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Undergraduate Special Problem

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AGROVOC Keyword: search.filters.agrovoc.biomassDepartment: search.filters.department.College of Arts and Sciences

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    Community structure, biomass and carbon stock assessment of mangrove forest in Poblacion, Batan, Batan Bay, Aklan, Philippines
    Cagalawan, Donna Novei C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-04)
    The continued loss of mangroves in Batan Bay, Aklan and elsewhere in the Philippines warrants urgent attention. Appropriate management schemes can only be drawn after a scientific assessment of the remaining mangroves in a given area. This study aimed to 1.) assess the community structure, of mangroves in Poblacion, Batan, Aklan using accepted ecological indicators such as a.) determine the physical and chemical factors such as salinity, temperature of water and soil, pH as well as substrate characterization; b.) identify and classify true mangrove species present in the area; c.) Stand Basal Area, d.) stems per hectare, e.) relative density, f.) relative frequency, g.) relative dominance, h.) importance value, i.) Shannon Index of Dominance and; 2.) determine biomass and carbon density in the above ground pools of mangroves. A total of nineteen (19) true mangrove species represented by six families were identified in Poblacion, Batan, Aklan. The true mangrove species were Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia rumphiana, Bruguiera cylindrica, Camptostemon philippenensis, Ceriops decandra, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera littorea, Nypa fruticans, Osbornia octodanta, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum and Xylocarpus moluccencis. Camptostemon philippenensis had the highest basal area with 103.14 m2/ha and the highest relative dominance with the value of 39.26%. Avicennia marina has the highest stems per hectare in the area with the value of 32, 400. It also recorded the highest average density at 167 trees/ha and was present in all plots with relative frequency of 44.15%. Avicennia marina was the most important species with value of 300.21. Camptostemon philippinensis had the highest seedling density of 586 seedlings per hectare, whereas Avicennia marina had the highest sapling density of 20 saplings per hectare. In terms of biomass, Avicennia marina recorded the greatest biomass at 79.42 tons/ ha and the highest carbon stock of 36.7 tons/ha. A total of 203.87 tons/ha biomass and 91.728 tons/ha carbon stock was determined. Based on the leaf litter fall, Transect 1 has the highest leaf fall at 664.9g.m2. Litter production was highest during November 5, 2012-November 19, 2012 and lowest in December 17, 2012- December 31, 2012 in all three transects.
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    Community structure, biomass productivity and carbon stock assessment of mangroves in Barangay Tabon, Batan Bay, Aklan
    Bermeo, Ma. Ramela Angela C. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-04)
    The study aimed to assess the community structure, biomass productivity, and carbon stock assessment of mangroves in Barangay Tabon, Batan Bay, Aklan using the plot method. Specifically, it aimed to: 1. determine selected physical and chemical factors such as water salinity, water pH, soil temperature and characterization of soil substrates, 2. identify true mangrove species present in the area, 3. describe the community structure in terms of Stand Basal Area, Stems per Hectare, Relative Density, Relative Frequency, Relative Dominance, Importance Value, Shannon-Index of Diversity, Zonation Pattern, Seedling and Sapling Density, 4. assess the biomass productivity (both wood biomass, and litter fall), 5. estimate the amount of carbon stored in the mangrove forest (using allometric equation). A total of twenty-one true mangrove species belonging to 12 families were identified. Family Rhizophoraceae was the most represented with five species namely Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, and R. stylosa. The rest were also well represented namely Family Avicenniaceae- Avicennia alba, A. officinalis, A. marina, and A. rumphiana; Family Combretaceae- Lumnitzera littorea and Limnutzera racemosa; Family Sonneratiaceae- Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris; Family Acanthaceae- Acanthus ebracteatus; Family Bombacaceae- Camptostemon philippinensis; Family Euphorbiaceae- Excoecaria agallocha; Family Meliaceae- Xylocarpus moluccensis; Family Myrsinaceae- Aegiceras corniculatum; Family Myrtaceae- Osbornia octodonta; Family Arecaceae- Nypa fruticans; Family Rubiaceae- Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea. Basal area ranged from 0.11m2/ha for Ceriops decandra to 68.78m2/ha for Sonneratia alba. Avicennia marina had the highest stems per hectare with 22,600 stems/ha, while Bruguiera cylindrica had the lowest with 100 stems/ha. Avicennia marina occurred in all plots with 137 trees/ha and had the highest relative density of 38.38% and relative frequency of 38.42%. Sonneratia alba had the highest relative dominance of 48.49% while the lowest was Ceriops decandra with 0.08%. Avicennia alba, Bruguiera cylindrica, and Ceriops decandra had the lowest relative densities and frequencies at 0.3%. The most important species was Avicennia marina (107.6) and the least important species was Ceriops decandra (0.68). The area was considered to be diverse at 0.7206. On per transect basis, the highest index of diversity recorded was in Transect 2, while the lowest was in Transect 1. Avicennia and Sonneratia species occured both in the low intertidal zone (seaward) and mid-intertidal zone (transitional zone). Rhizophora, Nypa, Camptostemon, Osbornia, Lumnitzera, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Exoecaria, and Aegiceras were found in the mid-intertidal zone (transitional zone). Xylocarpus, Scyphiphora, and Acanthus occurred in high intertidal zone (landward). Avicennia rumphiana had the highest seedlings density of 1001 seedlings/ha, whereas Rhizophora mucronata had the highest saplings density of 96 saplings/ha. The lowest seedling and sapling density was Rhizophora apiculata (Iseedling/ha) and Camptostemon philippinensis (lsapling/ha) respectively. The species with the highest computed biomass of 1,287.78 tons/ha and carbon stock of 579.5 tons/ha was Sonneratia alba. The lowest was Ceriops decandra with biomass of 0.06 tons/ha and carbon stock of 0.03 tons/ha. A total of 2,080 tons/ha biomass and 936.34 tons/ha carbon stock was determined. Based on the litter fall, Transect 2 has the highest leaf fall weighing 580.4g. Litter weight was highest in January 2013 and lowest in December 2012 in all sampling sites.
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    Temporal variation in the subtidal macroinfaunal composition of a NaGISA seagrass bed in southern Guimaras, Philippines between 2015 and 2016
    Bacabac, Earl Jeroh I. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2019-06)
    Seagrass meadows are amongst the most abundant and diverse ecosystems when it comes to biodiversity but due to stress induced by natural and anthropogenic factors, a worldwide decline threatens the vital ecological functions of these habitats. Studying the infauna provides clues and information about the complexity of seagrass ecosystems and provides information that would facilitate better seagrass area management and associated conservation efforts. The NaGISA sampling protocol was conducted in Calaparan seagrass bed in TINMAR, Guimaras, Philippines between Sept. 2015 and 2016. Overall macrofaunal density was recorded at 21,954.80 ± 36,109.62 ind.m'2 with macrofaunal density higher in 2015 than in 2016 albeit, insignificant except for capitellid polychaetes. Community structure analysis also found similarity in dominance patterns in the subtidal zone with other soft-bottom macrofaunal studies in the Philippines with polychaetes, nematodes, and crustaceans as the respective dominant macrofaunal groups observed. Dominant polychaete families were also found to be cosmopolitan and opportunistic. Granulometric analysis characterized the sediment as pebble to medium sand with mid phi values ranging from -3.69 to 1.10 but poor sorting in all sampling points was observed. Cymodoceaceans dominated the subtidal zone in both years (Halodule pinnifolia in 2015; Cymodocea rotundata in 2016). Correlation analysis showed macrofaunal densities to have a significantly strong negative relationship with sorting index and percent gravel while a strong positive relationship with percent seagrass cover. The poor sediment sorting, coarse sediment character, and seagrass cover were the primary factors influencing the observed decrease in macrofaunal density but the decrease is considered normal for the variability of macrofauna in the area. A clearer picture of macrofaunal interactions would be provided with comparison to intertidal macrofauna of the area in the sampling years and data on additional factors that were not measured in the study.
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    Community structure, biomass production and carbon stock assessment of mangroves in Barangay Ambolong, Batan, Aklan
    Agregado, Leizel B. (Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 2013-04)
    Mangroves are evergreen shrubs and trees of several unrelated families that thrive within intertidal zones of sheltered flats, coves, bays, and estuarine regions extending inland along streams and river where water is primarily brackish. Continued threats to their existence call for their protection and conservation. This study was conducted to assess the community structure of mangroves in Brgy. Ambolong, Batan, Aklan by 1). measuring physico-chemical parameters (salinity, temperature, pH) 2). describing the community structure in terms of and in terms of a) basal area, b) stems per hectare, c) relative density, d) relative frequency, e) relative dominance, f) importance value, g) Index of Diversity, h) seedling and sapling density, and i) zonation pattern; 3). to assess the bidmass production and carbon stock. This study was done to provide preliminary information regarding the current status of mangroves in the area. Three (3) transect lines, each containing three (3) plots, were established in the area. Twenty (20) mangrove species belonging to eleven (11) families were identified: Acanthaceae - Acanthus ebreatus, Acanthus volubilis; Arecaceae - Nypa fruticans; Avicenniaceae - Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia rumphiana; Bombaceae — Camptostemon philippinensis; Euphorbiaceae - Excoecaria agallocha; Meliaceae — Xylocarpus grioanatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis; Myrsinaceae — Aegiceras corniculatum; Myrtaceae - Osbornia octodonta; Rhizophoraceae - Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa; Rubiaceae - Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea; Sonneratiaceae - Sonneratia alba. Water salinity in the study area ranged from 27-30 ppt; soil temperature ranged from 28°C to 30°C. Avicennia marina had the highest values for basal area (4.22 m2/ha), stems per hectare (15,700 stems per hectare), relative density (63.56), relative frequency (63.56%), relative dominance (48.10%), and was the most important species with the importance value of 175. Rhizophora stylosa had the lowest values for basal area (0.002 m2/ha), stems per hectare (100 stems/ha), relative density (0.40 trees/ha), relative frequency (0.4%), relative dominance (0.23%), and was the least important species, having the importance value of 0.832. Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia officinalis, together with Rhizophora stylosa, had the lowest value for stems per hectare (100 stems/ha), relative density (0.40 trees/ha), and relative frequency (0.4%). Seedling density was highest for Avicennia alba(187 seedlings/ha) and lowest for Bruguiera cylindrica (1 seedling/ha). Sapling density was highest for Avicennia marina (54 saplings/ha) and lowest for Excoecaria agallocha (1 sapling/ha). The Index of Diversity was H=0.598. The highest recorded litter was 336.6 g in December 19, 2012-January 2, 2013 while the lowest was recorded at 18.2 grams in December 5-December 29, 2012. Highest biomass production was that of Avicennia marina (962.94 tons/ha), while the lowest was Avicennia officinalis (0.009 tons/ha). Avicennia marina had the highest carbon stock value of 433.32 tons/ha; the lowest was that of Avicennia officinalis (0.004 tons/ha).