conservation of Mararison Island and its surrounding waters. The study also described the socio-demographic and economic characteristics, level of awareness, knowledge and attitude towards the conservation and the reasons for the willingness to pay of the residents for the conservation of the island and its surrounding waters. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to determine the study participants’ WTPs. Binary logit regression was conducted to identify the factors affecting the study participants’ WTP. A pilot-tested interview schedule was used to collect data from 300 randomly selected study participants in 10 barangays in the municipality of Culasi in January to April 2016. The results showed that 86 percent of the study participants were willing to pay (with adjustment to certainty) for the conservation program. Without adjustment to the level of certainty, the annual household income, the randomly assigned bid prices, and knowledge index were the variables that affect the willingness-to-pay of the study participants. With adjustment to the level of certainty, the age, educational attainment (elementary and high school), knowledge index and randomly assigned bid prices were the variables that affect the willingness-to-pay of the study participants. The annual mean WTP of the study participants with and without adjustment to the level of certainty were Pl66 and Pl40, respectively. This study can be used by the municipality of Culasi as basis in planning for the conservation program of the Mararison Island and its surrounding waters.
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    Willingness-to-pay for the conservation of Bucari Pine Forest in Leon, Iloilo
    Anaquita, Argena Hera E.; Santos, Jose Maria D. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-06)
    The Bucari Pine Forest has provided the municipality of Leon in Iloilo Province with both economic and environmental benefits. However, due to development plans, the Bucari Pine Forest has become vulnerable to degradation. This study estimated the willingness-to-pay of the residents of Leon, Iloilo for the conservation of the Bucari Pine Forest using the Contingent Valuation Method. The study participants were 320 local residents from eight (4 upland, 4 lowland) barangays of Leon, Iloilo. The final data collection was conducted in January 2016 to March 2016. Seventy-five percent of the study participants were willing to pay for the conservation of Bucari Pine Forest. The calculated mean WTP of the study participants with adjustment to the level of certainty was P3 3 5.00 per year or P27.92 per month. The factor that significantly affected the willingness-to-pay of the study participants was the bid price. This means that the higher the bid price, the less likely the study participant was willing to pay for the conservation of the Bucari Pine Forest. The information in this study can be used by local policy makers in drafting conservation policies and provide awareness on the importance of the conservation of the Bucari Pine Forest.