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Undergraduate Special Problem

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14583/30

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2007 - 20102

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Committee Chair: search.filters.chair.Katalbas, Ma. Severa FeSDG: search.filters.sdg.SDG 12 - Responsible consumption and production

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    Community structure of mangroves in selected barangays in Sebaste, Antique
    Alorro, Mary Juandin Grace F. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2007-03)
    Mangroves are higher plants that are primarily found predominantly in the intertidal areas such as estuaries and lagoons of the tropical and subtropical shorelines. This study was conducted to assess the community structure of mangroves in Barangay Callan, Barangay Idio, Barangay Poblacion, Barangay Abiera, and Barangay Bacalan, Sebaste, Antique, using the transect line method. Specifically, it aimed to determine selected physical and chemical factors such as salinity, pH, temperature for water and soil as well as characterization of the substrate; identify and classify true mangrove species present in the area; and describe the community structure in terms of stand basal area, stems per hectare, relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, importance value, Shannon index of diversity, zonation patterns, seedling and sapling density. No study has been done to document the community structure of mangroves in Sebaste, Antique thus, this study was done to provide vital information needed for its proper management. Three stations were selected in Sebaste, Antique. Four (4) species of true mangroves were identified, belonging to three (3) families: Palmae - Nypa fruticans; Rhizophoraceae - Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; and Euphorbiaceae - Excoecaria agallocha. The study area had a water salinity range of 0.6 ppt to 15.3 ppt; water temperature range of 28.3°C to 35.4°C; water pH range of 7.1 to 7.7; soil temperature range of 28.3°C to 34.7°C; and soil pH range of 6.5 to 7.2. Basal area ranges from 3.16 m2/ha (Rhizophora apiculata) to 5.88 m2/ha (Excoecaria agallochd) to 8.19 m2/ha (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) . The species with the highest average of stems per hectare were Excoecaria agallocha and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza with 300 as well as the highest average density value of 100 for Excoecaria agallocha. Nypa fruticans had the highest relative frequency and relative dominance. Among the four species, the most important species was Nypa fruticans. The Shannon Index of Dominance was 0.403 which was quite low in terms of diversity as influenced by the dominance of Nypa fruticans.
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    Temperature tolerance of adult seahorse Hippocampus barbouri
    Araneta, Aira Joy T. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2010-03)
    Two experiments were carried out to determine the temperatures that could be tolerated by the adult seahorse Hippocampus barbouri (1 year and 4 months old). The low temperature levels tested were 16, 19, and 22 °C. The high temperature levels tested were 32, 35, and 38 °C. Ambient water temperature of 25-28°C served as the control. Seahorses were acclimatized for one hour prior to transfer to various experimental temperatures. The experiment was conducted in 10 L plastic containers with 10 seahorses per container. The experimental containers were floated in a 1 tonne fiber glass tank filled with 18cm of water, which served as water bath, to maintain the desired water temperature inside the containers. There were three replicates per treatment. Survival of the seahorses was monitored every hour for 96 hours. For the low-temperature tolerance experiment, only 57% survival was observed after 96 hours of exposure to 16°C, while 100% survival was obtained on seahorses reared in 19 and 22°C. Significantly decreasing percentage survival correlated closely with decreasing temperature. For the high-temperature tolerance experiment, H. barbouri tolerated a temperature of 32°C with 100% survival. However, no seahorse survived water temperatures of 35°C. Similarly all seahorses succumbed within an hour of exposure to water with a temperature of 38°C. No death occurred in seahorses at a temperature of 25-28°C (control). The results of the present study show that adult H. barbouri could tolerate temperatures as low as 16°C and as high as 32 °C.