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Undergraduate Research Paper

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28

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    Factors affecting the political mobilization of the Lambunao Sulod-Bukidnons in relation to their ancestral land claim
    Betita, Ma. Antonette Rose S.; Gaudiel, Kristine T. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    The respondents of the study are the Sulod-Bukidnons (Bukidnons) of Jayobo, Lambunao, Iloilo. Their land had been included under the reservation area of the West Visayas State University - College of Agriculture and Forestry (WVSU-CAF) by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 429. Thus, their aim is to regain the land that belonged to them. The study sought to determine the following objectives: (1) the basis of land claims by the Bukidnons, (2) the forms of political mobilization conducted over their land claims (3) the factors that affect it, and (4) the role of the outside sectors in asserting their land claims. The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature which employed structured interview to gather data from 91 Bukidnon respondents aged 18 years old and above. Key Informant Interviews with the President and Vice-President of Bukidnon United Tribe Association (BUTA) and direct observation were also used. Chi-square (with 0.05 level of significance) was used as a statistical tool to determine the relationship of the variables. The results of the study showed that ancestral domain/inheritance was the basis of the Bukidnons in claiming their lands. The Bukidnons have utilized three forms of conventional and non-violent political mobilization: negotiations, petitions and assemblies. Age is one factor that affected Bukidnons to participate in negotiations. The study showed that Bukidnons above 60 did not participate in the negotiation. Higher educational attainment is also a factor that engaged them in negotiation. The lack of awareness of the size of the land involved in the conflict made the Bukidnons not participative. Also, the minimal importance given by the Bukidnons to their land in terms of housing and self-determination made them not participate in the negotiation. In the filing of petitions as another form of mobilization, only the awareness on the negotiation of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) was seen as a factor for the Bukidnons to engage in such mobilization. The reason for this was that they saw the fling of petitions as a way to hasten up the granting of Ancestral Domain Title (ADT). Assembly was another mobilization where most members had participated. Membership in BUTA was seen as a factor in joining the assembly. Attendance in assemblies showed sense of membership and support to the cause of their association. The presence of help from outside sectors and the help from both members and leaders of BUTA likewise encouraged Bukidnons to be participative in assemblies. PANLIPI Legal Assistance Center, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and Philippine Association for Intercultural Development played a major role in helping the cause of the Bukidnons. They had provided legal and technical assistance to the IPs. Lastly, the awareness on the petition filed and their assertion over their land claims made the Bukidnons to mobilize. The findings showed that the Bukidnons have long been working for the granting of their ancestral domain title. They perceived that once their ADT has been granted to them, the issue with WVSU will also be resolved. They do not oppose the presence of the university in the barangay; most of them simply ask to redefine the land and regain the area that belonged to them. At the end of the study, the researchers recommend further academic studies on the political mobilization of the Bukidnons. A policy recommendation is advised that BUTA members should take active role on the issue. Information dissemination and inculcation of IPs’ rights can be decisive factors to increase participation in mobilization. NCIP should give uttermost importance to the granting of the land of IPs and be more responsive to the needs and grievances of the IPs.
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    The political elites of Tubungan, Iloilo: Their characteristics and contributions to the municipality, 1992-2001
    Beriones, Beben C.; Garbe, Adeste B. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2001-03)
    This is a descriptive study on the characteristics and contributions of the political elites of Tubungan, Iloilo to their Municipality from 1992 to 2001. It is focused on the mayors, the vice-mayors and the members of the Sangguniang Bayan. The researchers presented the characteristics and the contributions they have made for the development of their municipality. The political elites’ contributions were measured in terms of the programs, the projects and the ordinances they have made. There are three factors that helped the researchers in the discussion of the topic: (1) The political careers of the political elites, (2) the characteristics of the political elites, and (3) their contributions to the municipality of Tubungan, Iloilo. In as much as ideal and necessary, the researchers tried to gather all documents about the topic, and tried to interview all the political elites; however, it was not possible due to some constraints like some documents were already lost, and two of the political elites are already living outside the province. The findings of the study is that the political elites of Tubungan share some common characteristics such as: (1) all have landholdings, (2) all are active members of organizations in their municipality, (3) all are earning more than Pl00, 000 a year, (4) all are Roman Catholics, & (5) all are contributing to their municipality’s development. The mayors’ contributions are viewed in terms of projects and programs such as infrastructures, delivery of social services and improved agricultural productions. For the vice-mayors and the Sangguniang Bayan members, their contributions are measured in terms of the number of ordinances that they have legislated aimed at improving the lives of the people of Tubungan. Finally, the people of Tubungan viewed their contributions to be beneficial.
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    The wealthy and the well-born: How political elites affect faction formation
    Bedia, Laurice Amy C. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)
    This paper is a study on the roles of two types of political elites, the landed elites and the business elites, on the different stages of faction formation. Factions are formed because of the desire of politicians to win in elections. The stages of faction formation are the recruitment of members and the selection of candidates for elections, definition of faction activities, decision-making on local policies and ordinances and the management of resource flow for the survival of the faction. The ways the two types of elites affect faction formation differ since the resources available to them also vary. Through interviews with sixteen political elites, eight of which were landed elites and eight were business elites, the study was able to determine the ways in which political elites affect faction formation. Landed elites affect faction formation by influencing the recruitment of members and decision-making of local ordinances through their financial contributions, experience, and political support from relatives in politics and business partners. Business elites on the other hand affect faction formation through providing significant financial contributions for faction activities and recruitment of members. The diversity of the resources of landed elites enables them to have greater effect over faction formation.