Undergraduate Research Paper
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/28
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Item An analysis of fiscal decentralization: The case of Cadiz City, Negros OccidentalBaynosa, Rogelita P.; Toque, Narciso R. (Division ofSocial Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)Decentralization has been an issue in the late twentieth century. Developing countries have shifted toward more decentralized forms of government that promises to change their political life in profound ways. The Philippines has decentralized its government through the enactment of the Local Government Code of 1991. This has brought changes to the Philippine governance. The code legislated the creation of local government units such as regions, provinces, cities, and municipalities with which the central government devolved its major power and authority. In this study, an attempt is made to discuss the issues and problems of fiscal decentralization in developing countries, specifically the Philippine experience. A review of the Cadiz City experience substantiates the discussion on decentralization. Taking the case of Cadiz City as a microcosm of the Philippine experience with decentralization as a whole and that of the developing world’s in much broader scale, this study presents an analysis of the realities of fiscal decentralization, which is the core of the devolution program in the Philippines. The data gathered show that although Cadiz City government had been granted the autonomy to manage its own affairs, it remains dependent on grants and allotments from the central government instead of maximizing the fiscal powers being devolved to it, specifically, its revenue-raising power. Moreover, the data on the local government’s allocation of its financial resources during the years 1997-2000 show that it has been efficient in terms of providing basic public goods and services to its constituents but not in terms of empowering the community people to participate in advocacy, decision-making, and other activities of local governance. The data also show that politics played a great role in the implementation of various development programs, projects, and activities.Item Statement ang Malolo: An analysis of an Ilonggo conceptBartonico, Alora Grace P. (Division of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-04)This paper examines the different perspectives that have been used to define the meaning of Ilonggo concept malolo. It argues that the concept malolo derives not only its linguistic characteristics but it is also manifested through observable behaviors of Ilonggos. It reviews the meaning of the concept across history by inspecting some pieces of Ilonggo literature of the 20th century. This paper also examines the meaning of the term as it is understood by today's speakers themselves. It describes the use of the term malolo as a stereotype for Ilonggos by both Hiligaynon and non-Hiligaynon speakers. It observes that the concept has different uses and meanings across generations; as well, the understanding of the concept differs from rural and urban areasItem Analysis and assessment of the performance of the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP) partner municipalities in improving health outcomesAraneta, Francine Nicole M.; Bebita, Valerie Anne N.; Endoma, Vivienne F.; Estanda, Marvyn Kerziel A.; Gupeteo, Mary Pauline Kriszl E.; Lebosada , Billy John F.; Magsipoc, Karla Mae B.; Pabello, Kimberly T.; Samoro, Karmela Marie G.; Villaruel, Rigel Kent Q. (2016-05)The Zuellig Family Foundation through the Municipal Leadership and Governance Program (MLGP) aims to bridge the gap between the Filipinos and the promise of universal health care through the local health managers. They developed a local health scheme with focus on the World Health Organization’s six building blocks of health system so the country can achieve the Millennium Development Goals on health by 2015. However, there are still no available methods that can measure the success of health programs such as the MLGP. In order to address this issue, the researchers proposed to quantify and assess the health outcomes and the municipality performance. Heath outcomes are represented using secondary data provided by the MLGP municipalities on the performance indicators for MDGs for health. Municipality performance is quantified using a scoring system developed by the researchers based on the performance indicators assigned by the ZFF for each WHO building-block and significant improvement in municipality performance was found. The health data was analyzed by comparing the medians of yearly data using non- parametric/distribution-free sign tests. Among the health indicators with complete data for all 28 municipalities, significant difference in health outcomes was found in the data proportions of ratio of facility-based deliveries (FBD), ratio of births attended by births attended by skilled personnel (SBA), contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR), and proportion of fully immunized children (FIC). Maternal and infant mortality ratio, under-five mortality rates and malnutrition rate did not show any significant difference within the two-year intervention time span. Ratio of facility-based deliveries and ratio of births attended by skilled personnel showed significant positive correlations with health financing, health service delivery, and total performance indicators. There is also a significant positive correlation between CPR and leadership and governance, health financing, health human resource, access to medicine and technology, health service delivery and total performance indicators. However, it is interesting to note that the data on fully immunized children showed significant but negative correlations with leadership and governance performance indicators.