UPV Digital RepositoryUPV-DRUniversity of the Philippines Visayas
 

Undergraduate Special Problem

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/30

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2002 - 200982010 - 201915

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Start date: 2002Degree: search.filters.degree.Bachelor of Science in Public Health

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    Relationship of moderate to heavy Trichuris trichiura infection with the packed red cell volume and mental ability of elementary schoolchildren in Miag-ao, Iloilo
    Calibjo, Hartzell M.; Calvo, May Lyn A.; Dizon, Lourdes Anne A.; Garay, Cyrus Q.; Gonzales, Lorenz Alfred B.; Gibraltar, Felli Claire G.; Peralta, Lou Gillyn B.; Spitzer, Mark Manfred B.; Taburaza, Larimee S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-04)
    Trichuris trichiura commonly known as whipworm is a nematode that infects human particularly primary school-aged children. Studies show that moderate to heavy Trichuris infection may adversely affect the cognitive functions of schoolchildren (Nokes, 1991) and may cause anemia overtime (Politt, 1982). However, this has not been established in the local setting. This led the researchers to locally conduct a study that would primarily determine the relationship of the moderate to heavy intensity of trichuriasis with the mental ability of schoolchildren and with the Packed Red Cell Volume. It also aims to determine if there is a significant difference between the mental ability test scores and the Packed Red Cell Volume of moderate to heavy Trichuris infected group and the non-infected group. Three coastal elementary schools in Miag-ao, Iloilo was chosen as the study sites. These were Miag-ao West Central Elementary School, Igtuba-Guibongan Elementary School, and Bacauan-Mambatad Elementary School. Five hundred twenty five (525) elementary pupils aged 8—14 years had their stool samples examined using Modified Kato Katz to determine the intensity of Trichuris infection. Thirty (30) moderate to heavy Trichuris infected students and another 30 non-infected students were randomly selected as the study sample. Capillary blood samples were collected from the 60-study sample. The packed red cell volume was determined using the Microhematocrit Method and was categorized as normal and below normal. Mental ability of the study sample was measured using the standardized Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT). The test instrument was administered and interpreted by the Psychometricians. The results of the tests consisted of verbal interpretation and was categorized as below average, average and above average. The results showed no significant difference between the moderate to heavy infected group and the non-infected group based on mental ability test verbal interpretation (p= 0.770). The non-infected group even obtained a higher proportion of study samples that were below average CFIT test scores compared with the moderate to heavy infected group. The results of packed red cell volume revealed that all study samples (100%) in the non-infected group had normal Packed Cell Volume (PCV). On the other hand, only 90% of the study samples in the moderate to heavy infected group had normal Packed Cell volume (PCV) while the remaining 10% had below normal PCV. Statistically however, the difference was not significant (p= 0.164). Finally, Linear Regression Analysis showed no linear relationship between mental ability test Deviation Intelligence Quotient and Packed Red Cell Volume among the study samples. The scatter plot diagram showed dispersed distribution of study samples which means weak relationship between the two variables. The insignificant results in this study could be attributed to various confounding variables that were not controlled strictly all throughout the study, as well as the insensitivity of the test instruments used. Thus, the study recommends controlling carefully the various extraneous variables such as socioeconomic conditions, nutritional status of the study sample. The study also recommends the use of more sensitive and specific instruments for measuring the blood level and cognitive functions.
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    Alcohol use among out-of-school youth in Iloilo City
    Cabaluna, Vanessa P.; Eler, Paul Candice Ellen M.; Gazo, Ella Catherine T.; Marla, Mary Ellen J.; Train, Christine Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2002-03)
    The out-of-school youth, 13-22 years old, appears to have one of the greatest risks for alcohol use. This study was conducted to determine alcohol use among out-of-school youth in the City of Iloilo. The subjects of the study were 150 out-of-school youths, randomly selected from 15 barangays of the 6 districts of Iloilo City. Data for this research was gathered using an interview schedule. Results show that one hundred thirty-one (87.33%) out of 150 out-of-school youth respondents had been initiated to alcoholic drinks. Their mean age at alcohol initiation was 15.81. Majority of these respondents usually drink beer (58.78%), followed by gin (13.74%), and tuba/lambanog (12.22%). Other choices include rum and brandy. Factors that influenced the respondents to drink alcohol included friends (67.94%), relatives (12.98%), father (9.16%). Other factors included personal decision, mass media, and mood/problems. Reasons for drinking alcoholic beverages include celebrations of special occasions (30.53%), leisure (18.32%), curiosity (15.27%), and sense of belongingness (12.98%). Other reasons include peer pressure, personal choice and personal problems. Reasons for not drinking include personal choice (47.37%), health reasons (31.58%), family prohibits (15.79%), and religion prohibits (5.26%). Alcohol use is significantly associated with respondents' sex, involvement in organisations or community activities, smoking, and use of prohibited drugs. There is no significant difference between alcohol use and family drinking status & with whom they are staying.
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    Household food security and nutritional status of preschoolers in Valderrama, Antique
    Braga, Mayet Ann D.; Gordon, Cyrus John G.; Guisihan, Thanz Pamela G., II; Jamili, JC John T.; Ledesma, Migil G.; Lim, Diana L.; Lim, Lenny Joy G.; Malalu-an, Rosalie A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2005-03)
    The study is a cross-sectional survey of 138 randomly selected households from ten (10) similarly randomly-selected barangays in Valderrama, Antique. This study aims to determine household food security and nutritional status of pre-schoolers in Valderrama, Antique. The study specifically aimed to: determine the status of household food security in Valderrama, Antique; describe the characteristics of households in terms of Age and Highest Educational Attainment of Caretakers, Annual Family Income (in Pesos), Income Allotment for Food, House Ownership, Number of Household Members and Food Source; and compare the nutritional status of pre-schoolers of food secure and food insecure households based on the following anthropometric parameters: Weight for age (WFA), Height / length for age (H/LFA) and Weight for height (WFH). The study is patterned after the national survey done by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) that ranked Antique as the province with the highest degree of malnutrition. Food security was determined using the Food-Security/Hunger Core Module, 3-Stage Design, with Screeners. Anthropometric measurements were taken from randomly selected preschoolers aged 0-5 from each household to determine the nutritional status. The current study revealed that the prevalence of food insecurity in Valderrama, Antique is very high at 94.9%. The level of food insecurity was further determined and the following results were obtained: 17.6% of the food insecure households were without hunger; 56.5% were the food insecure households were without hunger; 56.5% were food insecure with moderate hunger, and, 26.0% were food insecure with severe hunger. Only 5.1% of the households surveyed were food secure. The results showed that in terms of the anthropometric parameters used in the study (Weight for Age, Height for Age, Weight for Height), all pre-schoolers in food secure households were normal. On the other hand, in food insecure households, the prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were high. Using the parameter Weight-For-Age (WFA), the prevalence of underweight children was 38.2%, which is higher than the national average of 27.6%. Using the Height-for-Age (HFA), 43.5% of pre-schoolers in the area were stunted (underheight) and which is again higher than the national average of 38.5%. The prevalence of wasting in the study was alarmingly high (14.5%) which is almost three times higher than the national average of 5.5%. The results obtained may be used as baseline data in planning intervention programs by the municipal government and concerned agencies (Government Organizations and Non-Government Organizations) to address the alarming problem of malnutrition in the municipality.
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    Investigation of the impact of food and insecurity to the nutritional status of children 6 to 71 months using the Radimer/Cornell Questionnaire among the rural poor in Brgy. Nabitasan, Leganes, Iloilo
    Boncavil, David Allan V.; Chan, Tsarina M.; Erum, Lesley Anne L.; Galas, Caryl E.; Hernandez, Yryka E.; Juele, Sheila Mae A.; Magalonga, April Raye F.; Ogena, Vanessa C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2016-05)
    One of the main objectives of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to achieve zero hunger through food security. Within the Municipality of Leganes, Barangay Nabitasan has consistently ranked as the barangay with the most cases of undernourished children aged 6-71 months old. Nabitasan is located 5 kilometers away from poblacion and the locals are handicapped by their limited purchasing power and source of water and their lack of alternative source of food. Accordingly, this cross- sectional study investigated the impact of food insecurity to the nutritional status of 159 children aged 6 to 71 months old in Barangay Nabitasan, Leganes, Iloilo. The children’s nutritional status was determined based on their Weight for Age (WFA) while the respondents for the Radimer/Cornell Questionnaire were the respective mothers or guardians of the children. The Radimer/Cornell Hunger Scale was utilized to measure food security in terms of hunger. Additionally, the results of the scale were correlated to the following sociodemographic factors: age of the mother/guardian, annual family income, income allotment for food, household size, number of children, sibling rank, food source, educational attainment of the mother/guardian. Using chi square test it was found that there was a significant relationship between food security and the nutritional status of the children (X2=5.729, df=l, p- value<0.05). Odds ratio showed that a child that belongs to a food secure household is 2.715 times more likely to be normal than a child that belongs to a food insecure household. Furthermore, factors that were associated with food security were identified through logistic regression. 8 covariates were included in the analysis and the generated model identified the covariates that contributed most and were significantly associated with food security. The model tells us that: 1.) Increasing annual family income was associated with an increased likelihood of being food secure 2.) increasing number of children was associated with a decreased likelihood of being food secure and 3.) having both market and alternative food source, compared to those who rely on market alone, increases the likelihood of being food secure. It is significant to note that the model generated by this study correctly predicted 76.1% of the observed food security status of the cases; this may indicate that there are still other important determinants of food security that have not been identified and that further studies should consider including these.
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    Comparison of the prevalence of error of refraction and color blindness among private and public primary pupils in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras
    Benitez, Ninotchka Vyent B.; Fuentes, Elyssa Marie C.; Jurilla, Raphaela Joy C.; Manderico, Rommel Vincent D.; Mateo, Mary Diadem O.; Raymundo, Nicollete Joy D.; Siojo, Chloe Naty Marie Eugenie A. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2012-03)
    Refractive error is the number one cause of childhood blindness in the Philippines with a prevalence rate of 53% (3rd National Blindness Survey, 2004). Color blindness is an abnormal condition characterized by the inability to clearly distinguish different colors of the spectrum. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the visual acuity using the Snellen Chart and prevalence of color blindness using the Ishihara pseudochromatic plates, among private and public elementary school pupils in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras. A total of 324 elementary pupils were included, 113 of them belonged to private school and 214 belonging to public school. The prevalence for both error of refraction (83/63) and color blindness (52/60) is significantly higher in private school than in public school. Age is a factor in developing both disorders. There is a direct correlation between higher income, and error of refraction and color blindness. Several factors could attribute to the results, including diagnostic procedures and lifestyle of the pupils. This study should help raise awareness regarding error of refraction and color blindness to the public, most especially to the parents who tend to neglect the visual performance of their children.
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    Acceptability of the newly-formulated food recipes among selected age groups at Brgy. Tabat Tubungan, Iloilo
    Beluso, Heziel F.; Buaron, Michelle Jane A.; Hubag, Angelie Rose C.; Macahilo, Judeilan A.; Mationg, Mary Lorraine S.; Nismal, Myles C.; Pido,Dianah D.; Simaurio, Geraldine C.; Sodusta, Valerie Joy M.; Yasa, Kutch V. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    This research study is a cross-sectional survey done among 90 conveniently selected residents of Brgy. Tabat Tubungan, Iloilo in order to determine the acceptability of the newly-formulated food recipes based on sensory analysis (appearance, smell, taste and texture), general acceptability, cost, and food action response. The ingredients used in each of the three new recipes namely tortang malunggay, alugbati-squash ukoy and Palawan delight are nutritious, cheap and indigenous to the community. The acceptability test was done among the three selected age groups: school-age children (6-12 yrs old), adolescents (13-19 yrs old) and adult (20-40 yrs old). Pre-tested structured questionnaires were used in the evaluation of the acceptability of the three recipes. Results were analyzed using frequency distribution and test of proportion to determine whether or not the prepared recipes are acceptable. Chi-square analysis was used to test the independence of acceptability of the food items based on the set criteria and the age group categories of the panelists. The results show that three newly formulated recipes namely tortang malunggay, alugbati-squash ukoy and Palawan delight were found to contain high amount of energy content (107 kcal, 181 kcal and 160 kcal) and essential nutrients such as vitamins A and C, calcium and iron which are needed and vital to the body. The percent Recommended Dietary Allowance requirements derived from the three newly formulated food recipes were 5.35% of the total caloric need per serving for the tortang malunggay, alugbati-squash ukoy and palawan delight could supply 9.05% and 8.00% of the total caloric needs. For the sensory test, results show that in terms of the appearance, the three recipes: tortang malunggay, alugbati-squash ukoy and Palawan delight are acceptable to 82.22%, 95.56%, and 84.44% of the panelists respectively. Smell of the three recipes is acceptable to 87.78% of the panelists. Among the ninety panelists, 87.78% and 83.33% said that the taste of the food recipes is acceptable. In terms of texture, tortang malunggay received the highest acceptance level of 88.89%. Based on general acceptability, Palawan delight was liked by 93.33% panelist. The computed Chi-square values show that the acceptability based on sensory analysis and general acceptability of the three food recipes (except the taste of alugbati-squash ukoy) is not dependent on the age group category of the panelists. The costs of the three recipes were also acceptable to 95.56% of the panelists. As to the food action-response, 95.56% expressed a favorable response. Because of the positive results obtained during the acceptability test on the three food items, the researchers recommend these recipes be included in Food Supplementation and Nutrition Education activities.
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    Occupational exposure to emissions of photocopying machines in Iloilo City: An exploratory study
    Becodo, Cristina M.; Dignadice, Zynie B.; Gaviola, Ma. Thessa Urdolyn M.; Jumares, Analyn G.; Nievales, Cathy Q.; Panizales, Vanessa Grace L.; Teruel, Josie A.; Tingzon, Glynis S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-04)
    Photocopying is a profitable business in Iloilo City. The photocopying machines are known to emit ozone and volatile organic compounds. This study aims to determine whether long-term exposure to photocopying machines will have adverse health effects on the operators. The group extracted blood samples from the respondents; had them undergo chest x-ray examination; answer questionnaires and checklists. From the blood samples, the group determined the WBC count, differential count and serum albumin, total protein and uric acid of the respondents. From the chest x-ray examination, the group aimed to see particles from photocopier emissions deposited in the lungs. From questionnaires, the group aimed to determine the operators’ common health complaints. From the checklists, the group aimed to know if the photocopying establishments have a suitable working space area and ventilation. The group aimed to determine the effect of years and hours of exposure to photocopiers; number of machines; ventilation; working space area; kind and number of toner on WBC count and differential count; health complaints; serum albumin, total protein and uric acid levels; and chest x-ray results of the respondents. Results showed that years and hours of exposure had no significant effect on the photocopier operators. However, other factors such as the number of machines, working space area and ventilation, number and kind of toner had significant effects on selected cell and serum levels in the blood of the operators and on their common health complaints. The group concludes that exposure to photocopying machines have significant effects on the health status of the photocopier operators based on the common health complaints they frequently experience, white blood cell count and differential count and blood serum levels.
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    Techie nanay: Makabagong nanay para sa ligtas na buhay
    Azarraga, Alyssa Faye N.; Brazas, Jodelyn M.; Bordon, Jenn Margarette B.; Dofitas, Adrian Bernard A.; Gadong, Joshua Vincent Y.; Matinong, Kathleen Erica D.; Paguidopon, Cyril L.; Tabanar, Bianca Ysobel S.; Tantuan, Liza Beth F.; Temelo, Jason Andrei C.; Ynzon, Samuel P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Maternal mortality is an alarming problem in the Philippines and is usually caused by non-facility based deliveries (NFBD). In 2013, the DOH reported that the province of Iloilo has the highest maternal mortality rate in Western Visayas, and Maasin is located in this province. Among the 50 barangays of Maasin, Brgy. Abay was chosen due to its high cases of NFBD. This study was conducted to improve the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of women of reproductive age (WRA) towards maternal health and reduce the cases of non-facility based deliveries among pregnant women of Brgy. Abay, Maasin, Iloilo. The KAP of the WRA was improved through a series of lectures in a span of 4 weeks. In order to improve maternal health in Brgy. Abay, the team introduced a smartphone application called iNanay for the use of pregnant women and launched a web server database in the Rural Health Unit (RHU). Both components help in pregnancy monitoring. For the project sustainability, the mothers elected a core team called “KaakABAY”. Smartphones were given to 6 pregnant women in Brgy. Abay and they were taught by the KaakABAY about the features of the application. Since no delivery took place within the six-week immersion, the effectivity of the iNanay app was solely evaluated by tracking the attendance of the pregnant women to their prenatal check-ups that were scheduled within the time of immersion.
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    Association of topography and demographic & socioeconomic characteristics to the compliance of mothers to reproductive health services in Maasin, Iloilo
    Azarraga, Alyssa Faye N.; Brazas, Jodelyn M.; Bordon, Jenn Margarette B.; Dofitas, Adrian Bernard A.; Gadong, Joshua Vincent Y.; Matinong, Kathleen Erica D.; Paguidopon, Cyril L.; Tabanar, Bianca Ysobel S.; Tantuan, Liza Beth F.; Temelo, Jason Andrei C.; Ynzon, Samuel P. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2017-06)
    Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to reproductive functions and processes. This study was conducted in the 50 barangays of Maasin, Iloilo with the purpose of determining if factors such as topography (highland or lowland) and demographic & socioeconomic characteristics (age, parity, highest educational attainment, occupation, and household asset index) have significant association with the utilization of reproductive health services such as prenatal care, family planning and delivery care. A total of 356 mothers (160 from lowland barangays and 196 from highland barangays) from the municipality were interviewed using a survey questionnaire. Statistical tools such as Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact Test, T-test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Using the results from the surveys, it was found that majority of the mothers from highland barangays had 6 or more children, low educational attainment, and low household asset index. Only educational attainment was known to be significantly associated (p-0.003) with compliance to prenatal care services. Parity was the only factor that was significantly associated (p=0.036) with compliance to family planning services. For delivery care services, age (p=0.047), parity (p=0.001), educational attainment (p=0.002) and occupation (p=0.003) were found to have significant association with topography, because mothers (31-49 years old) who are from highland barangays, who are unemployed, with low educational attainment and who have 6 or more children are more likely to deliver through non-facility based service. Results of this study showed that the rural health unit of Maasin has achieved a good coverage of prenatal care and family planning services since the values were not found to be statistically significant between highland and lowland barangays. However, the RHU still needs to restructure their projects to cater those mothers in highland barangays who still opt for non-facility based deliveries as it is statistically significant when in relation to topography.
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    Sagip COUGHamilya: Improving prevention, and case management & care seeking in Sitio Durog, Barangay Palaca, Miagao
    Asorio, Leslie S.; Clarito, Thea Joy A.; Dolorosa, Rex Victor V.; Marecap, Mitzi N.; Napulan, Andrea Marie N.; Recabar, James Mathew V.; Rodriguez, Sael D.; Velasco, Princess Monic Q. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)
    According to the 2018 Morbidity Diseases Reports of Miag-ao’s Rural Health Unit (RHU), Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the main cause of morbidity among the children in the municipality. Upon further review, the community that was found to have the greatest number of ARI cases is that of Barangay Palaca. To contribute with the reduction of ARI cases in the said community, Project Sagip COUGHamilya was implemented in Sitio Durog. This project aims to reduce the number of current ARI cases among children aging 2 months to 11 years old by at least 50% after the 6-week project implementation. In order to accomplish such goal, the team utilized strategic components such as: (1) establishment of a core group called FamiLEADERS, (2) honing the ARI case management knowledge and skills of the barangay health workers (BHWs) through FamiLINANG sessions for BHWs, (3) improving the mothers’ & guardians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards care seeking and case management for ARI through FamiLINANG sessions for mothers, and (4) raising the children’s awareness on cough etiquette, proper handwashing, and other key health practices through LINIStorya sessions. Upon implementation, the project’s outputs include the 80% increase in the ARI case management knowledge and skills of BHWs, 44.47% increase in the KAP of the mothers & guardians towards care seeking and case management for ARI, and 12.5% increase in the children’s awareness towards cough etiquette, proper handwashing, and other key health practices. All these results were statistically found to be significant improvements. In conclusion, the strategies done by the group significantly improved the care seeking, case management, and key health practices for ARI in Sitio Durog, Barangay Palaca. As a result, Projesct Sagip COUGHamilya contributed to the reduction of ARI cases by 80%, far exceeding the goal of the project and deeming it to be very effective and successful.