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Undergraduate Special Problem

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/30

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End date: 2009

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    Species composition and distribution of fish larvae in Lianga Bay, Surigao del Sur
    Acabado, Cristy S. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    The species composition and distribution of ichthyoplankton in Lianga Bay, Surigao del Sur was investigated in June 2004. A total of 37 families were recorded from horizontal tows collected in 32 sampling stations. The most dominant larvae were Gobiidae and Pomacentridae, which comprised 20.4% and 16.0% of all larvae sampled, respectively. Overall larval density was 4.2 ind. 100 m-3 (n=32; sd=5.0), with highest concentrations in the inner portion of the bay particularly in the west and southwest portions. On the other hand, egg density (mean=0.9 eggs m-3; n=32; sd=0.9) showed highest concentration near the coastline but further from the central basal portion of the bay. Patches of high egg concentrations suggest that Lianga Bay may serve as spawning ground for some species.
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    Comparative growth rates and gross morphology of hybrid catfish clarias gariepinus (female) x clarias macrocephalus (male)
    Agase, Mark Christian A. (Division of Biological Sciences, Bachelor of Science in Biology, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2004-03)
    Catfishes are among the groups that has been considered economically important fishes in the Philippines and in other countries. The freshwater catfish Clarias macrocephalus is native to the Philippines but it is becoming scarce in many natural habitats. It is a favorite food dish due to its tender and delicious meet. Aquaculturists these days focus more their attention to the culture of exotic species like Clarias gariepinus and Clarias batrachus that in turn resulted to the near extinction of the native species. There is therefore a need to undertake a breeding program involving this native catfish and other exotic species.A 12-week study was conducted to compare the growth rates of the hybrid catfish C. macrocephalus (♂) X C. gariepinus (♀) in natural ponds and laboratory rearing conditions. In addition, the length-weight relationship was also determined. Gross morphology was also noted in the experiment.Results showed that the trend for SGR of the hybrid in natural pond and laboratory rearing conditions from weeks 2 to 12 is decreasing. Continued feeding of the hybrids on artificial diets results in poor fish growth. T-test revealed that there is a significant difference on the SGR for both the length and weight with hybrids in natural pond rearing conditions being consistently higher than the laboratory set-up.From the linear regression equation, there was no homogeneity of regression, coefficients, or slopes in the mean body lengths (MBL) and mean body weights (MBW) of me hybrids in the natural pond and laboratory rearing condition. It simply means that there is a significant difference on the growth rates of the hybrid as to the type of environment they are reared. The product-moment correlation showed that there is a linear relationship between the length and the weight of the hybrid fish, 7.9305378 X 104 being the constant. Gross morphology of the hybrids includes the appearance of a trident-shaped occipital process, which was not pointed and narrow as in the case of the parent C. gariepinus. A turtle shell-like design arranged bilaterally characterizes the dorsal side of the head. A modification of the dorsal fin was also noted as to the presence of the adipose fin at the posterior end of the dorsal fin, which was about 3-5 mm in length.
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    Physiochemical factors affecting mangrove distribution and occurrence in selected sites in the Province of Antique
    Agapin, Antonio, Jr. D. (Division of Biological Sciences, Bachelor of Science in Biology, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2009-03)
    Mangrove forests are unique inter-tidal ecosystems comprised of taxonomically diverse, salt-tolerant tree and other plant species that are primarily found o.i relatively sheltered coastlines, deltas, estuaries, and lagoons in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The objective of this study is to generally determine the physicochemical factors influencing the distribution and occurrence of mangroves in selected sites in the Province of Antique and to specifically measure selected physicochemical factors influencing the distribution and occurrence per species per municipality and correlate selected physicochemical factors like soil and water salinity, soil and water pH, and soil and water temperature influencing the distribution and occurrence per species per municipality using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. There were 224 plots established in 11 municipalities in the province of Antique. Twenty-five plots were established in Anini-y, 44 in Hamtic, 11 in San Jose, 5 in Belison, 18 in Patnongon, 23 in Bugasong, 11 in Barbaza, 9 in Tibiao, 26 in Culasi, 23 in Pandan, and 29 in Semirara. A total of 27 true mangrove species belonging to 12 families were found in the 11 municipalities of Antique. The 12 families are Family Avicenniaceae represented by Avicennia alba , Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinales, and Avicennia rumphiana', Family Combretaceae represented by Lumnitzera racemosa and Lumnitzera littorea; Family Euphorbiaceae represented by Excoecaria agallocha; Family Lythraceae represented by Pemphis acidula; Family Meliaceae represented by Xylocarpus granatum and Xylocarpus moluccensis; Family Myrsinaceae represented by Aegiceras coniculatum and Aegiceras floridum; Family Myrtaceae represented by Osbornia octodonta; Family Arecaeae (Palmae) represented by Nypa fruticans; Family Rhizophoraceae represented by Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops decandra, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora stylosa; Family Rubiaceae represented by Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea; Family Sonneratiaceae presented by Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, Sonneratia ovata; and Family Sterculiaceae represented by Heritiera littoralis. For Soil pH, the highest value of 8.87 was observed in the municipality of Hamtic and the lowest at 6.32 in the municipality of Semirara. Overall mean soil pH was 7.31. For Water pH, the highest value of 8.96 was observed in the municipality of San Jose, and the lowest value of 6.29 in the municipality of Tibiao. Overall mean water pH was 7.23. For salinity, it ranged from 3.1 ppt (Tibiao) to 27.47 (Semirara) and the overall mean was 13.37 ppt For Water Temperature, the highest value of 29.48 °C was observed in Anini-y & the lowest value of 24.74 °C in the municipality of Semirara with an overall mean of 27.40 °C. For Soil Temperature, the highest value of 30.2 °C was observed in the municipality of Belison & the lowest value of 24.97 °C in the municipality of Semirara with an overall mean of 27.50 °C. Among the species present, Aegiceras floridum showed significant correlation with Soil pH (favor low soil pH), water pH ( favor low water pH), salinity ( favor high salinity), soil temperature (favor high soil temperature) and water temperature (low water temperature), A. rumphiana showed significant correlation with water pH (favor low water pH) and soil temperature ( favor low soil temperature), B. cylindrica showed significant correlation with soil pH ( favor high soil pH), C. decandra showed significant correlation with water pH (favor low water pH) and salinity (favor high salinity), L. littorea showed significant correlation with soil pH (favor high soil pH), water pH (favor high water pH), salinity (favor high salinity), soil temperature (favor high soil temperature) and water temperature (favor high water temperature), O. octodonta showed significant correlation with soil pH (favor high soil pH), water pH (favor low water pH), salinity ( favor low salinity), soil temperature (favor high soil temperature) and water temperature (favor low water temperature), S. caseolaris showed significant correlation with water pH (favor low water pH), salinity (favor low salinity), soil temperature (favor low soil temperature) and water temperature (favor low water temperature) and S. ovata showed significant correlation with soil pH ( low soil pH), salinity (favor low salinity) and water temperature (favor low water temperature). Species like A. corniculatum, A. alba, A. marina, B. sexxangula, E agallocha, H. littoralis, L racemosa, N. fruticans, R apiculata, R mucronata, R stylosa, S. alba, X. granatum and X. moluccencis showed wide tolerance (no correlation) in all physicochemical factors (Soil Salinity, Water pH, Soil pH, Soil Temperature and Water Temperature).
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    Ingestion rate of Charybdis feriatus zoea on Brachionus and Artemia nauplii
    Abarca, Jinky G. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2003-04)
    A study was conducted to determine if presence of Brachionus will affect ingestion of Charybdis feriatus larvae on the Artemia and to find out the rate of ingestion with increasing density of Artemia. The experiment was conducted using 10-ml capacity vials filled with 6 ml of seawater (26-30 ppt). Increasing densities of Artemia were prepared (0.5, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20 ind/ml). In one set-up, Brachionus (15 ind/ml) was added. In another set, Brachionus was absent. Another set-up for Artemia with and without Brachionus was prepared but without Charybdis feriatus larvae which served as the control. There were five replicates per treatment. The amount of food prey (Brachionus and Artemia) ingested is determined after 24 hours of feeding on the first day of every zoeal stage (Zl, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5). The number of prey ingested by the crab larvae was then calculated. The prey organisms left in containers were then examined under the microscope for missing body parts. The results showed a trend of increasing ingestion rate with increasing Artemia density. This is observed both in treatments with and without Brachionus. The ingestion rate of C. feriatus larvae on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis showed no trend. However, in zoea 1, there was a trend of increasing ingestion on Brachionus as the feeding density increases. And in zoea 5, it was seen that there is decreasing ingestion on Brachionus as the feeding density increases. There is a trend of increasing ingestion rate on Artemia nauplii as the Charybdis feriatus larvae grow from zoea 1 to zoea 5. There is also a trend of increasing number of observed Artemia with missing body parts as the Charybdis feriatus larvae grow from zoea 1 to number of zoea 5. In addition, there is an increasing number of observed Artemia naupliii with body parts partially ingested as feeding density increases. The presence or absence of Brachionus shows no significant effect on the ingestion on Artemia at low feeding densities (0.5, 2.5, 5 and 10 ind/ml) in all zoeal stages. However, at high feeding densities (20 ind/ml) the ingestion on Artemia is significantly different as seen is zoeal stage 1, 3 and 4.