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    Effects of Vinegars and Sodium Acetate on the Growth Performance of Pacific White Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei
    Jamis, Jhumar O.; Tumbokon, Barry Leonard M.; Caigoy, Jant Cres C.; Bunda, Marj Gem B.; Serrano, Augusto E. (Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh, 2018)
    Vinegars and their salts have the potential to act as growth promoters and prophylactics against bacterial pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the effects of various vinegars and sodium acetate on the growth performance of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Groups of shrimps were fed diets containing 2% of either apple cider vinegar (ACV), coconut sap vinegar (CSV), sugar cane vinegar (CaV), or sodium acetate, and a diet with no vinegar (i.e. a control diet). Total acidity data of the diet showed that only the sodium acetate diet resulted in the highest total acidity after 60 min immersion in salt water (20 ppt). Attractability tests using customized repartitioned aquaria showed that the CSV diet attracted the highest significant percentage of shrimps after 10 min of feed placement in the feeding chamber. In the feeding trial that lasted for 60 days, results showed that the ACV and CSV groups of shrimps consumed significantly more feed than the other groups. All vinegar groups exhibited significantly higher final average body weight, weight gain, and specific growth, rate than either the control or sodium acetate group. The CSV group exhibited the significantly best feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio. Survival was statistically similar among all groups. Conclusion: the CSV group exhibited the significantly best growth performance and efficiency while both the control and sodium acetate groups exhibited the poorest. © 2018, Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh. All rights reserved.
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    Coral reefs and small pelagic fisheries: Livelihood and governance interactions in Southern Luzon, Philippines
    Novilla, Carmela Therese T.; Fabinyi, Michael (Springer, 2025-04-02)
    Coral reef fisheries and small pelagic fisheries make different contributions to livelihoods, food and nutrition security, which have informed academic and policy debate about their respective needs for governance. However, few studies have explicitly examined how governance of these different fisheries interacts at a local level, or how they interact with wider social-economic contexts and processes. This study examines a small pelagic fishery in the Philippines, focusing on the varied interactions between this fishery and coral reefs. Drawing on household surveys, focus group discussions and interviews, we demonstrate the significant economic and social contributions made by the small pelagic fishery and describe a series of governance interventions aimed at protecting coral reefs and regulating small pelagics. We highlight some of the emerging governance risks that undermine legitimacy and social acceptance for the management of both small pelagic and coral reef resources. We argue that planning for successful management of fisheries needs to be highly cognizant of the complexity of livelihoods, to equity issues in sharing the benefits and burdens of conservation, and to tourism-fishery interactions.
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    Comparative biochemical characterization of pufferfish saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin-binding protein (PSTBP) homologs in the plasma from four Takifugu species: Conservation of heat-stable PSTBP orthologs having three and two tandemly repeated lipocalin domains in genus Takifugu
    Zhang, Yafei; Ueno, Mikinori; Tatsuno, Ryohei; Takatani, Tomohiro; Shimasaki, Yohei; Arima, Kazunari; Sedanza, Mary Grace; Yamaguchi, Kenichi; Oshima, Yuji; Arakawa, Osamu (Elsevier, 2025)
    To study the relationship between domain characteristics of pufferfish saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin binding protein (PSTBP) proteoforms and their thermal stability, a comparative biochemical characterization of PSTBPs from the plasma of four Takifugu species (T. flavipterus, T. pardalis, T. alboplumbeus and T. rubripes) was conducted by Western blot analysis. The heat-tolerance tetrodotoxin (TTX)-binding ability of PSTBP proteoforms in T. rubripes plasma was verified by ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These results suggest that the heat-stable PSTBP proteoforms, composed of three and two tandemly repeated lipocalin domains, are genetically conserved and ubiquitous in the genus Takifugu. This study builds on our knowledge of the structural and functional properties of PSTBP proteoforms, which is vital for understanding how toxins are transmitted and accumulate in organisms and is essential for evaluating the potential risks of toxins in seafood.