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Undergraduate Research Paper

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28

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Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Science in BiologySDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 6 - Clean water and sanitation

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    Antibiotic resistance patterns of selected pathogenic bacteria isolated from water and bottom sediments in the Iloilo tidal inlet (Iloilo River)
    Agustin, Eda Mae S.; Cabrias, Ligaya April May S.; Fuentebella, Elaine Joyce V.; Gestuveo, Rommel J.; Lagon, Raymond Anthonn Kriztee J.; Saldajeno, Cypruz Anne L.; Tunguia, Saer Martin J.; Villanueva, Regene Patricia Natividad V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-03)
    In recent years, antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has become a public health concern. Although little is known of its environmental implications the presence of both potentially pathogenic bacteria and fecal coliform in rivers and other bodies of water raises the question of whether resistance transfer may actually occur in bodies of water. In relation, the Iloilo River for one has experienced changes in both ecological and sanitary conditions. With this threatening problem of both ecological and fecal pollution, the river could harbor microflora that could be of public health concern. Using the Kirby-Bauer Method, this study generally aims to determine the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolates (E. coli, S. typhi and V. cholerae) from water and bottom sediment samples from selected sampling areas in Iloilo River, Iloilo City. Stock cultures of bacterial isolates were obtained from the UPV-National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (UPV-NIMBB) and were subjected to antibiotic resistance analysis using 12 different antibiotic classes. Results showed varying degrees of resistance in all of the sampling sites and species. Most isolates were highly resistant to penicillin and oxacillin and least resistant to ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistant isolates were also observed in all of the sampling sites and species. More isolates from bottom sediments were observed to be highly resistant than the isolates from water samples. Pearson correlation revealed that the antibiotic resistance patterns among the different species isolated from the different sources and sampling sites appeared to vary in a systematic manner indicative of a similar mechanism of antibiotic resistance development.
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    Identification and antibiotic resistance of enterococcus (Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz 1984) species isolated from Iloilo river
    Ansino, Jan Reygine G. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2014-04)
    The presence of Enterococci species in the water has long been regarded as an indicator of fecal contamination. With the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance globally, infections caused by enterococcal species became difficult to treat. The study determined the species distributions and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Enterococcus species isolated from water and sediment samples in the Iloilo River. Susceptibility of the isolates was tested against ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, erythromycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Among the 115 fecal coliform samples, a total of 61 (53%) isolates were confirmed to belong to the genus Enterococcus. Of these, 40% were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, followed by Enterococcus faecium 33% and Enterococcus avium (4%). Isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (51%), erythromycin (18%), and doxycycline (13%) and a high level susceptibility to ampicillin (100%), chloramphenicol (93%), and penicillin (90%). Multiple antibiotic resistance patterns revealed resistance to at least four antibiotics. Six (12%) vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) were detected. The results revealed low level of antibiotic resistance in the river. However, the presence of these fecal contaminants in the river can still pose a potential risk to the human health and the of spread of antibiotic resistance genes, indicating the great importance of improving risk management practices in the river.